1. Garden establishment
Choose a plot with deep, loose and fertile soil, breathable, water-retaining, fertilizer-retaining, sufficient water source, and good drainage for planting. The spacing between plants and rows is 1m×1m, and the size of the planting holes is 0.8m×0.6m×0.4m. Each hole is filled with 10-25kg of farmhouse decomposed fertilizer and 1kg of calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizer, mix it well with the topsoil and return it to the hole. Choose plantlets with strong growth and well-developed root systems that are free from pests and diseases.
2. Temperature
The optimum temperature for growth is 22 to 32°C; when the minimum temperature drops to 3 to 5°C, young branches and leaves will suffer from cold damage; light frost will cause leaf fall , the plant will die in severe cases, so it needs to be cultivated in a solar greenhouse in northern China.
3. Light
It prefers semi-shade. Place the potted plants in a properly shaded place for cultivation. The leaves will be dark green and glossy, and will not affect flowering and fruiting. Miracle fruit grows throughout the world. It can also grow under light, and even in the seedling stage it can still receive direct sunlight. If cultivated under full sunlight, it is better to place the potted plants in a properly shaded place because the sunlight is too strong in summer.
4. Soil
Requires pH 4.5 to 5.5 sandy loam. If you use general soil as a potting substrate, you can add about 1/3 of humus, sawdust, plant ash or pine needles into it to improve the physical and chemical properties of the potting soil. In addition, when potting, apply some decomposed farmyard manure and ternary compound fertilizer on the bottom of the pot, which will be better for the growth of the plants.
5. Moisture
Neutral or acidic water is required. Watering should be in an appropriate amount. Too much water and too much water will cause soil hardening, poor ventilation, and cause soil hypoxia and anaerobic conditions. Bacteria are active and can easily cause root rot. Insufficient watering will cause the leaves to wither and even die. The frequency of watering is once every 3 to 4 days in summer, and once every other day in hot and dry weather.
If the weather is particularly dry, water should be sprayed on the leaves and surrounding ground to lower the temperature and increase the humidity; in winter, water once every 5 to 7 days depending on the weather and air humidity. In addition, the amount of watering should be mastered according to the production situation. Water more during the peak production period and appropriate amount of water during the flowering period. In short, pay attention to keeping the soil moist on sunny days and pay attention to drainage on rainy days. As the seedlings grow, pay attention to the damage caused by weeds, clear the trenches, and cultivate and remove weeds in a timely manner.
6. Fertilization
For saplings, use "a small amount of fertilizer frequently and frequent application of thin fertilizer", mainly quick-acting fertilizer, fertilize once every 10 to 15 days, and use 10% decomposed fertilizer. Irrigation with human feces + 50% superphosphate or 4% compound fertilizer water.
As the seedlings grow, fertilizers are gradually switched to dry application methods. When the weather turns sunny after rainy days, apply 10 to 15g of compound fertilizer per plant or 0.25kg of ammonium bicarbonate + 0.25kg of superphosphate for each plant and mix well. Cover with soil. Usually, add 10-25kg of organic fertilizer to each plant every 1-2 months. Gradually increase the amount of fertilizer as the seedlings grow.
7. Plastic pruning
Use lead wire binding and pruning combined to perform rough tying and fine shearing. For some miracle fruits with taller plants, bending the branches can not only reduce the height, but also make the plant more curved, thereby increasing the ornamental value. The steps for shaping are to start with the trunk, then the thick branches, and then the thin branches. The main trunk and thick branches should be wrapped with hemp before bending to prevent breakage. If the trunk needs a vigorous and simple shape, the trunk can be carved with a carving knife to make it look like a natural decay.
Extended information
Mysterious fruit does not have high soil quality requirements, but the planting site should choose a gentle slope with deep soil, good drainage and ventilation. Planting sites should be selected during the rainy season. Since cutting seedlings and high-pressure seedlings are asexually propagated, their main roots are underdeveloped, and the tree body and crown width are shorter than those of seedlings propagated by seeds. The distance between rows of seedlings is 1.5 meters × 2 meters, while the distance between rows of seedlings is slightly larger, 2 meters. ×3 meters.
Dig the planting holes one month in advance before planting, add enough base fertilizer, and put 2 kg of decomposed farmyard manure + 0.2 kg of superphosphate in each hole. Mix the base fertilizer and topsoil evenly and then backfill the holes. More base fertilizer should be added to cutting seedlings and high-pressure seedlings during afforestation.
As an ornamental greening tree species, Miracle Fruit can also be grown in pots. To prepare potted nutrient soil, mix 70-80% relatively fertile soil, 10-15% coarse sand, and 10-15% coconut bran. The best time for transplanting into pots is spring. The size of the pot or nutrient bag (bowl) depends on the size of the seedlings.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Miracle Fruit
Baidu Encyclopedia - Hainan Miracle Fruit