Freshwater lobsters raised in rice fields?

The yield of freshwater lobsters raised in rice fields can generally reach 400 to 500 kilograms per mu, and can reach 600 kilograms at high yields. Raising shrimp in rice fields can eat weeds and other aquatic organisms that consume fertilizer in the fields. It not only saves the labor of weeding, but also eliminates mosquitoes and flies that harm people and livestock. Moreover, shrimps are constantly moving and foraging in the rice fields, which not only helps the rice fields to loosen soil, provide running water, and ventilate the rice fields, but also increases the amount of dissolved oxygen in the field water. At the same time, they excrete a large amount of feces through metabolism, which has the effect of maintaining and increasing fertilizers. ?

1. Selection of rice fields?

To raise freshwater lobsters in rice fields, the water source should be sufficient, not affected by droughts and floods, the water quality should be fresh and pollution-free, and the soil should be fertile and have good water retention properties. Although the water quality of some mountain streams or springs in rice fields with sufficient sunshine is relatively poor and the water temperature is relatively low, if it can have a long flow or pass through rice fields where shrimps are not raised, and then flow into rice fields where shrimps are cultured, the water temperature will increase and it is suitable. Raising shrimp. ?

2. Transformation of rice fields?

In order to facilitate production management and daily feeding, the area between drainage channels is generally regarded as a breeding area. Dig a circulation buffer ditch with a depth of 0.5~0.6 meters and a width of 1.0~1.2 meters 0.6 meters away from the inner side of the surrounding ridge, and turn all the soil onto the side ridge, so that the side ridge reaches a height of 0.8~1.0 meters and a top width of 0.6~0.8 rice. The side ridges should be compacted and the inner slope should be leveled. At the same time, a plastic film should be used to enclose a closed protective wall on the inside of the ridge top. The height of the fence above ground is 0.4~0.5 meters, and it is buried 0.1~0.2 meters underground. Anti-escape nets should be set up at the upper and lower inlets and drainage outlets. ?

In order to facilitate shallow irrigation, drying, application of chemical fertilizers, pesticides or fishing in rice fields, shrimp ditches and shrimp ponds must be dug in shrimp farming rice fields. The shrimp ditch can be dug after transplanting the rice seedlings. The method of digging should depend on the shape and size of the field and the direction of the drainage outlet. If the rice field is small, it can be opened in the shape of a "field"; if it is a long and large field, it can be opened in the shape of an inner "well" or an inner "field". The width and depth of the ditch are preferably 0.3 to 0.4 meters respectively. Shrimp ponds can be opened at the intersection of shrimp ditches or at the four corners of the field, connected to the shrimp ditches. Shrimp ponds are generally 1.0 meters square and 0.8 to 1.0 meters deep. ?

When raising shrimps in rice fields, it is necessary to open inlets and drainage outlets, and the locations should be selected on the soil ridges at opposite corners of the rice field. During the breeding process, the water inlet and outlet of the entire rice field can be smoothed. Barriers should be installed at the inlet and outlet to prevent shrimps from escaping. ?

3. Stocking of shrimp seeds?

Restocking time: Whether it is the shrimp of the current year or the broodstock with eggs, the word "early" should be strived for. Early release can not only extend the growth period of shrimp in the rice fields, but also make full use of the large amount of natural food resources cultivated after fertilizing the rice fields. The regular stocking time is usually in November each year or the end of March of the following year. ?

Stocking density: 30 to 40 kilograms of egg-bearing broodstock per mu of rice field. You can also wait until April to May next year to stock the young shrimp seeds, and release 12,000 to 15,000 shrimp per mu of rice field. Note that the egg-bearing broodstock shrimps should be raised directly into the outer ditch to survive the winter. When the seedlings turn green, the shrimps will be lured into the rice fields to grow. ?

There are two general breeding and free-range breeding models: ?

(1) Summer stocking: mainly stocking of juvenile shrimps artificially bred that year. The stocking time is from July to September. Each mu of shrimp farming ditch is stocked with 15,000 to 20,000 juvenile shrimps. ?

(2) Winter stocking: usually carried out in December, stocking 1 to 15,000 shrimp species with a size of about 3 cm per mu of shrimp ditch. Where conditions permit, shrimp farming can be carried out in two seasons, with one season of freshwater shrimp from July to October and one season of freshwater lobster from December to May to June of the following year. ?

4. Feeding and management?

(1) Feeding: Shrimp farming in rice fields also requires timing, positioning, quantitative and qualitative feeding. In the early stage, feed once a day in the morning and afternoon; in the later stage, feed at 6 o'clock in the evening. The types of food fed are mostly small miscellaneous fish, snail meat, mussel meat, earthworms, animal offal, silkworm pupae, and corn, wheat, and barley flour. You can also feed an appropriate amount of plant feed, such as water hyacinth, water turnip, water duckweed, etc. The daily feeding amount is 3 to 5% of the shrimp body weight.

You should always check the eating status of the shrimp frequently. If the feed fed on that day is eaten within 2 to 3 hours, it means that the feed amount is insufficient. You should increase the feed amount appropriately. If there is still some leftover the next day, feed it. The amount should be reduced appropriately. ?

(2) Eliminate enemies: Shrimp farming in rice fields has many enemies, such as water centipedes, snakes, water birds, eels, water rats, etc. In the early stages of stocking shrimp, the stems and leaves of the rice plants are not lush, and there are large gaps in the water surface of the field. At this time, the shrimp individuals are also small, have weak mobility, have poor ability to escape enemies, and are easily attacked by enemies. At the same time, freshwater lobsters need to shed their shells every once in a while to grow. When they are molting or just after molting, they are most likely to become palatable bait for enemies. At harvest time, due to the shallow drainage of field water, shrimps may crawl around, making the target bigger and easily preyed on by birds and animals. In this regard, it is necessary to strengthen field management and drive away enemies in a timely manner. In addition, when shrimps are stocked, domestic ducks must be prohibited from entering the ditches to avoid losses.

Lobster (scientific name: Palinuridae) is the general name for species under the family Lobsteridae, the order Decapoda of the phylum Arthropoda. Also known as prawn, faucet shrimp, shrimp king, sea shrimp, etc. It has a thick cephalothorax, hard shell, colorful body, short abdomen, body length is generally between 20 and 40 centimeters, and weighs about 0.5 kilograms. Some parts of it have no chelae, and the abdominal limbs can evolve into chelae. The heaviest one can reach more than 5 kilograms, and is known as the lobster tiger. The body is thick cylindrical, slightly flat dorsally and ventrally, with well-developed cephalothorax, thick and spiny, and a pair of powerful supraocular spines in the center of the front edge with closed gill chambers. Mainly distributed in tropical waters, it is a valuable seafood. , the famous ones include Gaoyou Lake lobster, Shaobo lobster, Xuyi lobster, etc.

Crayfish have strong adaptability. According to the survey, they can survive in lakes, rivers, ponds, canals, and paddy fields, and can even survive in some water bodies where it is difficult for fish to survive. Lobsters are very adaptable to dissolved oxygen in the water. In an oxygen-deficient environment, they can not only climb ashore, but also use floating plants or aquatic plants in the water to lie on their sides on the water and use the gills on one side of their bodies to breathe. Survive.

Lobster has a strong ability to tolerate hypoxia. In anoxic water environment, it can climb ashore and perform gill respiration to survive. The pH value of water quality is in the range of 5.8 to 9, and it can still survive normally when the dissolved oxygen is lower than 1.5mg/L. Normal growth requires dissolved oxygen to be above 3ml/L.

Lobsters have a strong affinity for water flow. They like new and flowing water, swim upstream, and like to live in groups. In breeding ponds, they often gather in groups around the water inlet. On heavy rainy days, the shrimp can reverse the flow of water and go to the shore for a short stay or escape. When the water environment is not suitable, it will also climb up to the shore to roost. Therefore, the breeding site must have fence facilities to prevent escape.