1, which patients should not eat watermelon?
Watermelon is not for everyone to eat. Some patients, or in some cases, it is best not to eat watermelon.
Patients with oral ulcer. Although watermelon is rich in vitamins, it has diuretic effect. If people with oral ulcer eat more watermelon, it will make the normal water in the body excrete more through the diuretic effect of watermelon, which will aggravate yin deficiency and internal heat. And watermelon has a high sugar content, which is easy to prolong the healing time of ulcer surface.
Maternity. Maternal physique is weak, especially the gastrointestinal mucosa is particularly sensitive to cold stimulation. Too cold food can cause gastrointestinal spasm, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other symptoms, and even affect uterine contraction. This is something that maternal should pay special attention to. Don't eat cold watermelon.
Early stage of cold. In the early stage of a cold, patients should not eat more watermelons. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that watermelons have the function of clearing away internal heat, so eating watermelons at this time will aggravate the cold or prolong the course of the disease. However, when the cold gets worse and symptoms such as high fever, thirst, sore throat and yellow urine appear, eating some watermelons properly will help the patient recover. Watermelon is rich in vitamin A, vitamin B 1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, glucose, sucrose, fructose, malic acid, glutamic acid and arginine, etc. It has the effects of clearing away heat, relieving summer heat, promoting urination and lowering blood pressure, and has certain auxiliary effects on high fever and thirst, sweating due to summer heat, nephritis, oliguria and hypertension.
People with renal insufficiency. People with renal insufficiency should not eat too many watermelons. Because the renal function of renal insufficiency is less than that of normal people, if you eat a lot of watermelon, it will easily increase the water in your body, and the water will not be excreted in time, which will do harm to your body and may probably induce other diseases. Therefore, patients with renal insufficiency should eat less or not eat watermelon.
People with diabetes. Watermelon contains 5% sugar, mainly sucrose, glucose and some fructose. If diabetics eat too much watermelon in a short period of time, not only will their blood sugar rise, but even their illness may lead to acidosis and even life-threatening due to metabolic disorder. The daily intake of carbohydrates by diabetics needs to be strictly controlled. Therefore, if watermelons are eaten many times a day, the number of meals and flour products should be reduced accordingly to keep the balance of carbohydrates so as not to aggravate the condition.
2. Scientific ways to eat watermelon
Watermelon is people's favorite food in midsummer, but we should also pay attention to scientific methods when eating watermelon.
Don't eat iced watermelon. Eating iced watermelon on a hot day has a good effect on relieving summer heat, but it is very irritating to the stomach and easy to cause damage to the spleen and stomach, so we should pay attention to grasping the temperature and quantity of watermelon. Experts suggest that watermelons should be placed in the lowest layer of the refrigerator. The temperature here is about 8℃-10℃, and the temperature is also the best. The amount of watermelon should not exceed 500 grams at a time, and it should be eaten slowly. For allergic people who have dental caries and feel acid and pain after cold, and those with poor gastrointestinal function, it is not suitable to eat iced watermelon.
Eat watermelon in moderation. Watermelon is a cold food. Anyone who eats too much will damage the spleen and stomach, leading to loss of appetite, indigestion and decreased gastrointestinal resistance, causing abdominal distension and diarrhea.
Eat watermelon at the right time. Watermelon should not be eaten before or after meals. Watermelon is 94% water, a lot of water will dilute the digestive juice in the stomach, and eating it before and after meals will affect the digestion and absorption of food, and eating a lot of watermelon before meals will occupy the volume of the stomach, which will greatly reduce the intake of various nutrients during meals. For people who want to lose weight by dieting, eating watermelon between meals is a good way to reduce food intake.
3, diabetes should not eat food.
With the rapid development of China's economy, the number of diabetic patients has also shown a rapid growth momentum, and China has become the second largest diabetes country in the world after Indian.
Today, with the unprecedented development of material life, the unhealthy lifestyle based on unreasonable diet has had a great impact on human health. According to the survey, 60% of diabetic patients have the wrong diet and eating habits. How should diabetics eat?
4. Dietary principles of diabetes.
A low-sugar diet. Do not eat pure sugar-white sugar, brown sugar, rock sugar, maltose, honey, glucose and its products. All these are monosaccharide and disaccharide foods, which will make the blood sugar of diabetics rise rapidly after eating. In addition, there are foods that are not too sweet to eat, but often cause a significant increase in postprandial blood sugar, such as fried potatoes, taro, sweet potatoes (sweet potatoes, sweet potatoes), lotus roots, etc. These edible root foods under the soil layer should be paid attention to, except onions.
A low-salt diet. Cooking should put less salt, generally not more than 6 grams per day, and do not eat pickled vegetables. Eating too salty can not only increase the blood volume and blood pressure, but also increase the burden on the kidneys, fundus and heart, and promote or aggravate vascular complications. It can also activate and promote the activity of glucolytic enzymes in the small intestine, accelerate the absorption of sugar, and lead to an increase in postprandial blood sugar.
A low-fat diet. Use less grease. Don't eat greasy foods, especially foods containing animal fats, such as fried foods and foods made of animal fats, because these foods contain a lot of saturated fatty acids, which can increase your blood lipids and blood viscosity, and promote or aggravate arteriosclerosis; Moreover, the heat generated by fat is more than 1 times that of sugar and protein. First, it can directly cause obesity; second, it can produce and aggravate insulin resistance, which indirectly affects blood sugar.
Do not eat spicy food. Try not to eat spicy food. Such as hot pepper, pepper, mustard, pepper, etc., these foods can aggravate the symptoms of diabetic patients, but also help heat the fire, which is not good for the rehabilitation of diabetes. No smoking. It is absolutely correct not to smoke. Smoking will destroy your blood vessels, aggravate or cause insulin resistance, endanger the function and ability of nervous system, reduce immunity and affect the function of respiratory system.
No drinking. Try not to drink, abstinence is relative. Generally speaking, diabetic patients are not suitable for drinking, especially excessive drinking. This is because all wines contain a certain amount of alcohol, and alcohol is detoxified by the liver in the body. Because of the disorder of glucose metabolism, diabetic patients can't store glucose in the liver like normal people, so the detoxification ability of the liver is poor.
5. Dietary misunderstanding of diabetes.
Myth 1: only control the staple food, not the total calories. Some patients only control staple food, not non-staple food, and consume a lot of meat and fruit every day. As a result, the disease control is very poor. The correct concept should be to control the balance of total daily intake of calories. Excessive intake of meat food and cooking oil will cause excessive total calories. Therefore, it is advisable to eat more vegetables and coarse grains, especially coarse grains are rich in plant fiber, which can stimulate islet cells and promote insulin synthesis.
Myth 2: Fruits and vegetables are almost the same, so you can eat them casually. Fruit contains more sugar than vegetables, and patients with stable blood sugar control should eat it between meals. Fruit contains many trace elements, such as chromium and manganese, which is helpful to improve the activity of insulin in the body. Under the condition of blood sugar control, eating all kinds of fruits properly is of great benefit to the human body.
Myth 3: Eat dry rice first, then drink soup. People in China are used to having dry rice first and then soup. This kind of meal order is harmless to normal people, but for patients with type II diabetes mellitus, because of its high blood sugar after meals and obvious hunger, the eating method of "dry first and dilute later" will not only significantly increase blood sugar, but also not obviously relieve hunger. If we adopt the "dilute first, then dry" eating method, thin soup is at the bottom first, and then dry rice is eaten, which can not only alleviate hunger, but also slow down the rate of blood sugar rise after meals.
Myth # 4: Be a vegetarian and not eat meat. There are many high-quality proteins in animal foods, and the nutrients contained in them are easier to be absorbed by the human body. Of course, it is not scientific to eat more meat and less vegetarian. Eating more meat will inevitably lead to the high protein and the increase of animal fat intake. Excessive intake of meat and fat is the common problem of western-style diet. Therefore, a balanced diet is the most reasonable diet structure.
Myth 5: In order to reduce urination, you dare not drink water when you are thirsty. In fact, polyuria is not caused by too much water in the body, but by high blood sugar. The key to avoid excessive drinking and urination is to control hyperglycemia. Drink less water, the blood is thick, and hypertonic is easy to appear. Only water is not limited in the food taboo of diabetic patients, so drink more water.
Myth 6: Sugar-free foods can be eaten casually. Although sugar-free food does not contain monosaccharide or sucrose, it still contains carbohydrates like other foods. It is necessary to arrange a reasonable share of the total calorie intake in a day and not eat it casually.
Myth 7: The less staple food you eat, the better. On the premise of controlling total calories, the amount of staple food should be relaxed. The staple food is the cheapest and most direct source of heat supply. If the intake of staple food is too small, the body will decompose protein and generate heat from fat, which will further cause metabolic disorder of three nutrients and even produce ketoacidosis.
6. Exercise suitable for hyperglycemia
1, jogging
Jogging is called mild cardio-cerebrovascular gymnastics, which can stimulate the heart and blood vessels of human body very well. Sweating during running is very beneficial to health, which is not the same as the concept of sauna or sweating due to high ambient temperature. Sweating is expensive, and it is meaningful to sweat when the heart beats faster when running, because the constitution of diabetic patients is acidic, and sweating can make the environment in the body alkaline, thus reducing the incidence of inflammation, which will play a very good role in wound healing and skin dressing.
2. Take a walk
Walking is a relatively leisurely exercise. The so-called "it is better to take a break after ten exercises" emphasizes a kind of exercise that is left to its own devices. This kind of exercise is most beneficial to diabetic patients, because walking will not cause blood pressure to rise due to excessive fatigue, and in addition, it can be rescued in time when the heart beats faster or other discomfort occurs. Massage the abdomen while walking, which is suitable for patients with dyspepsia and chronic gastrointestinal diseases. Therefore, walking is not only good for diabetes, but also good for other diseases.
3. Aerobics
Many patients with diabetes have distal vascular necrosis, so many patients in the later stage of diabetes will have symptoms such as finger headache, swelling and numbness of toes. You can do it every day: pull up your body, support your feet, lift your heels off the ground, tiptoe up and down, and at the same time, open your arms and palms with all your strength to do the "grab" action. Every time you grab one, you will move under your feet. Do it for 5 minutes at a time, and do it every morning and evening.
4. Tai Ji Chuan
Practicing Tai Ji Chuan helps to relieve stress, improve balance and improve physical flexibility. Practicing Tai Chi by sugar friends also helps to lower blood sugar levels. A new study has found that sugar friends can obviously lower their blood sugar levels and improve their quality of life by attending Tai Ji Chuan training class twice a week, each time practicing 1 hour, and then practicing at home for 20 minutes three times a week.
5. Intermittent exercise
Intermittent exercise refers to adding several more intense exercises in the normal exercise process, such as jogging combined with fast running, walking combined with fast walking and so on. It is found that intermittent exercise is helpful to lower blood sugar level, improve cardiovascular health and enhance exercise perseverance. Experts suggest that the time to insert high-intensity exercise can be15-30 seconds at first, and then gradually increase to1-2 minutes.