Measures to protect students' eyesight Over the years, under the guidance of this banner, the school has continued to grow and develop, and the level of running a school has been comprehensively improved. The school has a branch school. There are 52 teaching classes with 3257 students and 204 faculty members. The school is committed to the overall quality improvement and has won a good social reputation. It is the largest window school in Siping and the first batch of quality education demonstration schools in Siping. In the past five years, the school has won more than 70 honors, including Siping Model Collective, Provincial Civilized Unit, Provincial Traditional School of Sports, National Red Flag Brigade of Young Pioneers, National Demonstration School of Fire Safety Education, National Demonstration School of Children's Safety and National Advanced School of Moral Education and Scientific Research.
The school has always attached importance to the prevention of approaching, and has achieved certain results in protecting students' eyesight and promoting students' health in recent years.
First, the leadership attaches great importance to the full participation.
1, a leading group for preventing approaching was established, with the principal as the leader, the vice president in charge of sports and health arts as the deputy leader, and the director, class teacher and health teacher as the main members; Formulate the "Work Plan for Prevention and Control of Myopia for Students in Liumalu Primary School" and improve the relevant myopia prevention system; Formed? Unified leadership of the school, full support of grades, active cooperation of class teachers, concrete implementation of health teachers, and full participation of teachers? Five-level management pattern; Let the teachers and students in the whole school fully realize the importance of preventing myopia and protecting their eyesight. The goal of building a brand school with healthy characteristics was established, which ensured the solid development and smooth implementation of the approach prevention work.
2. A health duty group for students in Liumalu Primary School was established. Each group is composed of physical education committee members and eye exercises commanders in each class, and is responsible for the prevention and treatment of myopia in the class. The specific work content is that the physical education Committee urges the students of this class to go out of the classroom during recess to look at the green vegetation in the distance or overlook it. The commander of eye exercises cooperates with the physical education committee and takes the lead in doing eye exercises every day.
Second, formulate systems and strengthen publicity
In order to strengthen the attention of teachers, students and parents to the prevention of myopia, it is formed in the whole school? Take care of your eyes, improve your eyesight, and take pride in cherishing your eyesight? The atmosphere of public opinion.
1, combined with the characteristics of school work, the seven one projects were implemented.
(1) The first week of school will be designated as the publicity week against approaching. According to the physiological and psychological characteristics of students at different stages of development, the relevant contents of protecting eyesight and cultivating students' eye hygiene habits are regarded as important tasks of school health care education, and information desks are set up to actively publicize and take effective measures to implement them.
(2) Conduct an approach prevention lecture once a month. Health knowledge about the characteristics of eyeball development in different growth and development stages, the causes of myopia, the harm of myopia, the prevention and correction of myopia, etc. is given to students of different ages, so as to enhance their self-care ability.
(3) Every semester, a handwritten newspaper competition with the theme of "like eyes, Eye Protection" is held, so that students can master the importance of using their eyes correctly and protecting their eyesight during the collection and production process.
(4) Each issue of the blackboard newspaper has a publicity angle for preventing approaching. Tell some short stories and cartoons about protecting your eyesight. Vividly let students know the importance of protecting their eyesight and all kinds of disadvantages caused by poor eyesight.
(5) Every parent-teacher meeting has the content of approaching prevention. At the parent-teacher meeting, the teacher reflects the students' vision protection to parents and guides them to do a good job in the students' vision protection. Publicize the importance and methods of protecting eyesight to parents, so that parents can create good learning conditions for students and urge students to arrange their time reasonably. And parents are issued with instructions on eye hygiene and health exercises for students, so that parents can better cooperate with the prevention and treatment of myopia in schools.
(6) Every Eye-Love Day has a school-wide activity. On the day of Eye-Love Day, our school will take campus culture as the carrier and publicize it through the school publicity window and blackboard newspaper? Eye love day? Theme, build? Like eyes? Good atmosphere. At the same time, post and publicize the Code of Prevention of Myopia for Primary and Secondary School Students and distribute it to students. At the same time? Guarding the window of the soul? And other related competitions, so that students can understand more deeply the importance of protecting their eyesight and how to protect their eyesight.
(7) Have a good class etiquette class. Our school has set up etiquette classes, in which classroom etiquette is the focus. We have made detailed regulations and explanations on reading posture (book standing and waist standing), writing posture (three ones), eye hygiene (looking straight) and teachers' eye relaxation between classes, so as to improve the skills of preventing approaching. Every semester, various forms such as radio and bulletin boards are used to regularly publicize eye care knowledge such as scientific use of eyes and prevention of myopia, to cultivate students' awareness of like eyes and eye care, and to develop correct reading and writing posture and eye hygiene habits. At the end of the semester, the school organizes a summary and exchange of experience in preventing nearsightedness. Play a preventive role in a real sense.
2. Develop the appraisal system of vision examination and eye exercises.
Our school system stipulates that all students must have their eyesight checked once every quarter and four times a year to monitor their eyesight. Critical vision? And? Mild myopia? Objective to correct and reduce the incidence and prevalence. At the same time, the school radio station uses radio music to command all the students to do eye exercises during recess, and records the exercises in each class.
Is it done as a school? Civilization class? An evaluation content of evaluation. When doing eye exercises, the director and the school doctor patrol to correct the students' movements at any time and ensure the quality of the students' eye exercises.
3. Formulate the adjustment of students' seats and the physical examination system for all teachers and students.
The head teachers of each class should reasonably adjust the students' seats once a month according to their actual height, so as to reduce the possibility of strabismus and myopia for students. At the same time, according to the relevant regulations, the teachers and students of the whole school are organized to have a physical examination once a year, and the students who have suffered from pseudomyopia are seriously corrected (the health instructor uses the corrective instrument to correct them every day). For those who have suffered from myopia, inform their parents to take them to the hospital for examination and wear glasses.
3. Increase investment and logistics guarantee
In order to do a better job of preventing nearsightedness, Liumalu Primary School has done its best to improve the configuration of desks and chairs for teachers of all grades, improve the lighting and daylighting in the classroom, and replace classroom equipment such as blackboards in time according to the specific requirements of eye hygiene and related environment in the Work Plan for Prevention and Control of Myopia for Primary and Secondary School Students. Specific actions are as follows:
(1) The school will change and adjust the desks and chairs every semester to ensure that each class has two types of new desks and chairs. The first grade adopts adjustable tables and chairs. Over the past three years, * * * has replaced more than 500 sets of tables and chairs. Ensure the safety and hygiene standards of desks and chairs to the greatest extent, and ensure the needs of students. As far as possible, the height of the table and stool can be commensurate with the height of the students, and the students' seats will be changed once a month in each class of each grade.
(2) Last summer vacation, our school invested more than 200,000 yuan to replace the power lines in the building, and each classroom in the school was equipped with 13 lamps according to national standards, which improved the indoor lighting conditions and improved the distribution uniformity of illumination in the classroom.
(3) In order to ensure that the blackboard is not damaged and glare-free, our school has replaced the blackboard in time in the past three years, and this year, 24 high-plastic blackboards have been replaced, so that students in the classroom can clearly see the contents of the blackboard.
Fourth, enrich activities to ensure the effect
1, pay attention to training, guide students to use eye hygiene and call on all teachers to cultivate students' good eye hygiene habits throughout the whole classroom teaching, and correct students' bad reading and writing posture at any time, so that their eyes are one foot away from the book, their chests are punched from the table, and their hands are one inch away from the pen tip; Take a break when you write for an hour. Don't read in bed, in a moving car, in the dim or bright light.
2. Promote activities to relieve students' visual fatigue.
Through various competitions, such as eye exercises, students' initiative in learning how to care for their eyes can be improved. Students who have achieved excellent results in the competition will be rewarded to improve their enthusiasm. In order to better protect the eyesight of junior students, we also inserted the 1 minute classroom rhythm link in the middle of the first and second grade classes, and carried out? Charming teachers, exciting performances? In the contest, teachers created Happy Together, Little Trojan Horse, Little Hand Clap and Digital Song, which were deeply loved by children. It has played a very good role in relieving children's long-term eye use and solving vision fatigue.
Five, reduce stress and enhance physical fitness.
Teachers of all grades make reasonable teaching plans according to the situation of all grades to reduce the learning pressure of students, and physical education teachers of all grades seriously carry out various sports activities to improve students' physical quality. Reasonable arrangement of students' homework and extracurricular activities, so that students' eye burden is appropriate, work and rest are reasonably adjusted. The details are as follows:
1. Ensure students' recess and after-school rest time. Improve teaching methods, organize teachers to carry out education and teaching training through expert lectures, CD reports, and study abroad. Teachers' innovative guidance courses, school-based teacher exhibition courses, young teachers' competition courses, teaching design exhibitions, active classroom activities exhibitions, excellent teaching plans exhibitions and comments, chalk word competitions, charming teachers' exciting performances and so on can improve teachers' quality, improve the quality and efficiency of classroom teaching, and effectively avoid procrastination. Arrange homework reasonably, and leave no written homework in the lower grades. The homework time for middle-grade students should not exceed half an hour, and that for senior students should not exceed one hour, so as to ensure the students' daily sleep time. At the same time, reduce the number of subjects and tests, do not arbitrarily increase class hours or make up lessons on holidays, and reduce the learning pressure of students.
2. Ensure the time and quality of sports activities. Take various forms to carry out a variety of extracurricular sports activities extensively and conscientiously, and ensure that students have one hour of sports activities every day. Hold sports meeting every year to strengthen students' physique. A strong body can not only avoid systemic diseases, but also benefit the normal development of eyeball.
Due to our effective prevention and control, the detection rate of poor eyesight among 2970 students in the main school this year is 9.96%, which is significantly lower than that in Jilin Province (2 1.52%), so the incidence of poor eyesight among students in our school is still at a low level in provinces and cities.
Today, we have made some achievements in our approach prevention work, but there is still room for further strengthening and improvement. We will continue to learn and improve, and constantly explore innovation, so that it will continue to innovate in development and develop in innovation, and take it as a useful supplement to the characteristic education in our school, so as to promote the in-depth development of the overall work of the school.
The importance of protecting students' eyesight a series of shocking figures:
There are more than 300 million people with myopia in China, accounting for 33% of the world's myopia, far higher than the world average of 22%. There are about 450 thousand new blind people and low vision1350 thousand in China every year, that is, there will be one blind person and three low vision patients every minute. If effective measures are not taken, by 2020, the number of visually disabled people in China will be four times that of the present, and it is estimated that it will reach more than 50 million. The incidence of myopia in China ranks first in the world, and the incidence rate is second only to Japan, accounting for the second place in the world. The annual increase of myopia is about 6%. Visual impairment has become a serious public health problem in China.
According to the statistics of relevant departments, the incidence of myopia among Chinese students ranked fourth in the world as early as 1998. In 2002, it quickly rose to the second place in the world, second only to Japan. The detection rate of poor eyesight of primary school students aged 7 to 12 is 32.5%, that of junior high school students is 59.4%, that of senior high school students is 77.3%, and that of college students is 80.0%. The incidence of poor eyesight of students is increasing year by year.
The reasons for the formation of myopia are quite complicated. Generally speaking, it is nothing more than congenital genetic reasons and acquired environmental factors. The former accounts for 20% and the latter accounts for 80%. If one parent is highly myopic, the heritability of children is 56%, and if both parents are highly myopic, the heritability is 100%.
1, the eye distance is too close. According to relevant data, myopia of students is mostly caused by long-term close eye distance. Teenagers' eyes have strong accommodation. When the distance between books and eyes reaches 7- 10 cm, they can still see clearly. However, if they often read books at this distance, writing will make the adjustment of eyes extremely tense, thus forming refractive (accommodation) myopia, so-called pseudomyopia. If the ciliary muscle is excessively regulated for a long time, it can't flex flexibly, and the convergence effect is strengthened due to excessive regulation, so that the extraocular muscle exerts pressure on the eyeball, the intraocular pressure is increased, and the intraocular tissue is congested. In addition, the eyeball wall is gradually extended due to the delicate eyeball tissue, and the anterior and posterior axes of the eyeball are lengthened. If it exceeds the normal value, axial myopia is formed, so-called true myopia. The normal reading distance should be 30-35cm.
2, the eye time is too long. Some students read, write and do their homework, watch TV for 3-4 hours without rest, or even go to sleep until late at night, which not only affects their health, but also makes their eyes overburdened, and their muscles inside and outside the eyes are in a state of tension for a long time without rest. Over time, when they look far away, their muscles cannot relax and become spastic, which makes them feel blurred and form myopia. It is for this reason that some students' eyesight drops obviously after a summer vacation. It is generally advocated that you should take a break or look into the distance for a while after reading, writing or watching TV for 40-50 minutes.
3. The lighting light is too strong or too weak. If the light is too strong, such as the sun shining on the writing, it will cause strong reflection, stimulate the eyes, make the eyes uncomfortable, and make it difficult to see the font clearly. On the contrary, if the light is too weak and the writing is not illuminated enough, the eyes can't see the font clearly, and the head will move forward and get close to the book. Both of the above situations can make the eyes tired, and the eyes are too adjusted or convulsed to form myopia.
4. Read books while driving or walking. Some students make full use of their time, reading while walking or reading in the walking carriage, which is bad for their eyes. Because the carriage is shaking, the body is shaking, the distance between the eyes and the book can not be fixed, and the poor lighting conditions increase the burden on the eyes, which may often cause myopia.
5. Read while lying down. Many students like reading in bed, which is a bad habit. Because people's eyes should be kept in a horizontal state to read, so that adjustment and convergence are consistent and eye fatigue is reduced. If you lie down and read a book, your eyes are not in a horizontal state, the distance between your eyes and the book is inconsistent, your eyes are inconsistent from top to bottom, left and right, and the illumination on the book is uneven, which will make your eyes nervous and easily move the book closer to your eyes, which will increase the burden on your eyes by 2-3 times and cause myopia after a long time.
6, lack of sleep. When you don't get enough sleep, you will feel listless and dizzy the next day, and your brain will not have enough rest, and fatigue will not be eliminated, which will increase the burden on your eyes and promote myopia. Lack of sleep is a very important cause of myopia.
7. The desk does not meet the requirements and the writing posture is incorrect. If the desk and chair are too low, the head leans forward, the spine bends, the chest is compressed, and the eye adjustment is relatively tight. Or the tables and chairs are too high, the feet are suspended, the lower limbs are easy to swing, and the correct posture cannot be maintained, which can make the eyes tired and myopia easily occur over time. Therefore, after the tables and chairs are properly adjusted, the tables and chairs move with people when changing seats regularly.
8, the influence of space rays. Watching TV for a long time can easily make eye muscles tired; Too long computer operation time causes dryness and fatigue of eyes, which is easy to cause myopia, so it is necessary to control the use time appropriately.
The harm of myopia 1, resulting in malnutrition:
Long-term eye fatigue of myopia students will lead to insufficient blood oxygen supply, and the required nutrients can not meet the nutrition consumed by the eyes in time, resulting in malnutrition. This is why many myopia patients have:? Telephone poles? Or? Small bean sprouts? The title of.
2, thinking is restricted: Scientists have done experiments and found that people's thinking can only play a normal level in a state of no beam, and when a nearsighted child wears a pair of glasses and is isolated from the world with the lens, thinking will be restricted, and the direct performance is slow response and poor learning efficiency.
3. Self-distrust, poor ability to adapt to the environment, self-distrust, lack of opinions, poor self-care ability, excessive dependence on parents, lack of independence, and easy anxiety, and psychological sub-health.
4. Holding high marks, but not going to an ideal university: In China, myopia patients with different degrees are restricted to apply for 48 majors, and those whose eyesight is lower than 1.5 cannot report flying technology, navigation technology, fire fighting technology engineering, criminal science and technology, investigation and other majors; If the lens degree is greater than 400 degrees, you can't be admitted to the majors of marine technology, marine science, measurement and control technology and instruments, nuclear engineering and nuclear technology, biomedical engineering, aircraft manufacturing engineering, fashion design, etc. If the lens degree is greater than 800 degrees, you can't enroll in geology and mineral resources, water conservancy, civil engineering, animal production, aquatic products, materials, energy and power, chemical industry and pharmacy, military industry and agricultural engineering. Forestry engineering, plant production, forest resources, environmental ecology, psychology, environment and safety, environmental science, electronic information science, material science, atmospheric science, and geographical science, surveying and mapping engineering, transportation, traffic engineering and other majors.
Preventive measures for myopia Cultivate students to develop the habit of using their eyes to protect their eyesight.
1, cultivate their correct reading and writing posture, and don't lie prone on the table or twist their bodies. Books and eyes should be kept one foot.
2. Reading and writing time should not be too long. After 1- 1.5 hours, you should have a short rest. Eyes: look far and do eye exercises. The use distance of a computer is similar to that of reading and writing, so you should also pay attention to the use time. )
3, writing and reading should have proper light, and the light is best to shine from the left. Don't read or write in too dark or too bright light, and ensure a break of 10 minutes between classes to reduce vision fatigue.
4. Actively carry out physical exercise to ensure that students have one hour of physical activity every day.
5, teach students to write, not too small and too dense, not to write oblique, cursive.
6. Do eye exercises seriously. Doing eye exercises twice a day and standardizing students' exercises can really protect their eyesight and prevent myopia.
7. When watching TV, pay attention to the height should be level with the line of sight; The distance between the eye and the screen should not be less than 5 times the diagonal length of the screen; When watching TV, you should turn on a small electric light indoors, which is conducive to protecting your eyesight; After watching TV continuously 1- 1.5 hours, you should have a short rest, look far and do eye exercises.
8, should eat more foods rich in vitamins: all kinds of vegetables and animal livers, egg yolks, etc. Contains vitamin B, which is good for eyes; Eating more animal livers can cure night blindness.
Myopia patients generally lack chromium and zinc. Myopia patients should eat more foods containing more zinc. Foods such as soybeans, almonds, seaweed, kelp, mutton, yellow croaker, milk powder, tea, meat, beef, liver and so on contain more zinc and chromium, which can be increased appropriately. It is best to take protein zinc for zinc supplement.
9. Playing badminton and table tennis can prevent myopia. In the process of playing, the eyes quickly follow the flexible badminton and table tennis. Small ball sports? Trajectory changes, which have unexpected benefits for the improvement of eyeball function of children aged 5 ~ 9.