Basic introduction Chinese name: mbth: prevent miscarriage Object: Embryo measures: Take medical measures to protect the fetus Objective: Avoid abortion Related: Popular Medicine applies to people: general related documents, methods, reasons, instructions, blind abortion, eugenics, causes, hazards, consequences, about abortion, Danger signals, five major inducements, about miscarriage prevention, methods of miscarriage prevention, conditions and methods, precautions, getting out of the misunderstanding, staying in bed to prevent miscarriage, not taking blood activating drugs, ignoring pregnancy examination, recipes, precautions, and people who prevent miscarriage, related literature Popular Medicine 1984 No.3: "Abortion is a common situation in gynecology," Abortion " Fetal protection Xinhua Semimonthly 1956No. 19: "Do a good job in livestock breeding, fetus protection and animal epidemic prevention." In the health care culture of traditional Chinese medicine, the health care during pregnancy is particularly distinctive. The so-called pregnancy care, that is, the so-called prenatal theory of the ancients. It is mainly recorded in the books of gynecology and pediatrics in past dynasties, such as "raising a fetus" in Qian Jin Fang, "raising a pregnancy" in the collection of childbirth and pregnancy, and "raising a fetus" in the secret of baby care. Although the names are different, the basic idea of preventing abortion, stillbirth and deformity is the same. Throughout, many works on fetal rearing are deeply related to Jing Dao. "Quiet is the mystery of the heavens and the earth, and quiet is the beauty of the body and mind." The Book of Changes says: "Being silent and motionless, you feel the world." Silence is not immobile, and Zhou Zi says, "Quiet without desire." Its so-called "no desire" means that no one wants it, and no one wants to be purely natural, that is, to be quiet with natural principles and to be motivated by human desires. Quiet and calm, so calm and careful is the basis of human behavior practice. If people want to master their own behavior, they must have a solid moral foundation in their psychological life. Because the difference between man and everything is that there is a solid moral foundation in psychological life. Being quiet is a way to establish a solid moral foundation psychologically. Regardless of Confucianism, Taoism and Legalism, to grasp their own behavior, they should first focus on the solid foundation of psychological life. Quietly nourishing the heart Mencius said, "It is better to nourish the heart than to be greedy." Meditation can clarify the state of mind, not be disturbed by material desires, and preserve its spiritual essence. The heart is the master of the five internal organs, dominating the gods of the whole body. The heart is entangled in things and confused. If you can't make claims for the five senses, you will be tired of it. And the seven emotions hurt, each of the five internal organs should feel it, and the heart is affected by it. Therefore, "Lingshu? Evil spirits hide the disease form of the government, saying: "Worry and fear make you sad." The mother and son are born in the same body, and the mother is ill and the child is ill. If she is uneasy, the fetus will be restless, and if she is calm, the fetus will be quiet. Therefore, pregnant women should keep their mind calm and clean, and not be disturbed by foreign objects, so as to make the fetus stable. Methods to protect the fetus The reason for protecting the fetus is clinically, we call spontaneous abortion if the embryo can't continue to develop within 28 weeks of pregnancy. /kloc-termination within 0/2 weeks is called early abortion,/kloc-termination between 0/2 and 28 weeks is called late abortion, and spontaneous abortion for more than 3 consecutive times is called habitual abortion. There are two main causes of spontaneous abortion: embryonic diseases and maternal diseases. Embryonic diseases include: 1. The embryo itself is defective, and when it develops to a certain extent, the embryo will die, and abortion will occur in about two months. The placenta is abnormal, and the fetus often dies due to blood circulation disorder, and abortion often occurs in the second half. Maternal diseases include: 1, lutein deficiency. 2, vitamin deficiency, such as vitamins E, K, C, etc. 3. Abnormal reproductive organs, such as abnormal uterine development, uterine malformation, hysteromyoma, etc. 2. Acute and chronic diseases, such as gastroenteritis and urine dew infection. 5. Sexually transmitted diseases, such as gonorrhea and syphilis. Emotional internal injuries, such as mental fear and emotional tension. For women with a history of habitual abortion, health care during pregnancy is particularly important. Law of life: Peace is the most important thing in daily life, neither too easy (such as too sleepy) nor too tired (such as lifting heavy objects or climbing high and taking risks). Escape leads to qi stagnation, which leads to dystocia; Fatigue leads to qi failure, which leads to miscarriage. Therefore, pregnant women must develop good living habits, work and rest regularly, and it is best to ensure enough sleep for 8 hours every day and exercise properly. In this way, we can make ourselves have abundant physical strength and energy to deal with various situations during pregnancy. In addition, pregnant women should wear wide clothes, belts should not be tightened, and flat shoes should be worn at ordinary times. To develop the habit of regular defecation, we should also eat more foods rich in cellulose to keep the stool unobstructed. Avoid using laxatives when constipation is over. A reasonable diet to prevent miscarriage: pregnant women should pay attention to eating foods rich in vitamins and trace elements and easy to digest, such as vegetables, fruits, beans, eggs and meat. For those with gastrointestinal deficiency and cold, take foods with cold taste with caution, such as mung beans, white fungus and lotus seeds. Those with yin deficiency and excessive fire should be careful to take cock, beef, dog meat, carp and other foods that are easy to get angry. There are many folk dietotherapy prescriptions that are very effective in preventing habitual abortion and threatened abortion. Here are two examples: ① 50 grams of lotus seeds and longan meat, simmering soup, and adding yam powder 100 grams of porridge. Start eating after pregnancy, daily 1 time. This prescription is suitable for patients with bleeding, abdominal pain, soreness of waist and legs, white fur and pale tongue, and a history of habitual abortion. ② Three pumpkin pedicels and six lotus pedicels, with * * * baked yellow as the final powder, are served in rice soup for three times, each day/kloc-0. This prescription is suitable for threatened abortion of blood-heat type with fetal abdominal pain, * * * bleeding, red face and dry mouth, five restlessness and fever, and short and red urine after several months of pregnancy. Pay attention to personal hygiene when protecting the fetus: Ying Qin, a pregnant woman, takes a bath and frequently changes her underwear, but she should not take a bath or swim, and be careful not to catch cold when taking a bath. Pay special attention to the cleanliness of * * *, and wash the outside with clean warm water every night to prevent bacterial infection. Maintain a good mood: Studies believe that some spontaneous abortions are caused by the excitement of the central nervous system of pregnant women. Therefore, pregnant women should pay attention to adjust their emotions, try to keep a good mood, avoid all kinds of bad feelings, eliminate tension, boredom and fear, especially not to be overjoyed, furious and worried, otherwise it will be very unfavorable to the growth and development of the fetus. Regular prenatal check-ups: Pregnant women should start regular prenatal check-ups in the second trimester of pregnancy, so as to find and deal with abnormal conditions in pregnancy in time and ensure the healthy development of the fetus. In order to help doctors find and deal with abnormal situations in time, and can guide pregnancy care. Cautious sexual intercourse: For pregnant women with a history of spontaneous abortion, sexual intercourse should be avoided within 3 months and after 7 months of pregnancy, and sexual intercourse should be strictly prohibited for habitual abortion. Special attention: women who have had a history of spontaneous abortion or habitual abortion should go to the obstetrics and gynecology department for diagnosis and treatment of related diseases before pregnancy, especially gynecological diseases. If there are signs of miscarriage after conception, such as bleeding and lower abdominal pain, you should seek medical attention in time. Precautions for Pregnancy Except for pregnant women with pregnancy complications such as miscarriage, premature delivery and multiple pregnancy, doctors usually advise pregnant women to take a fixed amount of exercise every day to maintain their health and physical strength. General gymnastics, swimming and moderate ball games are all within the allowable range, and there will be no problems in outdoor outing and outing. Too intense or dangerous sports, such as playing football, basketball, rock climbing and 100-meter dash, should be avoided. Pregnancy is not illness, so general work can go on as usual, but in the following circumstances, it is best to stop working or switch to other jobs: when there is abortion, premature delivery, or placenta previa causes bleeding, you must stop working; If you have toxemia of pregnancy, are pregnant with twins or are underweight, you'd better rest more. When the workplace contains toxic substances, it is best to change the workplace and stay away from workplaces with high radiation dose, such as nuclear power plants, radiation inspection rooms or treatment rooms; Beauticians, teachers or nursing staff often need to stand for a long time because of the nature of their work, which is prone to varicose veins. They should try to reduce the standing time. In addition, pregnant women should pay attention to the use of skin care products, such as using aromatherapy for beauty and skin care as little as possible, especially for pregnant women within 3 months of pregnancy, because essential oil may cause fetal abortion. If pregnant women want to use skin care products, they must use special skin care products for pregnant women. Pregnant women can wear light makeup, but they must not wear heavy makeup, because cosmetics may contain ingredients that are harmful to the human body, which will cause harm to the fetus. First, once you are determined to be pregnant, you should keep your mood comfortable and emotionally stable. Use drugs carefully during pregnancy, avoid contact with radiation and toxic substances, avoid smoking and drinking, prevent viral infections and control sexual life. Second, pregnant women should pay attention to supplement enough protein, vitamins and minerals, eat more green leafy vegetables, beans, eggs, kelp, seaweed and other foods with more iron, avoid partial eclipse, and should not be too hungry and full to ensure spleen and stomach. Third, pregnant women should stay away from places with many cars and near battery factories and paint factories to avoid inhaling toxic lead into their bodies through the air. Do not eat lead-containing foods in the diet, such as preserved eggs, popcorn and snacks with various pigments. We should eat more foods containing protein, calcium, iron and zinc, so as to effectively prevent the absorption of lead by human intestines and reduce the blood lead level. Fourth, pregnant women should pay attention to hygiene, take a bath frequently and change clothes frequently. From May 16th, take a bath once a day with soapy water and scrub * * * to prevent * * * from invaginating, otherwise it will be difficult to feed postpartum. It is easy to cause mastitis due to the rupture of * * *. Five, pregnant women's clothing should be wide, cold and warm, and it is not appropriate to use tight garters and belts, so as not to affect blood circulation, cause varicose veins and limit fetal activities. Exercise and walk properly to promote blood circulation. 6. Perinatal period refers to the 28th week of pregnancy and the 7th day after delivery. Strengthening the monitoring and health care during this period, making regular prenatal examinations, checking fetal position and observing fetal movement can make the fetus develop normally in the mother, ensure the health of the mother and the baby, ensure the normal delivery of the fetus, and reduce the morbidity and mortality of perinatal infants. Seven, calculate the expected date of delivery and prepare for delivery. The general calculation method is based on the first day of the last menstrual period and 28 days of full-term pregnancy. The expected date of delivery is the month plus 9 (minus 8) and the date plus 7. Eight, modern science has proved that the fetus can receive the influence of the mother in the mother's body, which is the so-called prenatal education theory. The fetus has feelings and responds to some changes in the outside world. Therefore, during pregnancy, the mother can train the fetus in touching movements to stimulate the enthusiasm of the fetus, see more bright and beautiful flowers, listen to some melodious music and enjoy beautiful pictures, which will have a positive effect on the child's future growth and development. About 80% of the reasons for the abortion of eugenics who blindly protect the fetus are the abnormal development of pregnant eggs and embryos, followed by maternal diseases and external factors. From the point of view of eugenics and heredity, it should be considered that most abortions are a natural elimination, and it is not meaningful to barely protect the fetus, and it is difficult to protect the fetus. For spontaneous abortion, prevention should be the key. Once there are signs of abortion, absolute bed rest is the main method, supplemented by drug treatment, and progesterone is the most commonly used one. In fact, progesterone has a narrow role in protecting the fetus, and it is only suitable for those who have signs of abortion due to insufficient progesterone secretion. For patients with luteal insufficiency, if it is possible to conceive, progesterone treatment should be given from the third day after the basal body temperature rises, and continue to be used from the ninth week to the 10 week after pregnancy. Blind abortion is not worth taking. The abuse of progesterone, a contraceptive drug by a few people, may result in masculinization of female fetuses and malformation of reproductive organs in male fetuses. In most cases, instead of keeping the fetus, it makes it more difficult for doctors to perform operations, and increases pelvic infection and uterine bleeding in aborted women. Therefore, we should listen to the doctor's guidance and comprehensively measure whether the fetus is protected or not, so as to get the correct treatment in time. After the signs of abortion occur, pregnant women and their families always hope that doctors can do everything possible to protect the fetus. His mood is completely understandable. However, as a doctor, it is necessary to make a concrete analysis of the causes of abortion, and then make correct treatment, and never blindly protect the fetus. Dr. Hao Aiyong believes that trying to protect the fetus during spontaneous abortion is an act that is not advocated, because most embryo development stops on its own, which is a self-selection elimination reaction and a protective reaction. This protective reaction is an ability that we humans have naturally acquired in the process of evolution. The purpose is to prevent bad life from coming into this world. Most naturally aborted embryos are of poor quality and have such problems. It also proves this point of natural selection. According to the viewpoint of eugenics, natural abortion is natural, and the flow of natural abortion is not necessarily a bad thing, and the retention of natural abortion is not necessarily a good thing. Harm to some pregnant women, soon after pregnancy, * * * bleeding, lower abdomen swelling, medically known as abortion, commonly known as miscarriage. There are two reasons for abortion caused by abortion: first, the fetus is abnormal; The second is the abnormality of the mother. About 50% of the embryos discharged by abortion have birth defects or genetic diseases. Fetal abnormalities are the main factor. A few of these defective embryos continue to be pregnant, and the fetus born is also defective. Therefore, to a certain extent, abortion is a good thing! Sometimes the embryo is dead, but it is not immediately expelled from the uterus. Placenta and villi continue to secrete chorionic gonadotropin-derived hormone, and urine pregnancy test is positive. People think that the embryo is still alive. Then blindly protecting the fetus and using progesterone for a long time make the dead embryo stay in the uterus for a long time, which leads to overdue abortion, but it brings difficulties to the surgical treatment and affects the maternal health. When there are symptoms of abortion, we should pay special attention to two problems: after menopause 1-2 months, there will be a small amount of bleeding and severe abdominal pain, so we should consider whether it is ectopic pregnancy; After menopause for 2-3 months, * * * has a large amount of bleeding, so pay attention to the possibility of hydatidiform mole. These two diseases are both emergencies with serious consequences, so we should diagnose and treat them in time. For early spontaneous abortion, people tend to let it go, mainly staying in bed. If the symptoms disappear and the bleeding stops after bed rest, it means that the pregnancy can be continued. If the bleeding exceeds 1 week or the amount of bleeding increases, it is suspected that the embryo may die. There are many reasons for abortion after menopause for more than 3 months, so we should actively find out the reasons, such as whether there is uterine malformation; Whether the cervix is slack; Whether pregnant women have diabetes; Whether there is blood group incompatibility between mother and baby, etc., we should deal with specific problems accordingly. Consequences After experiencing the joy of pregnancy, threatened abortion will make many expectant mothers feel heartbroken, and it is reasonable to do everything possible to keep the child. It is not recommended for pregnant women to blindly protect their babies. "From the perspective of eugenics and heredity, most abortions are a natural elimination, and those who barely protect their babies are deformed children." The technique of chorionic villi culture was tested on 23 spontaneous abortion embryos, and it was found that 1 1 of these embryos had chromosome abnormalities. This means that if this 1 1 embryo is delivered at full term, the child is likely to suffer from Down syndrome and other diseases. These congenital diseases will make the child suffer from dwarfism and mental retardation when he grows up. According to experts, the main causes of spontaneous abortion are genetic factors, a large number of smoking and drinking and exposure to chemical poisons and other external adverse factors, maternal diseases that are not conducive to fetal growth and development, and paternal aspergillosis, among which genetic factors are the most important culprit. In a sense, spontaneous abortion is a way for human beings to constantly optimize themselves. Natural selection of new life can greatly reduce the birth rate of deformed children, and if people interfere too much, bad embryos can be born smoothly. For women who have spontaneous abortion, especially habitual abortion, experts believe that they should not do everything possible to protect the fetus, but should go to the hospital with their husbands for detailed examination after the previous abortion and before the next pregnancy to find out the cause, treat them according to the cause, and give birth to a healthy embryo. 1. Psychological trauma and miscarriage prevention because the cause of miscarriage has not been found, although many pregnancies and miscarriage prevention have failed, pregnant women will have anxiety about pregnancy and bear heavy ideological burdens. 4. Blind abortion after expiration can make the placenta stuck in the uterine cavity adhere to the uterine wall, and some hormones used in abortion drugs can inhibit uterine contraction, making it difficult to exclude necrotic embryos, leading to overdue abortion. Remediation of abortion will not only increase the pain of pregnant women, but also easily lead to complications such as embryo residue, uterine perforation or postoperative intrauterine adhesion. 3. Reproductive system infection. If this infection is not treated in time, it can become chronic inflammation and cause secondary infertility. 3. Fetal malformation Some abortions are the cause of abnormal embryonic development, and blind abortion can give birth to deformed babies. 5. Dead embryos with maternal coagulation dysfunction stay in the uterus, which can release prothrombin, interfere with maternal coagulation function, cause bleeding and even endanger life. About the danger signal of abortion * * * Bleeding and abdominal pain are the "danger signals" that the fetus sends to you. Please ask prospective mothers and fathers to come face to face with abortion ... "Giving birth to a healthy baby" is the psychological desire of every expectant mother. However, the process of expectant mothers giving birth to babies is full of hope and happiness, and it is inevitable to encounter the problem of abortion. "How to protect your baby from danger? The most important signals of abortion are bleeding and abdominal pain (mainly caused by uterine contraction). If the expectant mother finds that she has a small amount of bleeding, a slight pain in her lower abdomen or a feeling of backache, this may be a precursor to miscarriage and a "danger signal" that the baby sends you. At this time, expectant mothers don't have to be too nervous. The best way is to stay in bed. If the situation does not improve, it is serious, so you need to seek medical advice in time. What are the five major causes of abortion, but can't keep the baby? Experts believe that there are mainly the following five aspects: 1. Embryo (or fetus) abnormal embryo development is the most common reason for early abortion. Maternal factors Mothers suffering from the following diseases may all lead to miscarriage: Mothers suffering from acute and chronic diseases, such as anemia, hypertension, chronic nephritis and heart disease, are prone to miscarriage. The expectant mother is infected by the virus, or the expectant mother has a high fever, which causes uterine contraction and leads to abortion. Suffering from reproductive organ diseases such as uterine malformation, pelvic tumor, loose mouth in uterine cavity or laceration. 3. External factors The expectant mother is affected by harmful substances such as mercury, lead and cadmium or toxic environment. Being disturbed and influenced by external physical factors, such as high temperature and noise, can also lead to abortion. 4. Endocrine dysfunction is mainly luteal dysfunction and hypothyroidism in expectant mothers. ⒌ Immune factors After pregnancy, the mother rejects the fetus due to the inadaptability of both mother and baby. Abortion is easy to occur in the following two stages, but as long as the method is correct, the baby can be retained. 1. Early abortion is mainly the phenomenon that expectant mothers have abdominal pain and bleeding before 12 weeks of pregnancy. The main symptoms are * * * little bleeding and mild lower abdominal pain. Method of fetal safety: stay in bed. Avoid sex. Take anti-abortion medicine under the guidance of a doctor. 3. Late abortion mainly refers to abdominal pain and bleeding during12-28 weeks. If expectant mothers have premature delivery, they need to be hospitalized to have a baby. The process of late abortion is similar to childbirth. First, there are bouts of abdominal pain caused by uterine contraction, and then the placenta exfoliates and bleeds, so its condition is more serious than that of early abortion, but generally late abortion is less frequent. Methods of fetal safety: safely rest in bed, even eating and excreting must be carried out in bed. During this period, the most important thing for expectant mothers is to relax and not be nervous. 7 methods for expectant mothers to prevent miscarriage 1. If you have symptoms, you should go to the hospital in time. Mother must avoid sex in the first and third trimester. 3. Expectant mothers should go to public places and crowded places as little as possible to avoid being infected by bacteria. 3. During the whole pregnancy, expectant mothers should take proper rest, avoid strenuous exercise, do not climb mountains, stand for a long time, be hard or tired, and at the same time do not squat for a long time, do not often lift and stretch, and do not ride bicycles. 5. Adjust your emotions, maintain a good mood and mental state, and prospective fathers and their families should be more considerate of expectant mothers and show more care and care. The diet should be light, pay attention to balanced nutrition, keep the stool unobstructed, try to eat less and more meals, and avoid spicy food to avoid gastrointestinal discomfort. Stay away from tobacco and alcohol. Once, strengthen the pregnancy examination. "What about the baby who lives in the belly?" This requires expectant mothers and prospective fathers to pay attention together. Conditions and methods For couples who want to have children, how to seize the hard-won opportunity of pregnancy is the reason for miscarriage protection. Throughout history, fetal protection has been an important research topic in medicine. Conditions for abortion: abortion must be carried out under the condition that the embryo is alive. Indications of embryo survival are the existence of early pregnancy reaction, positive urine pregnancy test, positive chorionic gonadotropin, improvement or disappearance of patients' symptoms, such as reduction of abdominal pain, reduction or cessation of bleeding, early B-ultrasound examination with embryo bud development and fetal heart reflex, uterus increasing with pregnancy month, fetal movement can be observed after 12 weeks of pregnancy, and amniotic fluid level increases with pregnancy month. It is necessary to make sure that the fetus is alive after repeated continuous examinations. The method of protecting the fetus 1 general therapy: stay in bed, forbid sexual life, and reduce unnecessary examinations. Psychotherapy gives spiritual encouragement to patients, making them emotionally stable and enhancing their confidence. 3 drugs to prevent miscarriage, appropriate oral sedatives, such as Lumina and Libianning, and 4.8mg of Shuchuanling for patients with abdominal pain, three times a day; Patients with luteal insufficiency were injected with progesterone 20mg； daily; Secondly, vitamin E and thyroxine powder can be supplemented (suitable for hypothyroidism), and at the same time, with the help of the successful experience of Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese medicine can be used to protect the fetus. 4 The duration of pregnancy protection is 2 weeks in principle. After 2 weeks, the symptoms have not improved, suggesting that the embryo may develop abnormally. It is necessary to carry out B-mode ultrasound examination and β-HCG determination to determine the embryo status and give corresponding treatment. If necessary, the pregnancy should be terminated. Precautions should not be forced to protect the fetus, especially couples who are eager to have children. They should listen carefully to the doctor's advice and not blindly protect the fetus, so as not to cause missed abortion, infection, endometrial inflammation or salpingitis and infertility. Or because the detention time is too long, coagulation dysfunction occurs, leading to DIC, which is life-threatening. Practice has proved that as long as the indications and methods of fetal protection are correctly mastered, the success of fetal protection can be achieved. Get out of the misunderstanding. Patients who stay in bed to protect their babies have a history of abortion, so we must find out the cause of abortion. We should receive B-ultrasound and other related examinations in the early pregnancy to understand the embryonic development and find the cause. If there is any abnormality, you should actively cooperate with the doctor for symptomatic treatment, rather than simply staying in bed. Pay special attention, there is no bleeding to get out of bed, and you should go to the hospital to find out the reason in time if there is bleeding. The doctor will decide whether further treatment is needed and whether to protect the fetus according to the situation. After many years of clinical observation, Salvia miltiorrhiza can prevent thrombosis and improve placental blood flow if used properly, and can effectively prevent abortion, stillbirth and intrauterine fetal dysplasia. Drugs for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis must be used in hospitals, so that doctors can monitor the changes of the disease in time. It is very important to ignore the pregnancy examination. It is very important to check the antibody and hormone levels before pregnancy, but some pregnant women often ignore it. For women with habitual abortion who have normal pre-pregnancy examination, pregnancy examination is particularly important. Like this pregnant woman, because the tissue-soluble antigen in the body is too close to her husband's, it is not easy to produce antibodies. At this time, using lymphocytes in her husband's blood can arouse her immune enthusiasm, form protective antibodies beneficial to the fetus, and save the fetus. Recipes all say that medicine is better than food. If you can pay more attention to your diet, it will not only have a good curative effect, but also reduce the side effects caused by many drugs. There are many foods aimed at your mother's body and many health care functions, which can be described as killing two birds with one stone. Folium Artemisiae Argyi Egg Soup Qizi Erdu Soup Folium Artemisiae Argyi Egg Soup An Fetal Carp Porridge Yellow Wine Egg Yolk Soup Hen Yellow Rice Porridge Ejiao Egg Soup Black Bean glutinous rice porridge Precautions for Pregnant Women Supplementing Folic Acid Folic acid is a water-soluble B vitamin, which is abundant in green leafy vegetables, fruits and animal livers. Folic acid participates in the whole process of human metabolism and is an essential vitamin for synthesizing DNA, an important substance of human body. Its deficiency can not only lead to fetal neural tube malformation, but also increase the deformity rate of eyes, lips, palate, gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system, kidney, bone and other organs. During the period from one month before pregnancy to three months after pregnancy, glutinous rice porridge women with black beans can take 0.4 mg folic acid supplement every day to prevent the occurrence of most fetal malformations. It is worth mentioning that women should take folic acid under the guidance of a doctor. In addition, the following points should be noted: 1. Folic acid must be taken from one month before pregnancy. It is emphasized that the purpose of taking folic acid before pregnancy is to maintain a certain level of folic acid in women and ensure a better folic acid nutritional state in the early embryo. According to the research, it takes four weeks for women to take folic acid before their folic acid deficiency can be corrected. In this way, in the sensitive period of fetal neural tube formation in early pregnancy, enough folic acid can meet the needs of nervous system development, and the best preventive effect can be achieved by insisting on taking it in the sensitive period of the first three months after pregnancy. Women in the low incidence area of neural tube malformation in China should also be supplemented with folic acid. The incidence of neural tube malformation in China is higher in the north than in the south, and higher in the countryside than in the city. Therefore, some people think that women in low-incidence areas can not take folic acid when they are pregnant, and this understanding is likely to become a hidden danger in the birth of neural tube malformations. According to the survey, there are still a considerable number of women of childbearing age in low-incidence areas who lack folic acid. 3. Can taking folic acid supplements ensure that there are no neural tube malformations? Taking folic acid supplements is to prevent neural tube defects caused by folic acid deficiency in pregnant women. Folic acid deficiency is the main cause of neural tube malformation, but it is not the only cause. There are also family genetic factors and other environmental factors that can also cause neural tube malformation, and there is no exact prevention method for these. 4. Do not use "Folic acid tablets" instead of "small dose folic acid supplements". Folic acid supplement contains only 0.4 mg of folic acid per tablet, which is the only preventive drug approved by the state (trade name is "Silian"). However, there is a kind of Folic Acid Tablets for treating anemia in the market, each tablet contains 5 mg of folic acid, which is equivalent to 12.5 times of that of "Silian" tablets. Pregnant women should not take this large dose of folic acid tablets in the first trimester, because taking folic acid tablets in large doses for a long time will have adverse effects on pregnant women and fetuses. In fact, the normal amount of folic acid supplement can be provided by ordinary pregnant women's milk powder, such as Nestle pregnant women's milk powder, which contains the correct proportion of folic acid. The working pressure of pregnant women 1 and young people is increasing. Faced with hard-won jobs, many pregnant women don't rest at the beginning of pregnancy, even work overtime, plus frequent use of computers, overworked and stressed, so they need to have a baby. 2. Older women (generally over 35 years old) need to have an abortion. 3, more than two recurrent abortions (habitual abortion) need to protect the fetus. 4, the history of infertility needs to protect the fetus. 5, there are symptoms of backache, dull pain and bleeding in the lower abdomen that need to be protected.