2 English reference Semen Benincasae (La) [Terminology Committee of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004)]
Waxgourd seed [Terminology Committee of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004)]
3. Summarize that winter melon seeds are the names of traditional Chinese medicines, which come from Newly Revised Materia Medica [1]. Winter melon seeds are the dried and mature seeds of Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. of Cucurbitaceae. The seeds are oval or oval, flat, with a length of1~1.5 cm, a width of 0.5 ~1cm and a thickness of about 0.2cm. The surface is yellow-white, slightly rough, with smooth edges (single-sided winter melon seeds) or 1 rings on the outer edges of both sides (double-sided winter melon seeds). One end is slightly sharp, with two small protrusions, the larger protrusion has a micropyle, the smaller one is the hilum, and the other end is blunt. The seed coat is slightly hard and brittle. When the seed coat is peeled off, two cotyledons can be seen, which are white, plump and short. Light weight and rich in oil. No gas, slightly sweet taste. It is better to have full particles and white color.
Winter melon seeds are sweet and cold [2]. It has the functions of clearing away lung heat, resolving phlegm, eliminating carbuncle and expelling pus [2]. It is mostly used for phlegm cough due to lung heat, lung carbuncle and intestinal carbuncle at the beginning [2]. Stir-fried winter melon seeds are mild in coldness, fragrant in gas and invigorating the spleen, and good at moistening and turbid [2]. It is mostly used for damp-heat leukorrhagia and white turbidity, and is often combined with Cortex Phellodendri, Rhizoma Atractylodis, Rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae, Semen Euryales, and Cortex Toona sinensis.
4 The source is from Newly Revised Materia Medica [1].
"Materia Medica": White melon seeds, when used as medicine, must be taken together after frost, left for years, broken out of the core, washed and dried, which is used for beating the kernel.
5 Latin name Semen Benincasae (La) (Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004))
6 English name waxgourd seed (Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2004))
7 Pinyin name D not n ɡ gu ā z ǐ
8 The alias of winter melon seeds is white melon seeds and melon petals [1]. Melon seeds (Chinese materia medica), wax gourd kernels (Chinese materia medica) and melon rhinoceros (Chinese materia medica)
9 The prescription of winter melon seeds uses winter melon seeds, wax gourd kernels, fried winter melon seeds and fried wax gourd kernels [2].
10 The source of winter melon seeds is the dried and mature seeds of Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. of Cucurbitaceae.
Winter melon seeds are the seeds of Cucurbitaceae plant Benincasa hispida (Thunb). Cogn [1].
Winter melon seeds, that is, dry and mature seeds of winter melon, are washed and dried (some are soaked in alum water first 1 washed and dried later) (National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine).
For gourd plant wax gourd? Benincasa hispida（Thunb.） Cogn.? The seeds of (Chinese materia medica).
1 1 the original plant form of winter melon seeds is an annual creeping or scaffolding herb. Stems are yellow-brown bristles and villous, ribbed, and about 6m long. Simple leaves alternate; Petiole stout, 520cm long, yellow-brown bristles and villous; Leaf blade is kidney-shaped, nearly round, wide 1530cm57, shallowly or sometimes split, lobes broadly ovate, acute at the apex, with small teeth at the edge, deep heart-shaped at the base, coarse hairs on both sides, reticulate veins, slightly raised on the back of leaves, and densely hairy. Zheng Xu was born in leaf axils, 23-pronged, coarsely hairy and villous. Flowers unisexual, monoecious; Flowers are solitary in leaf axils, and pedicels are bristles; Calyx tube debate, lobes triangular-ovate, margin serrated, reflexed; Corolla yellow, 5-lobed to base, abduction; Male flowers have stamens 3, filaments are meristematic, anthers are oval, and anthers are S-shaped. Female flower ovary is long cylindrical or oval, densely covered with yellow-brown bristles, stigma 3, slightly twisted. The fruit is large, fleshy, long cylindrical or nearly spherical, 2560cm long and 1025cm in diameter, with bristles and waxy white powder on the surface. Seeds numerous, ovate, white or yellowish, compressed. The flowering period is May and the fruiting period is June. (Chinese materia medica)
12 harvesting and primary processing of winter melon seeds When the autumn fruits are ripe, the seeds are taken out, washed and dried in the sun [2].
When eating wax gourd; Collect mature seeds; Wash; Dry in the sun. (Chinese materia medica)
13 pharmacognostic characters and identification of winter melon seeds 13. 1 character identification The seeds are oblong or oval, flat,1~1.5 cm long, 0.5 ~1cm wide and about 0.2cm thick. The surface is yellow-white, slightly rough, with smooth edges (single-sided winter melon seeds) or 1 rings on both outer edges (double-sided winter melon seeds). One end is slightly sharp, with two small protrusions, the larger protrusion has a micropyle, the smaller one is the hilum, and the other end is blunt. The seed coat is slightly hard and brittle. When the seed coat is peeled off, two cotyledons can be seen, which are white, plump and short. Light weight and rich in oil. No gas, slightly sweet taste. It is better to have full particles and white color. (Chinese materia medica)
13.2 Microscopic identification of cross-section of seeds: epidermal cells on seed coat 1 row, nearly grid-shaped, slightly thick wall, slightly lignified; There are more than 0 rows of parenchyma cells in subcortical layer 10, and the walls are slightly lignified and have pits; There are 23 rows of stone cells on the inner side; Ventilated parenchyma 1 row of cells, close to stone cells, with large intercellular space; There are vascular bundles at both ends; Endodermis 1 row cells. Nucellar epidermis 1 row cells, outer cuticle, inner nucellar and endosperm. There are two cotyledons in the center, and the cells contain fatty oil and aleurone particles. (Chinese materia medica)
13.3 Physical and chemical identification Take crude powder of this product 1g, add 20ml of water to boil 10min, let it cool and filter. Take the filtrate, put it in a test tube with a plug, and shake it violently to produce lasting barnyard grass foam. (Check Saponins) (Chinese Materia Medica)
14 processing of winter melon seeds In the Tang Dynasty, it was useful to cook in boiling water for three times, dry in the sun, and soak in vinegar overnight ("Dietotherapy Materia Medica") [2].
In Song Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, it was cooked by stir-frying method (Taiping Shenghui Fang, Debei Herbal Medicine) [2]. There are also records that "(bitter wine immersion) makes people fat and bright" ("Dietetic Materia Medica") and "fried food supplements the middle" ("Deserved Materia Medica") [2].
Now the main processing methods are fried yellow and so on [2].
14. 1 processing method of winter melon seeds 14. 1. 1 winter melon seeds take the original medicinal materials, remove impurities, and screen off ash [2]. Mash it with time [2].
14.10.2 stir-fry winter melon seeds, clean the winter melon seeds, put them in a stir-fry container, heat them with slow fire, stir-fry until the surface is slightly yellow and slightly burnt, take them out, let them cool, and mash them when necessary [2].
Screen the winter melon seeds, fry them until they are yellow, and take them out to cool (National Chinese Herbal Medicine Compilation).
Stir-fry with slow fire until it is yellow and white (Chinese Materia Medica).
14.2 finished product characteristics winter melon seeds are flat oval or oblong, with one end blunt and the other pointed [2]. Appearance yellow and white [2]. Light weight [2]. Taste slightly sweet [2].
Stir-fried winter melon seeds are slightly swollen, slightly yellow in appearance, slightly scorched, pale yellow in section and slightly fragrant [2].
14.3 Processing effect Winter melon seeds have the functions of clearing away lung heat, resolving phlegm, eliminating carbuncle and expelling pus [2]. It is mostly used for phlegm cough due to lung heat, lung carbuncle and intestinal carbuncle at the beginning [2]. For example, Weijing Decoction for treating lung abscess (Prescription for Preparing a Thousand Daughters for Urgent Care); Dahuang Mudan Skin Decoction for Treating Intestinal Carbuncle (Jin Gui Yao lue Fang Lun) [2].
Stir-fried winter melon seeds are mild in coldness, fragrant in gas and invigorating the spleen, and good at moistening and turbid [2]. It is mostly used for damp-heat leukorrhagia and white turbidity, and is often combined with Cortex Phellodendri, Rhizoma Atractylodis, Rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae, Semen Euryales, and Cortex Toona sinensis.
14.4 storage method: store it in a dry container, seal it, and place it in a ventilated and dry place [2]. Mothproof [2].
Put it in a dry place to prevent insects and rats from biting. (Chinese materia medica)
15 The taste of winter melon seeds is sweet and cool [1].
Winter melon seeds are sweet and cold [2].
Sweet and cold (National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine).
Sweet; Slightly cold (Chinese Materia Medica).
Into the lung, large intestine and small intestine [1].
Return to lung; Large intestine meridian (Chinese materia medica).
16 the effect of winter melon seeds has the effects of clearing away lung heat, resolving phlegm, promoting diuresis and discharging pus [1].
Winter melon seeds have the functions of clearing away lung heat, resolving phlegm, eliminating carbuncle and discharging pus [2]. It is mostly used for phlegm cough due to lung heat, lung carbuncle and intestinal carbuncle at the beginning [2]. For example, Weijing Decoction for treating lung abscess (Prescription for Preparing a Thousand Daughters for Urgent Care); Dahuang Mudan Skin Decoction for Treating Intestinal Carbuncle (Jin Gui Yao lue Fang Lun) [2].
Winter melon seeds have the effects of clearing away lung heat, resolving phlegm and expelling pus (National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine).
Winter melon seeds have the functions of clearing lung-heat and resolving phlegm; Eliminating carbuncle and discharging pus; The effect of promoting diuresis (Chinese Materia Medica).
Stir-fried winter melon seeds are mild in coldness, fragrant in gas and invigorating the spleen, and good at moistening and turbid [2]. It is mostly used for damp-heat leukorrhagia and white turbidity, and is often combined with Cortex Phellodendri, Rhizoma Atractylodis, Rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae, Semen Euryales, and Cortex Toona sinensis.
17 indications of winter melon seeds are suitable for lung heat cough, lung carbuncle, intestinal carbuncle, etc. (National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicines).
Winter melon seeds control phlegm-heat cough; Carbuncle of lung; Intestinal carbuncle; White turbidity; Take it down; Beriberi; Edema; Gonorrhea (Chinese Materia Medica).
Winter melon seeds treat lung heat, cough, excessive phlegm, lung carbuncle and intestinal carbuncle [1].
Winter melon seeds treat gonorrhea, edema, dysuria and damp-heat leukorrhagia [1].
The chemical composition of 18 winter melon seeds contains 14% oil, in which the content of triglyceride is between 72% and 96%, and the main fatty acids are linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearicacid and palmitic acid. And octadecadienoic acid, octdecatrienoic acid, etc. It also contains lipid, including phosphatidyl choline (phosphatidylcholine), phosphatidylethanolamine (phosphatidyl serine), phosphatidylinositol (phosphatidylinositol), sphingomyelin and cerebroside (cerebroside). It also contains sterol compounds: βsitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, 24-ethylhexyl cholesterol 7,25 25dienol, 24-ethylhexyl cholesterol 7,22,25 trienol (24-ethylhexyl cholesterol 7,22,22). 25trienol),24 hexyl cholesterol 7 enol (24ethylcholesta7enlo),24 hexyl cholesterol 7,22 dienol (24ethylcholesta7,22 dienol), 24 α hexyl α cholesterol 8,22 dienol (24 β ethyl 5 α cholesta 8,22 β hexyl α cholesterol 8,22, But also contains triterpenoids; Glutinol, simiarenol, 5,24 cucurbituril (cucurbita5 5,24 24dienol). The seeds after fat removal contain protein-cooling components and inorganic elements such as selenium and chromium. (Chinese materia medica)
Winter melon seeds contain saponin, fat, citrulline and protein [1].
19 Pharmacological Effects of Winter Melon Seeds 19. 1 Immune Promotion Effects After the winter melon seeds were extracted with hot water, the dialysate was obtained by dialysis, which showed a concentration-dependent effect on mitogenic activity of mouse lymphocytes. The dialysate is a B cell mitogen, which has PBA (clonal B cell activator) activity and adjuvant activity, which significantly increases the number of PFC (plaque-forming cells) and shows immune promotion effect. (Chinese materia medica)
Inhibitory effect of 19.2 on trypsin Four components with trypsin activity were isolated and purified from winter melon seeds, two of which were small molecular trypsin inhibitors. (Chinese materia medica)
Usage and dosage of winter melon seeds: 9 ~15g [1]. Or shell and kernel [1].
0.5 ~12 (national compilation of Chinese herbal medicines).
Oral administration: decoction,1015g; Or grind it into powder. External use: appropriate amount, paste coating. (Chinese materia medica)
Note: Take it in the cold for a long time (Bielu of Famous Doctors).
2 1 various expositions 1. Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica: Yiqi.
2. "Don't record famous doctors": the main annoyance is not happy.
3. Cui Yuxi's "Food Classic": Li Waterway, go to fresh water.
4. "Rihuazi Materia Medica": Go to the skin, wind and peel off black GAN, and moisturize the skin.
5. Compendium of Materia Medica: Treating intestinal carbuncle.
6. "Herbal Classics": It can stimulate appetite and spleen.
7. "Materia Medica": Indications: heat accumulated in the heart meridian, watery stranguria, and wine residue on the nose, such as beans, pain and yellow water.
8. "Materia Medica from the New": Tonifying the liver and improving eyesight.
9. "Materia Medica": the main abdomen is agglomerated, and purulent blood is broken. Where there is stagnation in the stomach, the most important medicine is.
10. Chen Nianzu: It can moisten the lungs and resolve phlegm, and also benefit the stomach.
1 1. Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine: Treating Nephritis, Urethritis, Dysuria, Berberi and Edema.