? Indications of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi: excessive heat, polydipsia, cough due to lung heat, damp-heat diarrhea, jaundice, heat stranguria, vomiting, metrorrhagia, conjunctival congestion, restless fetus, carbuncle and furuncle.
Study on Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi by Physicians in Past Dynasties
? ? In the past, Bupleurum chinense was not as good as Scutellaria baicalensis in clearing heat. Gai Chaihu is committed to dealing with cold and heat with Shaoyang as the fulcrum. Without Chaihu, it is impossible to communicate with China and foreign countries. Scutellaria baicalensis specializes in treating Yangming steaming heat, and Yangming is in the middle. If it weren't for Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, it would be impossible to vent. One is wind wood and the other is wet soil, which can be mixed. Although Qin is bitter and cold, it is a palliative medicine after all, but it is suitable for people with body heat. If yin deficiency conceals heat and yang deficiency reveals dew, can you try it a little lighter? Blind eye pill is effective in treating women's blood heat, which is the most effective method to treat women's blood heat after water storm. ? ("This Classic Meets the Original")
? Bupleurum is not as good as Scutellaria baicalensis. Bupleurum is bitter, which is the standard of dispersing fire. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi's cold is better than heat to break fire. ? ("Materia Medica is harmful")
? Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Magnolia Officinalis and Coptidis Rhizoma stop abdominal pain; Obtaining Schisandra chinensis, Meng Mu and oyster makes people have children; Radix Astragali, Radix Ampelopsis and Semen Phaseoli were used to treat rat fistula. ? (drug pair)
? Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi to wine, pig bile to liver and gallbladder heat, Bupleurum to cold and heat, Paeonia lactiflora to diarrhea, Cortex Mori to lung fire, Atractylodes macrocephala to pregnancy. ? (Compendium of Materia Medica)
? Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi tastes bitter and cold. Dry, light floating clear lung, lung clear, phlegm can take care of themselves; Those who fix sperm will fall again for convenience, and those who are convenient will go. When wine is decocted, liver fire can be removed, but liver and gallbladder fire can be extinguished; It will burn if eaten raw, but the abdominal pain will recover. ? ("Seeking Truth from Materia Medica")
? Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is suitable for excess heat in each meridian. Those who are dry and scattered, purging lung fire, resolving phlegm and benefiting qi; Those who are firm and firm will shed fire in the large intestine and nourish yin and yang. Dry people get rid of cold, dampness and dampness on muscle surface; Strong people nourish the source and reduce bladder fever. Seeing Bupleurum cold is a wonderful agent for shaoyang; Junbaizhuhe is the holy medicine to protect the fetus. If you fry with pig bile, you can also diarrhea the fire of the liver and gallbladder; If soaked in Ophiopogon japonicus juice, it can moisten the lungs and dry them. Stir-fried wine will clear the brain, while salt will benefit kidney evil. Most of them should treat heat with cold and relieve depression with bitterness. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi smells cold and bitter, so you must have Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi before you can use it. ? (Jian Yao)
Pharmacological effects of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi on purging fire and detoxicating;
1. Microbial effects of pathogens
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi has a broad antibacterial spectrum. The decoction has certain antibacterial effect on Shigella dysenteriae, Diphtheria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Typhoid Bacillus, Paratyphoid sensitive bacteria, Proteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus hemolyticus, Pneumococcus, Meningococcus and Vibrio cholerae in test tubes. The alcohol extract is also effective against meningococcus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is reported that Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi has stronger inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Vibrio cholerae than other Chinese herbal medicines. The decoction used as throat spray is also effective for meningitis carriers. The decoction is effective for experimental tuberculosis in mice, but ineffective for guinea pigs. The decoction and extract have antibacterial effects on 10 kinds of dermatophytes such as Trichophyton purpurea, Microsporum microsporum canis and Odorn. In vitro experiments show that the water decoction and alcohol extract of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi have inhibitory effect on leptospira, and have killing effect at high concentration. The decoction and infusion have inhibitory effects on influenza virus PR8 strain and Asian influenza A virus in vitro, which can alleviate lung injury and prolong the survival time of virus-infected mice.
2. Antipyretic effect
Most experiments show that Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi has antipyretic effect, and its effective component is baicalein, which is slightly stronger than antipyrine. For rabbits with fever caused by typhoid mixed vaccine, oral administration of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi decoction (2g/kg) or injection of 6% Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extract (4 ~ 6 ml) has antipyretic effect. It also has antipyretic effect on rabbits with artificial fever caused by yeast by intragastric administration and intravenous or intraperitoneal injection of baicalin.
Later, some people used typhoid mixed vaccine to repeat the experiment on rabbits with fever. A large dose of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi decoction (4 ~ 30 times larger than the amount of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi infusion reported above) has not been proved to have antipyretic effect by oral administration or intramuscular injection. For example, intravenous injection has a slight antipyretic effect, which is the same as intravenous injection of normal saline. This view holds that Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi has no antipyretic effect. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extract has no cooling effect on normal rabbits.
In view of the inconsistent results of the above reports, whether Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi has antipyretic effect needs further study.
3. Anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects
Baicalin and baicalein can reduce the allergic contraction of isolated guinea pig trachea and allergic asthma of the whole animal, and have synergistic effect with ephedrine. The sodium phosphate salt of aglycone has a stronger effect than the sodium sulfate salt. Baicalin can inhibit the allergic contraction reaction of isolated trachea and ileum to antigen (Schultz-Dale reaction), and baicalein has a strong inhibitory effect. Oral administration of baicalin 50mg/kg daily for one week can protect guinea pigs sensitized by egg white from allergic reaction caused by re-inhalation of antigen, and can obviously prolong the time before convulsion. Baicalin and baicalein have inhibitory effects on passive skin allergic reaction in guinea pigs and passive systemic allergic reaction in guinea pigs and mice, and aglycone has stronger effect than glycoside. The anti-allergic mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is to damage the enzyme activation system (SHˉ enzyme) of mast cells and inhibit the release of allergic mediators, so it does not produce allergic reactions. The experiment of isolated guinea pig intestine shows that baicalein has certain antihistamine and acetylcholine effects. These two components do not affect the binding of antigen and antibody, but can significantly reduce the release of chemical media when sensitized guinea pig lung slices react with antigen. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi can inhibit the binding of antigen to IgE and release histamine from mast cells, which is a good clinical antiallergic drug.
Baicalin has a similar effect to vitamin P, and can inhibit the increase of capillary wall permeability in jaundice. Baicalin and baicalein have preventive and therapeutic effects on experimental pulmonary hemorrhage in mice caused by low air pressure.
4. Protect liver, promote gallbladder and relieve spasm.
Experiments show that baicalin has protective effect on liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in mice. Baicalin can be hydrolyzed into baicalein and glucuronic acid in vivo, and the latter is a known detoxification and liver protection drug. Scutellarin also has a weak detoxification effect.
Baicalin, baicalein and ethanol extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi are beneficial to gallbladder function and can increase bile excretion of experimental animals, especially baicalein. While wogonin has no cholagogic effect. Intravenous injection of baicalin increased bilirubin in rabbits with common bile duct ligation within 65±0 ~ 6h hours (compared with the control group), and decreased after 24 ~ 48 hours.
5. Effect on blood lipid and blood sugar
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Sanhuang preparation (Coptis: Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi: Rhubarb is1:1) have no effect on the ratio of total cholesterol to total phospholipids in the serum of normal rabbits, but they can reduce the ratio of total cholesterol to total phospholipids in the serum of thyroidectomy rabbits after feeding cholesterol for 7 weeks. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi flavone has obvious hypolipidemic effect on hyperlipidemia rats induced by ethanol. Baicalin and baicalin can significantly reduce the concentration of cholesterol and triglyceride in rat liver tissue. The results showed that Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi could inhibit the lipolysis of adipose tissue in rats, and its flavonoids had adrenergic effects. Receptors? Both-receptor and dopamine receptor have effects, baicalein and baicalein significantly inhibit the lipolysis of adrenaline, and baicalin significantly inhibits the lipolysis of norepinephrine.
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi can inhibit glucose from synthesizing fat. Can slightly raise blood sugar.
6. Antihypertensive, diuretic and sedative effects