1 Variety selection 1.1 Shepherd's purse, also known as shepherd's purse, is a local variety in Shanghai. The plant grows flat, spreading 18 centimeters. Leaves are light green, thick, 10 centimeters long and 2.5 centimeters wide. There are about 18 leaves. Leaf blade pinnately lobed, nearly entire, smooth, slightly tomentose, darkened by low temperature leaf color. The variety of cold and heat resistance, early maturity, fast growth, 40 days after sowing can be harvested, high yield, good commercial appearance, flavor and fresh. The disadvantage is that the aroma is not strong enough, weak overwintering, shoots early, not suitable for spring sowing, generally used for fall planting.1.2 loose leaf caper, also known as 100 feet caper, slow caper, leaf caper, leaf caper, leaf caper, leaf caper and so on. The plant grows flat, spreading 18 centimeters. Leaves green, pinnately divided, margins y notched, 10 centimeters long, narrow and short, about 20 leaves. Leaves green, margin pinnately divided, smooth and fluffy, after low temperature leaf color to dark purple. The variety of cold resistance is moderate, heat resistance, strong overwintering, 10-15 days later than the caper. Strong aroma and flavor, suitable for spring cultivation.2 Cultivation season 2.1 Spring, summer and fall open field cultivation. The Yangtze River Basin spring sowing from late February to late April, fall sowing from early September to early October; North China spring sowing from early March to late April, fall sowing from early July to mid-September. At present, China's chestnut is mainly planted in spring and fall, summer is also planted, but because of the high temperature and low yield. In some high-altitude mountainous areas in Lu'an City, you can use the unique climatic conditions for summer planting, not only can get a high yield, but also can fill the problem of caper summer market vacancy, to get a higher planting efficiency. Summer planting time in high-altitude mountainous areas is generally from early June to late July, greenhouse winter and spring planting time can be from early October to early February of the following year. Staggered sowing, harvested in batches, can alleviate the shortage of seasonal vegetables in the Spring Festival market, and greatly improve the benefits of greenhouse planting.3. Selection of land preparation 3.1 Selection of fields suitable for chestnut, requires the selection of fertile soil, few weeds, drainage and irrigation of the field is convenient. Avoid continuous cultivation to reduce diseases.3.2 Do not deep plough the land for planting caper, take care not to break the mature soil layer, and carefully tilling and harrowing, so that it is fine, flat, and soft, in order to facilitate the emergence of seedlings and growth.3.3 Open the ditch should not be too wide or too narrow. It is desirable to remove weeds and harvest capers in the furrow on both sides of the people's station. The general ditch width is about 1.5 meters, and the depth of the side ditch is 10~15 cm to facilitate drainage and prevent seedlings from being flooded.4 Precision sowing 4.1 Low-temperature germination The new seeds harvested in the year have a dormant period. Sowing in summer and fall with new seeds of the year requires low-temperature treatment to break the dormant period. That is, put the seed in a 2-7 low-temperature refrigerator or mix with fine sand and put it in a 2-7 refrigerator. 7-9 days later, the seed begins to germinate can be sown. You can also place newly harvested seeds in pots, cover them with soil, keep them in a cool place and take them out in late July to plant. If there are old seeds harvested in alternate years, they do not need to germinate for summer and fall sowing because their dormancy has been broken.4.2 Shepherd's purse sows in well-moisturized soil with good soil moisture in the beds. If the soil moisture is insufficient, water before sowing, do not reluctantly plant in the case of old soil moisture.4.3 Quantitative and uniform sowing should be appropriate. 0.75~1 kg per mu in spring, 2~2.5 kg in summer, 1~1.5 kg in fall. Sowing should be uniform, before sowing, it is best to mix about 3 times of fine soil or fine sand, in order to improve the uniformity of sowing; after sowing, light cover of fine soil, that is, cover about 1cm of fine soil, patting the soil surface, so that the soil and the seeds are in full contact with each other, so that the s

Water capers have a short growth period, generally divided into two fertilizers: the first time is the first of two true leaves, and the second time is about 20 days apart. Each time per mu into the rotted dilute human feces and urine more than 1500 kilograms. If the soil fertility is poor or the bottom fertilizer is not adequately applied, 1~2 times of follow-up fertilizer can be carried out. Autumn picking caper, long growing period, harvest more, each harvest to be fertilized once, generally more than four times, the amount of fertilizer and spring sowing caper the same.6 strengthen management 6.1 drought and flooding caper before the emergence of the seedling, watering diligently, keep the soil moist, in order to facilitate the emergence of seedlings; emergence of seedlings watering in a timely manner to avoid drought, in order to facilitate the growth of the growth of the. General watering with artificial sprinkler, there are sprinkler irrigation conditions of vegetable land cultivation is better. Spring rain, low temperature, water evaporation is slow, generally do not need to water; pre-winter sowing caper, to control water, to prevent its growth is too strong, in order to safely overwinter. Pay attention to drainage during the rainy season to prevent waterlogging.6.2 Weed eradication caper plant is small, mixed with weeds, weeding is difficult and labor intensive. Therefore, in addition to paying attention to selecting a field with few weeds to plant, it is also necessary to plow and pull weeds frequently in management, so that early pulling, small pulling, small pulling, don't let the weeds bully the seedlings and hurt the seedlings. At the same time can be combined with each harvest carefully selected weeds, to prevent grass damage.6.3 The main disease of caper is downy mildew, which is easy to occur in summer and fall rainy season. At the early stage of the disease, 75% Chlorothalonil 600 times liquid can be sprayed to prevent and control; followed by virus disease, the main prevention and control method is to carry out reasonable crop rotation, clear the weeds in the field, and eliminate the aphids that spread the virus disease in time. The main pest of caper is aphids. After aphid infestation, the leaves of caper shriveled up and became greenish-black, losing its food value. It should be checked regularly, and according to the prediction of aphids by the local plant protection department, it should be found early and timely sprayed with 40% oxolocarb 1500 times liquid or 80% dichlorvos 1000 times liquid for prevention and control.7 Intercropping 7.1 Intercropping with tomato and fruit vegetablesIn the spring, according to the requirements of spring caper, sow caper, and then plant tomato and fruit vegetables according to the spacing of peppers, eggplants, and tomatoes.7.2 Intercropping with garlic and planting garlic first, and then planting caper evenly sprinkled in the land of planting garlic.7.3 Intercropping with bok choy, sowing capers first, then planting bok choy in the caper land.7.4 Intercropping in sheds, winter and spring fruits and vegetables can be intercropped with capers. Practice has proved that the caper is distributed in the bottom space of tall vegetables, which can effectively improve the utilization of light energy. And shepherd's purse consumes less nutrients in the soil, other vegetables can make full use of soil fertility, so as to achieve the purpose of high yield and high efficiency.8 Harvesting and seed retention 8.1 Batch picking of shepherd's purse is divided into a few harvests, and each harvest should be large and small. Shepherd's purse sown in late February, harvested in early April, generally harvested 1-2 times, mu yield of about 1000 pounds. Summer sowing of capers, from sowing to harvesting generally takes 20-30 days, the number of harvests is 1-2 times. More harvesting in dense places, less harvesting in sparse places, so that the rest of the plants can have a certain nutritional area, to promote the growth of balanced and neat, mu yield of about 600kg. Early fall sowing of shepherd's purse, harvest 10-13 true leaves, 30-35 days after sowing, divided into 4-5 times, to the end of March of the following year, mu yield 2500-3000 kg. In order to improve the yield, extend the supply period, careful and diligent harvesting, more harvesting in dense places, improve the yield. autumn caper sown in early October, start harvesting needs 45-60 days. After harvesting should be timely fertilizer watering, to promote the remaining plants continue to grow.8.2Sele