Ginkgo is China's unique and rich economic plant resources. The outer bark is used to extract tannins. The wood is light yellow, delicate, light and soft, and is used for construction, furniture, carving and other handicrafts. It is also a garden tree and a street tree. The seeds contain hydrocyanic acid, histaminic acid, protein and so on. Seed kernel for food, more food poisoning, Chinese medicine to the seeds and leaves can be medicinal, flat, bitter taste, a small poison. [11] Eating ginkgo nuts, children usually eat about 20 in a row, adults eat about 50 in a row will be at risk of poisoning. The way to prevent ginkgo poisoning is to cook it before eating it, but the toxins of boiled ginkgo are still not completely destroyed, so it is not advisable to eat too much of it. Also drinking water with ginkgo biloba leaves is also dangerous. It has been found that ginkgo biloba has a component ginkgolic acid, which can damage the heart if used in too large a dose or taken for a longer period of time. [12]
Edible value
White fruit, nourishing and prolonging life, ginkgo was listed as a royal tribute in the Song Dynasty. Japanese people have the habit of consuming white fruit daily. Westerners must have white fruit at Christmas. In terms of the way of consumption, ginkgo is mainly fried, roasted, boiled, with vegetables, pastries, preserves, canned food, drinks and alcohol. However, improper dosage and eating methods of consuming white fruits can cause poisoning. (Mainly refers to the case of excessive amount of food) In order to prevent ginkgo poisoning, cooked food and less food is its fundamental method. Raw food (shell, membrane heart) adults master in 5 ~ 7, children according to age and weight per 2 ~ 5, every 4 hours after the interval can be taken again. Raw food must go to the shell to remove the red soft membrane, go to the heart (germ). If cooked, 20~30 capsules each time is appropriate, such as shelling, removing the red soft membrane, removing the embryo cooking, even if the dose is larger, it is not toxic. Sexual flavors and attributes are flat, sweet, bitter and astringent, with a small poison; it enters the lung and kidney meridians. It can astringe the lung qi, fix asthma and coughing, stop the turbidity of the belt, narrow the bowels, disinfect and kill worms. It can be used in the treatment of asthma, phlegm and coughing, dreaming, leucorrhoea, leucorrhea, pediatric diarrhea, worm accumulation, intestinal wind, gonorrhea, frequent urination, as well as scabies, varicose sores, leucomatous fungus and other diseases. Nutritional composition per 100 grams of protein 6.4 grams, fat 2.4 grams, 36 grams of carbohydrates, crude fiber 1.2 grams, 52 grams of sucrose, reducing sugar 1.1, calcium 10 mg, phosphorus 218 mg, 1 mg of iron, 320 micrograms of carotenoids, 50 micrograms of riboflavin, as well as the fruit of the white fruit, the fruit of the white fruit of alcohol, the fruit of the white fruit of alcohol, white fruit acid and other ingredients. Therapeutic effects 1. Antibacterial and bactericidal Fructus alba contains Fructus alba acid, Fructus alba phenol, experiments have proved that there are bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect, can be used for the treatment of respiratory tract infectious diseases. Fructus alba fruit water immersion on a variety of fungi have different degrees of inhibition, can stop itching and cure ringworm. 2, dispel disease cough white fruit taste sweet and bitter, with astringent lung gas, set the efficacy of wheezing and coughing, for lung disease cough, the elderly frail body asthma and various asthma phlegm, have auxiliary therapeutic effect. 3, anti-flooding insect inhibition ginkgo biloba
White fruit contained in the outer testa of the white fruit acid and white fruit phenol, etc., have anti-tuberculosis mycobacteria. White fruit with oil immersion on tubercle bacillus has a strong inhibitory effect, with lettuce oil immersion in fresh fruit, to improve the symptoms of tuberculosis caused by fever, night sweats, coughing and hemoptysis, loss of appetite and other symptoms have a certain effect. Therefore, it can be used to treat tuberculosis. 4, stop the band turbidity, shrink stool Modern medical research found that obscene fruits have contraction of the bladder sphincter effect. For pediatric enuresis, gas deficiency urinary frequency, with white turbidity, spermatorrhea, etc., has the role of adjuvant therapy. 5. Reduce serum cholesterol, expand coronary arteries Ginkgo biloba contains mangiferolic acid, bilobalamin, isobilobalamin, sterols, etc., in recent years, used in the treatment of hypertension and coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, cerebral vasospasm, serum cholesterol and other conditions have a certain effect.
Medicinal value
The medicinal use of ginkgo biloba is mainly embodied in three aspects of medicine, pesticides and veterinary medicine. Li Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty once said, "It enters the lung meridian, benefits the spleen and qi, fixes wheezing and coughing, and reduces stool." The Qing Dynasty Zhang Lulu's "Ben Jing Feng Yuan" in the white fruit has the function of reducing phlegm, clearing toxins, killing insects, can treat "scabies, gangrene and tumors, carbuncles and ulcers, dental caries, pediatric diarrhea, reddish-white leucorrhoea, chronic gonorrhea, spermatorrhea and urination and so on". Ming Dynasty, Jiangsu, Sichuan and other places had appeared with the white fruit concocted Chinese medicine, used in clinical practice.
Economic value
Ginkgo unripe ginkgo fruit
Also known as white fruit, belongs to the dry fruit category, the economic results of the years up to thousands of years. Among the many dried fruits, ginkgo ranks third in economic value. The value of white fruit is mainly in edible and medicinal use. China's white fruit production accounted for 90% of the world's total output, ginkgo biloba, fruit is an important product for exporting foreign exchange, especially to prevent high blood pressure, heart disease, an important pharmaceutical raw materials, ginkgo biloba leaf extracts can be "defense of the heart, to protect the brain". Known chemical composition of ginkgo biloba chemical extracts up to more than 160 kinds. Mainly flavonoids, terpenes, phenols, alkaloids, polyisoprene, quinic acid, linoleic acid, pyridoxine, ascorbic acid, a - has been enal, albuterol, albuterol, albuterol and so on. The medicinal use of Baiguo is mainly reflected in 3 aspects of medicine, pesticide and veterinary medicine. [13] Ginkgo was listed as a royal tribute in the Song Dynasty. Japanese people have the habit of consuming white fruit every day. Westerners must have white fruit at Christmas. In terms of the way of consumption, ginkgo is mainly fried, roasted, boiled, served with vegetables, pastries, preserves, canned food, beverages and alcohol. Li Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty once said, "It enters the lung meridian, benefits the spleen and qi, settles wheezing and coughing, and reduces stool." Qing Dynasty Zhang Lulu's "Ben Jing Feng Yuan" in the white fruit has to lower phlegm, clear the poison, insecticide function, can treat "scabies, gangrene tumors, carbuncle ulcers, dental caries, children's diarrhea, red and white leucorrhoea, chronic gonorrhea, spermatorrhea and urination, etc.". Ming dynasty jiangsu, sichuan and other places had appeared with white fruit concoction of Chinese medicine, used in clinical practice. Function of astringent lung asthma, the main treatment of phlegm asthma cough, spermatorrhea, with lower, frequent urination and so on. Ginkgo outer seed coat contains a large number of hydrogenated white fruit acid and ginkgo flavonoids. Ginkgo has the role of regulating the respiratory organs, the water-soluble components of the outer bark has a good cough expectorant effect, the nature of its role and cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone similar. Because ginkgo contains ginkgolic acid, for tuberculosis bacillus, skin fungi, etc. has a strong inhibitory effect, therefore, can be used for the treatment of tuberculosis, skin diseases, etc.; The outer dermal alcohol intermediates of 22 kinds of common clinical pathogenic fungi inhibition efficiency of 81%. 0.1% of the hydrogenated leucocyanidic acid inhibition of 25 kinds of clinically pathogenic fungi of the effective rate of 92%. Ginkgo biloba has important medicinal value. Ginkgo biloba, bitter, sweet, astringent and flat, containing double flavonoids, experimental and clinical evidence, it has lowered serum cholesterol, expansion of coronary arteries, for coronary heart disease, hypertension has a certain auxiliary therapeutic effect; Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Botany, and other units in the 60's with ginkgo biloba developed Shuxu Xuning injections, the test of coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, cerebrovascular disease has a certain therapeutic effect. Ginkgo's exocarp extract has an inhibition rate of 88%-100% against 11 kinds of plant pathogens such as apple anthracnose. Alcohol extract of silk cotton golden geometrid within 3 days control rate of 100%, while the control of leaf mites, peach aphids, stem borers and other pests. According to "Folk Veterinary Materia Medica", ginkgo preparations can cure livestock labor injury hanging nose, lung carbuncle coughing, coughing lung deficiency, urination, urine and blood, leucorrhoea in female animals and other diseases. Shandong animal husbandry medical station developed by the fixed gasp soup, the treatment of chicken infectious laryngotracheitis, the cure rate of 95%. Ginkgo biloba can also be used as a pesticide. Add 1kg of leaves with 20kg of water, boil for 30 minutes, and then soak for 2-3 days, take its liquid spray red spider, cabbage greenfly insect prevention rate of 90% or more, and no residue. Ginkgo
The use of ginkgo fruit and leaves of the effective chemical composition and special medicine and health care role of processing and production of health food, drugs and cosmetics, is caused by domestic and foreign research, development, production units of the attention of the many enterprises in various countries are competing to develop and produce ginkgo as raw material for the production of natural and green products, alternative to synthetic chemicals that have greater side effects on human health. Jiangsu Dafeng ginkgo base has more than 10 centimeters of 20,000 plants using ginkgo biloba developed ginkgo biloba drinks, ginkgo peach juice, ginkgo beer, ginkgo tea and other health products have been circulating in the market. Pizhou City, Jiangsu Province is in the advanced ranks in the cultivation of ginkgo biloba and the production of processed extracts (GBE). Ginkgo and Ginkgo biloba are used to make health pillows, as recorded in the Pillow Record: Selected more than three ages of Ginkgo biloba and other valuable herbs are formulated into Ginkgo biloba health pillows. Light fragrance, can improve human respiration, improve sleep quality, long-term use can prevent and treat cardiovascular disease. Prevent adults due to blood vessels, caused by hypertension, stroke, diabetes, etc., can make adults, especially in middle-age and old age to maintain a normal cardiac output and normal nervous system function of natural substances, so that people as far as possible to maintain a normal cell life cycle. Ginkgo has a straight trunk and the wood is a high grade material for musical instruments and furniture. Ginkgo wood is high-quality, expensive, known as "silver incense wood" or "silver wood". Ginkgo wood texture with glossy, straight grain, fine structure, easy to process, not warping, strong corrosion resistance, easy to paint, digging nail force is small, and has a special medicinal flavor, strong moth resistance. Ginkgo biloba wood in addition to the production of carved plaques and wood fish and other crafts, can also be made into cabinets, desks and other high-level furniture. Ginkgo biloba wood with *** sound, conductivity and rich elasticity, is the ideal material for making musical instruments. Can make mapping instruments, pens and other cultural goods, but also the production of chessboards, chess pieces, sports equipment, seals and small crafts of wood. In industrial production, silver wood is most suitable for the production of X-ray machine filter plate, textile printing and dyeing rolls, machine molds and stripped lacquerware wood molds, plywood, cutting boards, wooden phone and so on. Ginkgo is recognized as a greening, landscaping and ornamental value of economic forest trees. Ginkgo tree posture majestic and magnificent, beautiful leaf shape, long life, less pests and diseases, the most suitable for shade trees, street trees or ornamental trees. It has good ornamental value. Ginkgo summer a green, golden yellow in the fall, giving people a handsome and majestic, noble and elegant feeling. Therefore, ancient and modern Chinese and foreign countries are ginkgo as a garden, walkway, garden greening important tree species. Ginkgo used for street greening, should choose male plants, so as to avoid seed pollution pedestrian clothing. China's earliest cities with ginkgo as street trees when push Dandong City, there are three streets on both sides of the century for the ginkgo.
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