Symptom overview

Kidney calculi is mostly located in renal pelvis and calyx, and renal parenchymal stones are rare. Plain film shows that there are one or more dense shadows in the renal area, which are round, oval or obtuse triangle, and the density is high and uniform. The edge is smooth, but some are not smooth, showing mulberry shape. Nodules in renal pelvis and calyx can move with body position, and larger stones have the same shape as their cavities, which can be typical antlers or corals. Sometimes stones can fill the entire renal pelvis and calyx, similar to pyelography. Side view, kidney calculi mostly overlaps with the spine.

Clinically, it is often divided into two types: empirical and empirical:

1, empirical. Symptoms include gravel in urine, dysuria, or sudden interruption of urination, urethral distress and pain, lack of abdomen, or unbearable abdominal cramps, hematuria, red tongue, thin yellow fur, and thin or thin pulse. Treatment should be clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, removing stranguria and removing stones, cooling blood and stopping bleeding.

2, the virtual and real inclusion type. Symptoms may be accompanied by mental fatigue, mental fatigue, pale face, red tongue with teeth marks, weak pulse, or dull pain in the waist and abdomen, soreness in the waist and knees, fever in the hands and feet, hot flashes and night sweats, mental fatigue, red tongue with little coating and thready pulse. Treatment should be beneficial to diuresis, stone removal and stranguria, or both qi and blood, or both yin and body fluid. If gonorrhea is not cured for a long time, it can also be transformed into "gonorrhea" (urine drips continuously, which will happen when you are tired), so you should start with gonorrhea. Clinically, it is necessary to distinguish between deficiency and excess and treat both the symptoms and root causes.

Kidney calculi is a mineral crystal in urine deposited in the kidney and sometimes transferred to the ureter.

common symptom

Some dissolved substances in normal urine are precipitated for various reasons and remain in the kidney to continue to grow, which can form stones. Kidney calculi mostly occurs in middle-aged and elderly people, with more men than women. Kidney calculi may exist for a long time without symptoms, especially large stones. Smaller stones have a wide range of activities. When a small stone enters the ureteropelvic junction or ureter, it causes the ureter to move violently to promote the stone discharge, so colic and hematuria occur. The pain caused by kidney calculi can be divided into dull pain and colic. 40%-50% patients have a history of intermittent pain. Pain is often located in the waist and abdomen, mostly paroxysmal or persistent. Some pain may only be manifested as waist pain and discomfort, and activity or labor can promote the onset or aggravation of pain. Kidney calculi's colic is a severe knife-like pain, which often happens suddenly. Pain often radiates to the lower abdomen, groin or inner thigh, and to the labia in women. During the onset of renal colic, the patient showed acute symptoms, curled up in bed, pressed his abdomen or waist with his hand, and even rolled on the bed, moaning. The attack usually lasts for several hours, but it can also be relieved within a few minutes. When renal colic is severe, the patient is pale, sweating all over, rapid pulse and even blood pressure drop, showing a state of collapse, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension and constipation. Urine volume decreases when colic attacks, and polyuria may occur after colic is relieved.

Hematuria is another major symptom of kidney calculi. Pain is often accompanied by gross hematuria or microscopic hematuria, the latter is mostly, and a large amount of gross hematuria is rare, which can be aggravated after physical activity. Patients in kidney calculi can excrete sand and stones from their urine, especially when they suffer from pain and hematuria. When stones pass through the urethra, they will block or sting. The common complications in kidney calculi are obstruction and infection, and many cases seek medical treatment because of symptoms of urinary tract infection. Obstruction can lead to hydronephrosis and a lump in the upper abdomen or waist.

harm

1, local damage

The damage of local tissue is only slight. If kidney calculi is large and antlers-shaped, it will lead to renal fibrosis, and epithelial cells of renal pelvis and calyx will fall off.

2. Renal damage: If kidney calculi has long-term hydronephrosis, dysuria, excessive pressure in the upper part of obstruction and reduced renal blood flow, it will lead to renal atrophy, renal function decline, renal tubular necrosis and even renal function loss.

3, urinary tract obstruction

Urinary tract obstruction is not only the main factor of secondary renal damage, but also the most common secondary damage in kidney calculi. Urinary tract obstruction can cause symptoms of water accumulation above obstruction. Kidney calculi can lead to excessive pressure, prolonged hydronephrosis, blocked urination and decreased renal blood flow.

Diet prevention

1. Intake a large amount of liquid, and it is best to excrete about 1. 14 liters of urine a day.

2. Control the intake of calcium and avoid taking too much calcium, but it is not forbidden.

Stomach medicine usually contains a lot of calcium. If you have calcium calculus, you should choose a brand with less calcium when taking stomach medicine.

4. Don't eat foods rich in oxalate, including beans, beets, celery, chocolate, grapes, green peppers, parsley, spinach, strawberries and tea.

Taking magnesium and vitamin B6 can reduce the recurrence rate by 90%.

6. Eating foods rich in vitamin A can keep the inner wall of urethra healthy and help to avoid the recurrence of stones. This kind of food includes carrots, broccoli, cantaloupe, pumpkin and beef liver, but high doses of vitamin A are toxic, so it is best to consult a doctor before taking it.

7. Maintain vitality and avoid calcium deposition in the blood.

8. Reduce protein's intake, including meat, cheese, fish and chicken.

9. Reduce salt intake and eat less foods with high salt content.

10. Limit the dosage of vitamin C, especially for patients with calcium oxalate stones.

1 1. Don't take too much vitamin D.

12. If you have been a patient and then feel severe pain or hematuria, please see a doctor as soon as possible.

13. Patients should know the types of their own stones.