The Artemisia vulgaris is full of reed buds, and it is the time when the river dolphins want to go up. From the poem "Dawn Scene of Spring River in Huichong" by Su Shi, a Song Dynasty writer, a poem on the duck play painted by Huichong during Su Shi's stay in Jiangyin in the eighth year of Yuanfeng (1085). The original poem **** two. Huichong was a famous painter and monk of the Song Dynasty, one of the so-called "Nine Monks" of Ouyang Xiu. He was good at painting, especially at painting geese, geese, herons and small scenes. Evening Scene on the Spring River is one of his masterpieces. According to the painting, Su Shi's brilliant brushwork, a few strokes, sketched out a vibrant scene of early spring February.
The original text of the work
Dawn Scene of Spring River in Huichong
Su Shi
One of them
Three or two branches of peach blossoms outside the bamboo, and a duck is the first to recognize the warmth of the water in the spring river.
The artemisia vulgaris is full of reed buds, and it is the time when the river dolphin wants to go up.
The second
Two or two of them want to break the flock, and they still look like people returning from the north.
It is known that there are many winds and snowfalls in the desert, so I will wait for half a month's spring in the south of the Yangtze River.
Notes
(1) Artemisia vulgaris: the name of grass, there are Artemisia annua, Artemisia alba and other species. Poetry "Yo Yo deer singing, eat wild artemisia."
(2) reed buds: young buds of reeds, edible.
(3) puffer fish: a kind of fish, scientific name "triggerfish", meat flavor, but the ovaries and liver is highly toxic. Produced in China's coastal and some inland rivers. Every spring, it goes up against the river and spawns in fresh water. Jiangyin is known as the "death to eat puffer fish" allusion.
(4) Up: to go up against the river.
(5) Returning Hong: Returning geese.
(6) Breaking the flock: leaving the flying flock.
(7) Yiyi: the appearance of not giving up. In the Chu Songs, "Lovesickness and Yi-Yi."
(8) Returning People: people who go home. Liu Changqing's poem "The dog barks at the wood door, and the man returns home at night in the wind and snow".
(9) Shuo Desert: the desert land in the north. Du Fu's poem: "Once I go to the Purple Terrace, it is connected to the Shuo Desert."
Translation of the work
One of them
Two or three branches of peach blossoms were in bloom outside the bamboo forest, and ducks were playing in the water; they were the first to notice the warmth of the river in early spring. The river bank is already full of Artemisia vulgaris, and the asparagus is beginning to bud, while the river dolphin is just about to swim against the current from the sea back to the river.
The second
The geese flew northward, as those who are going back to their homes in the north do, but because of their attachment, they almost fell off the wagon. Even before they fly to the north, they already know that the desert in the north is full of wind and snow, so it's better to spend another half-month of spring time in Jiangnan.
Background
Evening Scene on the Spring River by Huichong is a poem written by Su Shi during his stay in Jiangyin in the eighth year of the Yuanfeng era (1085), in honor of the duck scene painted by Huichong. Su Shi's poems are rich in content and wide-ranging in material, including figures, landscapes, birds and animals, flowers, wood and stone, and religious stories. These works clearly reflect Su Shi's robust and bold, fresh and bright artistic style, showing Su Shi's flexibility and ease of mastery of the art of poetry and painting of the law of superior talent. The poem "Evening Scene of Spring River in Huichong" has been regarded as the representative work of Su Shi's painting poems.
Works Appreciation I
Painting with a distinctive image, so that people have a specific visual experience, but it can only show a specific picture, there are certain limitations. A good poem, though without visual images, can use figurative language to attract readers to enter a beautiful mood formed through the poet's unique conception to make up for what some pictures cannot show.
This poem on painting retains the figurative beauty of the picture and also plays to the strengths of the poem. With his flavorful and realistic brushwork, the poet shows the spring colors depicted in the original painting in such a mesmerizing way. While describing according to the picture, Su Shi had new ideas, thus making the beautiful image in the painting even more rich in poetic feelings and fascinating mood.
The poet first writes from the side: in early spring, the earth is recovering, the bamboo forest has been dyed by the new leaves into a tender green, more striking is the peach tree has bloomed three or two branches of peach blossoms, bright colors, to report to the people of the message of spring. Then, the poet's eyes from the river to the river, the ducks on the shore looking forward to a whole winter, has been unable to hold back, grabbing the water to play.
The poet wrote from the river to the river bank, more detailed observation and description of the early spring scene: because of the spring water moisture, full of Artemisia vulgaris grow new branches, reed buds spitting tip; all of this shows the vigor of the spring, people love. The poet further associates that this is the time for the fattening and listing of puffer fish, which attracts broader reverie. The whole poem is full of a strong and fresh breath of life.
This is a poem with a painting title. Hu Chong's "Evening Scene on the Spring River" has not been handed down, but from Su Shi's poem, we can think of a general idea: a bamboo forest, three or two branches of peach blossoms, a river, a few ducks, a riverbank full of piper betel artemisia, the reed buds have just broken through the soil, and there are still two or two returning Hongs in the sky. Puffer fish is not visible, is the gluttonous Su Shi in thought: puffer fish should come up, with Artemisia vulgaris and reed buds a stew, than the East Slope meat is much fresher.
Hui Chong for the early Song Dynasty "nine poetic monks" one, and Su Shi is not a person of the era. Su Shi is only see his paintings, not see his person. This monk is good at poetry and painting, especially good at painting the water country, and then put a few birds and animals, known as "Huichong small scene".
Wang Anshi admired his paintings, in the "pure Fu out of the monk Huichong paintings to give poetry" in praise of: "the history of the painting of a number of what is enough to count, Huichong in his later years, I am the most recognized."
The Ming and Qing dynasties have only Tang poetry in their eyes, never put Song poetry in their eyes. During the Kangxi period, Mao Xiling, a great scholar and poet, criticized Su Shi's poem, saying, "The water in the spring river is warm, so the ducks should know that the geese don't know."
This old man is really a bit blind.
This old man is a bit of an ass. The Song dynasty also has a poem "Spring has come to the earth, the grass and trees know". The poem is a poem about a painting, and there may not be any geese on the painting at all.
But Mao Xiling didn't just have a problem with Su Shi, he couldn't stand anyone. He read Zhu Zi, around have to put a scarecrow Zhu Xi, see him where the solution is not right, to even beat with scolding, have to let this scarecrow Zhu Xi recognize the error. Su Shi, has been polite enough.
Famous Chinese painting historian Guo Ruoxu said he "work painting geese, geese, herons, especially small scenes, good for the cold river islets. The landscape of the Xiao Shui void, people are difficult to get to" ("Pictorial insights" Volume IV). It can be seen, huichong's painting is famous for a while, and "evening scene of spring river" (qian zhongshu "selected poems of song" as "evening scene") should be his favorite works of excellence. Huichong's original painting has been lost, but from the poet's evocative description, we can imagine the scene. The Northern Song poet Chao Shuizhi said, "Poetry transmits the meaning outside the painting, but the state in the painting is precious." （Su Shi's poem is wonderful in that it can both write the "state of the painting" and convey the "meaning outside the painting", so that the poetic mood and pictorial meaning are perfectly combined.
Works Appreciation II
A good poem on painting should not only fit the theme of the painting, but also should not be restricted to the content of the picture, and should be able to reproduce the painting, but at the same time, it can also be out of the painting, and be different, and leave the painting without losing its independent artistic life. This poem can be said to have achieved this. The first three lines of the poem are about the scene of the painting, and the last line is about the association caused by the scene of the painting. The whole poem is like the poet's expression of his feelings in the scene, which is obtained in the moment, and the imagery is wonderful and natural. It is said that the first three lines reproduce the scene of the painting, but in fact the two are not exactly the same. In the second line, "the water is warm" (temperature), "the duck knows first" (perception) clouds, can not be directly painted. Poetry can depict like a painting, but the physicality of the poem is too much like a painting. This is because painting belongs to visual art, while poetry is language art, with absolute freedom of expression. The last sentence further play association, in the first three lines of the objective writing on the basis of the scene in the painting of the scene belongs to the seasonal judgment, thus adding the beauty of the southern scenery of the rich feeling, which is even more paintings can not be.
Relating to the seasonal flavor of the blowfish, the poem "Fan Raozhou sitting in the guest language to eat blowfish" is written in the first: "Spring Chau is born in Dixie buds, spring bank flying poplar flowers. Fugu (puffer fish) when the time is right, expensive not to count the fish and shrimp." Sixty-first Poetry said: "blowfish often out of the spring twilight, group swimming on the water, eating willow and fat, the South more and dixie buds for soup, the cloud is the most beautiful." Su Shi's students in the "Mingdao Magazine" also recorded that the Yangtze River area natives eat puffer fish, "but with Artemisia vulgaris, Ogi bamboo shoots (i.e., reed buds), woad three things" cooking, that these three and the puffer fish is the most suitable match. From this, we can see that Su Shi's association is well-founded and natural. The beauty of the poem also depends on this.
About the Author
Su Shi (1037-1101) was a writer, calligrapher and painter. He was also known as Zizhan (子瞻), also known as Wozhong (和仲), and was called Dongpo Jushi (东坡居士). Han nationality, Meishan, Meizhou (now belongs to Sichuan). With his father Su Xun, his brother Su Zhe, together known as the three Su. He was an all-rounder in literature and art. His writing is unrestrained, understandable, and Ouyang Xiu, known as Ou Su, one of the eight great masters of the Tang and Song dynasties; poetry is fresh and robust, making good use of hyperbole and metaphor, unique style in artistic expression, and Huang Tingjian, known as Suhuang; the word to open up a school of boldness and exuberance, which has a strong influence on the future generation, and Xin Qiji, known as Suhsin; calligraphy is good at the line, regular script, and can be self-innovated, with the pen full-bodied and tumbling, with the fun of the naive, and Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu, Caixiang and known as the four Song masters; painting, and painting, is known as the four Song masters. He was known as one of the Four Sung Schools; he studied painting in the same style as Wen, and was fond of making withered wood and strange stones. His poems and writings include "Seven Collections of Dongpo", and his lyrics include "Dongpo Lefu".