Question 1: What are annual festivals? Annual festivals are an important concept in folklore. Annual festivals mainly refer to specific days that are consistent with the periodic changes in weather and phenology, are agreed upon in people's social lives, and have certain customary activities.

At present, the most important book about the annual festivals is "Jingchu Suishui Ji" written by Zongmao of Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty. It records the customs of Jingchu Suishui and is also the earliest book in my country that has been preserved to this day. A monograph dedicated to recording the seasons in ancient times. Xiao Fang of Beijing Normal University has done extensive research on this book, and his doctoral thesis "Research - Also on the Concept of Time in Traditional Chinese People's Life" has been published publicly. You can refer to it.

The annual festivals are mainly associated with the folk customs of the annual festivals. Festival folk customs are a social and cultural phenomenon with broad content and coverage. Festivals can be divided into agricultural festivals, religious festivals, traditional ethnic festivals, etc. The content of folk activities can be divided into two categories: single and comprehensive. Singleness refers to the simple purpose of festival activities; comprehensive festival refers to the diversity of festival purposes, including many folk activities. Festival folk customs are an indispensable part of the traditional national culture. It was created, modified and passed down by our ancestors in the long-term social activities to adapt to the various needs and desires of life and production. It relies on various realistic conditions and uses everyone's wisdom, ability and imagination to serve people's survival, tranquility, health and other requirements. With the development of people's abilities and intelligence and the passage of time, this traditional culture becomes more and more colorful. It not only meets people's certain living requirements, but also promotes and consolidates social order. It uniquely fulfills a cultural function.

Chinese annual festivals have the following characteristics:

1. Agricultural cultural characteristics. Chinese annual festivals, with the changes in the four seasons throughout the year and the needs of crop arrangements, have gradually formed a series of colorful festivals and customs activities, showing distinctive agricultural cultural characteristics, which can be seen from the following festivals and customs activities. During the Spring Festival around New Year's Day, people watch the wind and clouds, predict the weather, and predict good times and bad years. When the Waking of Insects comes in February, there is a folk custom of preventing pests and preempting the harvest. The period around Qingming Festival and Grain Rain in March is a good season for spring plowing and sowing. Many festivals such as Silkworm Moon (Little Qingming Festival), Outing Festival, Yu's birthday, Wheat King's birthday, Dragon King Festival, Qingming Festival and other festivals are related to praying for a good harvest. Most of the festivals and customs held at the beginning of summer in April are centered around the production characteristics of various places. May, the beginning of midsummer, brings many disasters and is commonly known as the "evil month". Its festivals and customs are mostly related to disease prevention and pest control. During the summer solstice, many places have the custom of "sacrifice to the field woman" and pick new grains to recommend to ancestors. June is the sweltering season, which makes people susceptible to diseases. Therefore, many customs focus on summer activities to resist the heat, which includes the significance of protecting productivity. On June 6th, Tiankuang Festival, farmers in many places offer sacrifices to the God of Grain in order to protect their farmland. The Begging for Skillful Festival, held on July 7th, is a custom of women begging for skillful tricks that evolved from the myth and legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl. It reflects the economic life of men farming and women weaving. August is the harvest time of the year, when farmers use new grains to reward their ancestors and household gods. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, there are customs of appreciating the moon, worshiping the moon, and appreciating osmanthus to celebrate the harvest. The frost festival in September is related to the quality of production in the coming year. On this day, there is a custom in various places to watch the weather and take advantage of the harvest. On October 1st, farmers in some areas celebrate the birthday of the Ox King. In Guangdong, there is a custom of "relaxing" the cows with ropes. This is a way of rewarding the cows during the slack period. It is actually a legacy of the ancient cow totem worship custom. In November, "the winter solstice is as big as the New Year", and farmers have the custom of watching the snow. As the saying goes, "it snows on nine days, and there is snow on all nine days." Heavy snow can freeze and kill pests, and farming will be prosperous in the coming year. This is the meaning of the proverb "winter snow is like a wheat quilt".

2. Pay attention to etiquette and combine customs with etiquette. Whenever important festivals come, people have to pay homage to their ancestors to express their memory. For example, during the Spring Festival, ancestor memorial tablets are enshrined, during the Cold Food Festival, during the Qingming Festival, tombs are swept, and the etiquette of "treating the dead as if they were alive" is concentratedly reflected in the festival ancestor worship. The Qingming Festival was originally a folk custom. It was included in the etiquette during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and became a custom. Since the custom of lighting up lanterns during the Lantern Festival was formed in the Han Dynasty, lighting up and viewing lanterns has been a major event in all dynasties. Feudal rulers advocated festival customs, elevated customs to etiquette, and educated the people with etiquette, which accelerated the spread and development of festivals and also incorporated festivals into the track of feudal ethics.

3. The unity of inheritance and variability. Chinese festivals have the general characteristics of inheritance and variability of folk culture. Once a festival is formed, it will have a relative independence and stability and be passed down from generation to generation. Sometimes, although social conditions have changed, the shadow of ancient customs still remains, which is an important manifestation of the inheritance of the festival. Chinese festival culture is rooted in thousands of years... >>

Question 2: Briefly describe the main types of folk customs of annual festivals. Annual festivals are adapted to the periodic changes in weather and phenology. A specific time that is agreed upon in people's social activities and has certain customary activities. [1] Annual festivals are an important part of people’s social life. In traditional Chinese society, annual festival customs have always been the backbone of folk customs. There are obvious differences in the understanding of the cultural significance of annual festivals between traditional societies and contemporary societies, but both attach great importance to the social service significance of annual festival folk customs.

Traditional annual festivals are the product of the harmony between natural time and social life time, and are a life rhythm system formed under a certain ecological environment. Since the formation of the annual festival system since the Han and Wei dynasties, it has become an important part of people's annual life. Most of people's production, sacrifice, commemoration, social interaction, entertainment and other activities are carried out based on the annual festival. It regulates people's production and life rhythms, integrates complex social interpersonal relationships, adjusts people's spiritual mood, and becomes the social basis for people's time life. As Mr. Zhong Jingwen said: Festival "With the development of people's abilities and intelligence and the passage of time, this traditional culture has become more and more rich and colorful. It not only meets the people's certain life requirements, but also promotes and It consolidates the social order. It uniquely fulfills a cultural function.” [2]

The annual festival not only plays an important role in the traditional life of the Chinese people, but also rivals the long history of the Chinese annual festival. What is more important is that China has a rich accumulation of cultural materials. Since "Jingchu Chronicles", China has a basically complete series of folklore documents of the ages, as well as a large number of miscellaneous historical materials such as notes, and rich field materials. In the past two decades, Chinese scholars have used these materials to conduct fruitful work on traditional festival folk customs, opened up many new fields, and published many innovative academic papers. Of course, due to the limitations of various subjective and objective conditions, there is still a large academic space that needs to be expanded in the field of annual festival research.

Question 3: What are the types of traditional Chinese annual festivals? The folk customs of annual festivals are a social and cultural phenomenon with broad content and coverage. Festivals can be divided into agricultural festivals, religious festivals, traditional ethnic festivals, etc. The content of folk activities can be divided into two categories: single and comprehensive. Singleness refers to the simple purpose of festival activities; comprehensive festival refers to the diversity of festival purposes, including many folk activities. Tianjin people are very particular about annual festivals, emphasizing luxury, pomp and prosperity, and do not hesitate to spend money and manpower. The festivals are held according to the lunar calendar every year and are still followed today. The spring festival is the beginning of spring, which is the first of the twenty-four solar terms in the lunar calendar. Chinese people regard it as the beginning of spring. Later, the people regarded it as a festival and renamed it "Dachun", which used "whipping the spring cattle" to urge farmers to work. Spring Cow Fighting was originally a prayer activity held by farmers to pray for a good harvest. Later, it was introduced to cities and became an important folk activity for people to pray for blessings and ward off troubles while also entertaining themselves. The beaten spring cows are divided into paper cows and clay cows. It is made by the local governor or the more prestigious elders in the village. On the first day of spring, the spring cow is placed in an open field, and people are led to circle around the spring cow three times and then worship the cow. Then the cow is beaten three times with a whip wrapped in silk, which is called "spring cow beating" to urge people to return to the earth in spring and cultivate quickly. Whether it is a clay cow or a paper cow, the skeleton is first tied with bamboo, iron wire, wicker, etc., and is either made of mud or paper. If it is a clay cow, the mud on the cow must be removed when hunting the spring cow, and the skeleton must be burned like a paper cow. At that time, people will set off firecrackers and beat gongs and drums to welcome the arrival of spring. Dressing up as a spring woman is a process that takes place two or three days before the beginning of spring when some good people put makeup on their faces and act coy and ugly. People jokingly call them "Chun Po". Grabbing food and drinks in the market is called "spring woman grabbing spring". People who dress up as spring officials are people who like to have fun. They usually invite some bald people to dress up, wear gauze hats and red official clothes, and ride on the back of an ox to perform. Sometimes they are dragged off the back of the cow, and sometimes their gauze hats are thrown off, revealing their bald heads. , making people laugh. Ying Aomang is the god of light that welcomes the beginning of spring. Aomang is usually dressed up by real people. Their costumes are based on the calendar of each year, and they change from time to time. Sometimes they don’t wear a bamboo hat, sometimes they wear mango shoes, or they are barefooted or barefooted. wait. It is used to predict the amount of rain in the coming year, what the weather will be like, etc. On the day of spring, people pay attention to eating spring cakes and fried spring rolls. Some families even make spring willows, which is to use egg slices and cut them into shreds, and mix them with spring leeks cut into small pieces. People also pay attention to eating purple-heart radish, which is called "biting spring". It is said that eating radish can prevent people from feeling sleepy for a year. Nowadays, only dietary customs are retained among the people. Folk activities such as hunting spring cows, dressing up as spring women, dressing up as spring officials, and welcoming the awnings all gradually disappeared after the 1920s. However, traces of this custom can be found in Yangliuqing paintings or some daily auspicious paintings. Spring Festival The Spring Festival is the most grand and lively national festival with ancient traditions in China. The word "Spring Festival" has different meanings in ancient and modern times. In the Qin and Han Dynasties, it generally referred to the Spring Festival after the beginning of spring. It was rarely used after the Wei and Jin Dynasties. After the Revolution of 1911, the Gregorian calendar was implemented, with January 1st as the New Year, and the lunar calendar (lunar calendar) changed to the first day of the first lunar month. It’s the Spring Festival, and it remains with us to this day. In terms of modern meaning, the term Spring Festival has two concepts. One is in a narrow sense, which only refers to the first day of the first lunar month, commonly known as "New Year's Day" among the people; the other is in a broad sense, which generally refers to the first day of the first lunar month. The customary "New Year" activities from the first day of the Lunar New Year to the fifth day of the new year last for five or six days. Tianjin folk customarily use it not only in a broad sense, but also as they begin to be busy with the New Year as soon as they enter the twelfth lunar month, making various preparations for the New Year. There is a folk saying: "After the Laba Festival, it is the New Year." The activities of celebrating the New Year actually start on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month and last until the 16th day of the first lunar month. This is a period of nearly 40 days where people celebrate the New Year or engage in New Year-related activities. The concept of Spring Festival is richer and longer than the broad sense. Tianjin people love liveliness, which prompts people to devote great enthusiasm and interest to New Year activities.

In the old days, not only wealthy businessmen celebrated the New Year, but ordinary poor people also tried to eat dumplings to spend this moment of bidding farewell to the old and welcoming the new. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Communist Party of China stipulated a three-day Spring Festival holiday. To this day, people still spend their energy and financial resources on the preparations for the New Year as they did in the past, in order to prepare rich and complete food, clothing and supplies, and create a warm and prosperous New Year atmosphere. The first thing to do during the busy New Year is to prepare... >>

Question 4: What are the folk customs of the year? Festival folk customs are gradually accumulated by people of all ethnic groups in their long-term production and life practices. cultural wealth. Various folk cultural heritages such as folk beliefs, folk literature, folk art, astronomy and calendar are preserved there. It not only plays a huge role in people's lives, but also has folklore research value.

Question 5: What are the traditional Chinese festivals and when are they? New Year’s Eve time: the last day of the lunar year, that is, December 30, December is the symbol of the major traditional festivals

The small moon is on the twenty-nine, and the big moon is on the thirty.

Spring Festival time: from the first day of the first lunar month to the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.

Lantern Festival time: the 15th day of the first lunar month

Dragon Boat Festival time: the fifth day of the fifth lunar month

Mid-Autumn Festival time: the 15th day of the eighth lunar month

Double Ninth Festival time: the ninth day of the ninth lunar month

Little New Year time: the twenty-third day of the twelfth lunar month

Question 6: Do festival culture and festival folk customs mean the same thing? I don’t think they are the same thing. Things don’t mean the same thing.

Festival culture refers to a festival procedure and the cultural meaning contained in it. For example, during the Tomb Sweeping Day, Chinese people visit graves to pay homage, which reflects a culture of being careful about the future and worshiping ancestors; if they go on a youth trip, it is a culture of getting close to nature and hiking.

Festival folk customs refer to those customs of folk festivals. Some have certain positive effects, some have no effect but are harmless, and some are indeed backward and harmful customs. People should change their customs and celebrate the festival in a civilized way. For example, visiting graves, planting trees and flowers is a good custom, kowtowing three times and bowing nine times is harmless, and burning waste is a bad custom.

Question 7: What are the traditional Chinese festivals and what are their customs? Laba Festival (the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month), New Year’s Eve (the last day of the twelfth lunar month), Spring Festival (the first day of the first lunar month)

Lantern Festival (the fifteenth day of the first lunar month) Cold Food Festival (the day before Qingming) Qingming Festival (the fifteenth day after the spring equinox)

Dragon Boat Festival (the fifth day of the fifth lunar month) Qixi Festival (the seventh day of the lunar calendar) The seventh day of the lunar month) The Ghost Festival (the fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month)

The Mid-Autumn Festival (the fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar calendar) The Double Ninth Festival (the ninth day of the ninth lunar month) The Xiayuan Festival (the fifteenth day of the tenth lunar month) )

About the time of traditional Chinese festivals/the origin of the festival and festival customs

When is the Laba Festival? About the origin and customs of the Laba Festival (the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month)

The twelfth month of the lunar calendar is commonly known as the twelfth lunar month. The eighth day of the twelfth lunar month (the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month) is the Laba Festival, which is customarily called Laba; Laba Festival. The festival has a long tradition and history in our country. Drinking and making Laba porridge on this day are the most traditional and exquisite customs of people all over the country. In history, a large number of poems and lyrics have emerged specifically for the "Laba Festival" .

When is New Year’s Eve? About the origins and customs of New Year's Eve (the last day of the twelfth lunar month)

New Year's Eve is one of the most important festivals among my country's traditional festivals. It refers to the night of the last day of the lunar year, that is, the night before the Spring Festival. Because it often falls on the 30th or 29th day of the twelfth lunar month, it is also called the New Year's Eve. The last day of the year is called "New Year's Eve" and that night is called "New Year's Eve". People often stay up all night on New Year's Eve, which is called staying up all night. Su Shi's "Shou Sui": "Children are forced not to sleep, but stay up all night and rejoice." On New Year's Eve, not only must the outside of the home be cleaned clean, but also door gods, Spring couplets, New Year pictures, and door cages must be posted. Then put on new clothes with festive colors and patterns.

When is the Spring Festival? About the origins and customs of the Spring Festival (the first day of the first lunar month in the lunar calendar)

The Spring Festival, also known as the Lunar New Year, is commonly known as the Chinese New Year, and generally refers to New Year's Eve and the first day of the first lunar month. But in the folk, the Spring Festival in the traditional sense refers to the twelfth lunar month on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, or the twelfth lunar month on the 23rd or 24th day of the twelfth lunar month, until the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, of which New Year's Eve and the first day of the first lunar month are the dates. The Spring Festival has a long history, originating from the activities of worshiping gods and ancestors at the beginning and end of the year during the Yin and Shang Dynasties. During the Spring Festival, China's Han and many ethnic minorities hold various activities to celebrate. These activities mainly focus on offering sacrifices to gods and Buddhas, paying homage to ancestors, eradicating the old and bringing in the new, welcoming the new year and blessings, and praying for a good harvest. The activities are rich and colorful with strong national characteristics.

When is the Lantern Festival? About the origins and customs of the Lantern Festival (the fifteenth day of the first lunar month)

The Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, also known as "the Lantern Festival" (the Lantern Festival), is a Chinese folk tradition. festival.

The first lunar month is the first month of the lunar calendar, which the ancients called "Xiao", and the 15th is the first full-moon night of the year, so the 15th day of the first lunar month is called the Lantern Festival. Also known as Xiaozhengyue, Lantern Festival or Lantern Festival, it is the first important festival after the Spring Festival. China has a vast territory and a long history, so the customs of the Lantern Festival are different across the country. Among them, eating Yuanxiao, admiring lanterns, dragon dancing, and lion dancing are some of the important folk customs of the Lantern Festival.

When is the Cold Food Festival? About the origins and customs of the Cold Food Festival (the day before Qingming)

The Cold Food Festival is also known as the "No Smoking Festival", "Cold Festival" and "Hundred-Five Festival". It occurs one hundred and five days after the winter solstice in the lunar calendar. One or two days before Qingming Festival. On the first day of the festival, no fireworks are allowed and only cold food is eaten. In the development of later generations, customs such as sweeping sacrifices, outings, swings, Cuju, lead hooks, and cockfighting were gradually added. The Cold Food Festival lasted for more than two thousand years and was once known as the largest folk festival. The Cold Food Festival is the only traditional festival of the Han nationality that is named after food customs.

When is the Qingming Festival? About the origins and customs of Qingming Festival (fifteen days after the Spring Equinox)

Qingming Festival falls on April 4 or 5 in the Gregorian calendar every year. It is one of the twenty-four solar terms in the lunar calendar, at the turn of mid-spring and late spring. , which is 106 days after the winter solstice. The traditional Qingming Festival of the Chinese Han people began around the Zhou Dynasty and has a history of more than 2,500 years. "Almanac": "On the fifteenth day after the spring equinox, when the fighting fingers are ding, it is the Qingming Festival. At that time, everything is clean and clear. At this time, the air is clear and the scenery is bright, and everything is visible, hence the name." Once the Qingming Festival comes, the temperature rises, It is a good time for spring plowing and spring planting, so there is a saying that "before and after the Qingming Festival, plant melons and beans." Qingming Festival is a festival for worshiping ancestors, and the traditional activity is tomb sweeping. On May 20, 2006, this folk festival was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists.

When is the Dragon Boat Festival? About the origins and customs of the Dragon Boat Festival (the fifth day of the fifth lunar month)

The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar every year. 5. The Chongwu Festival, the Noonday Festival, and the Summer Festival were originally part of the summer... >>

Question 8: Characteristics of festival folk customs during the Qi and Lu years. The source of Qi culture is Zunxian (Shang ) attack is a relatively open mind. Mainly divided into: enriching the country and strengthening the army in the military, being eclectic in thinking, focusing on economic development, and being simple and practical in etiquette. It is a profit-oriented culture.

The source of Lu culture is Qin Qin Shan En, which is a relatively conservative ideological culture. Paying attention to etiquette is the predecessor of Confucian culture. Pay more attention to social etiquette. It is a culture that respects etiquette. But the practicality is not strong. Traditional culture is benevolence and propriety. Pay attention to human relations, principles, patriarchal laws, and order stability.

Hope it will be adopted

Question 9: Main reasons for the emergence of Chinese annual festivals 1. The emergence and importance of Chinese annual festival folk customs

Chinese annual festivals Folk custom has a long history. Because of its specific cultural connotation and unique national personality, it has become a bright and wonderful flower in the garden of Chinese traditional culture.

(1) The emergence and development of traditional festival folk customs

Chinese culture is extensive, profound and has a long history. As an important part of Chinese traditional culture, festival folk customs are a social and cultural phenomenon with broad content and coverage. It refers to people’s customs at a certain relative stage or specific day in the year. Social activities with commemorative or folk significance are formed in life, and various folk phenomena are inherited from them. Generally speaking, it has gone through five development periods: the pre-Qin period. As far as festival customs are concerned, many festival elements have sprouted as early as ancient times; they were finalized in the Han Dynasty. In the Han Dynasty, major Chinese festivals such as New Year's Eve, New Year's Day, Lantern Festival, Shangsi, Hanshi, Dragon Boat Festival, Chinese Valentine's Day, Double Ninth Festival, etc. were basically finalized; the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties merged. The great migration and integration of ethnic groups during this period promoted the great exchange of ethnic cultures and promoted the integration and development of festival culture; the peak period of the Tang and Song Dynasties. The prosperity of social economy and culture in the Tang and Song Dynasties promoted the development of festival culture; the Ming and Qing Dynasties were stable periods. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, the development of festivals was relatively slow. During the Liao, Jin and Yuan dynasties, some ethnic minority customs were incorporated. After the annual festivals formed a system, they gradually adjusted people's production and life rhythms, coordinated complex social interpersonal relationships, and adjusted people's spiritual moods. They became an important segment symbol of people's annual time life, and also became the basis of people's time life. social basis. Over the years, most of people's production, sacrifice, commemoration, social interaction, entertainment and other activities have been carried out in conjunction with the annual festival.

(2) The importance of traditional New Year festival folk customs

New Year festival folk customs are conceived under the constraints of the unique natural environment, economic methods, social structure, political system and other factors of the Chinese nation. , occurred and inherited, has rich cultural connotation and unique national personality. It is filled with strong oriental cultural colors. It not only regulates people's production and life rhythms, integrates complex social interpersonal relationships, and adjusts people's spiritual moods, but also carries rich national emotions. It is the cohesion and centripetal force of our nation. manifestation. This is also an important reason why descendants of the Yan and Huang Dynasty living overseas "think about their loved ones even more during festive seasons."

Nowadays, traditional festivals have not only become a sustenance and release point for people's emotions, but also are very important for the popularization, continuation and development of national cultural spirit, for cultivating national psychological identity and pride, enhancing national cohesion, and strengthening and prospering socialist cultural construction. significance.

2. The Current Situation of Traditional Chinese New Year Festival Folk Customs

Today, with the surging wave of globalization, reform and opening up, and the deepening of foreign exchanges, Chinese traditional New Year Festival Folk Customs have emerged. A worrying situation.

(1) The traditional folk customs of annual festivals are gradually being diluted

First of all, the wave of globalization is sweeping across China, and its impact is not only limited to the economy and international affairs. In terms of communication, nowadays, the issue of cultural globalization is becoming increasingly prominent. There is no doubt that in the face of this surging wave of globalization, the traditional Chinese festival folk culture with a long history will also be affected by this wave. In a sense, the process of cultural globalization has accelerated the dilution of traditional Chinese festival folk customs.

Secondly, China’s more than thirty years of reform, opening up and economic construction have achieved world-renowned achievements. People have said goodbye to hunger, cold and poverty, solved the problem of food and clothing, and gradually moved towards a comprehensive moderately prosperous society. China's traditional annual festivals mostly revolve around functions such as eating, entertainment, and reunions. With the improvement of people's living standards and cultural literacy, these functions of traditional festivals tend to fade, which will inevitably lead to a weakening of people's concepts and awareness, and also make people Traditional festivals have gradually lost their original strong allure and influence. Specifically, people are no longer enthusiastic about traditional Chinese annual festivals, such as the Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as the Qingming Festival, Double Ninth Festival, etc., but are quietly downplaying them.

(2) The impact of Western festivals has intensified the trend of dilution of traditional annual festivals

Since the reform and opening up, cultural exchanges between China and the West have become increasingly frequent, and Chinese people have more opportunities to come into contact with Western culture. . Western festivals such as Christmas and Valentine's Day have taken the opportunity to open the door to Chinese culture and have been highly praised. They not only occupy a place in China, but also have the potential to surpass traditional festivals such as the Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. Especially in recent years, more and more Chinese people, especially young people, are particularly keen on Western festivals with their unique carnival and romantic atmosphere. Western festivals have gradually become... >>

Question 10: What does folklore mean? Folklore, also known as folk culture, refers to relatively stable cultural matters that are gradually formed and passed down from generation to generation by a nation or a social group in the long-term production practice and social life. It can be simply summarized as popular folk customs, custom.

China is a country with a long history of folk customs and traditions. Among the various ethnic groups born and raised in China, there are various folk customs and cultures created by the broad masses of the people and passed down from generation to generation. These folk customs not only enrich people's lives, but also increase national cohesion.

Folklore originated from the needs of human social group life, and has been continuously formed, expanded and evolved in various ethnic groups, eras and regions to serve people's daily lives. Folk custom is such a basic force that comes from the people, is inherited by the people, regulates the people, and is deeply embedded in the people's behavior, language and psychology.

The fundamental attribute of folklore is patterning and typology, from which a series of other attributes are derived. What is modeled must not be individual, but is naturally the same within a certain range. This is the collective nature of folk customs: folk customs are jointly created or accepted by groups and jointly followed.