1, calculation and preparation

According to the records of historical books and the discovery of archaeological materials, the ancient calculation plan is actually a small stick with the same length and thickness, which is generally13-14cm in length and 0.2-0.3cm in diameter, and is mostly made of bamboo.

It is also made of wood, animal bones, ivory, metal and other materials. About 270 pieces are in a bundle, put in a cloth bag and carried around at the waist. When you need to count and calculate, take them out and put them on the table, on the kang or on the ground to play with.

2. abacus

Abacus, also known as abacus, bead abacus is a simple calculation tool invented by our ancestors. The bead abacus originated in the Northern Song Dynasty, and the beads were counted in the Northern Song Dynasty. Abacus is a simple calculation tool invented and created by working people in ancient China.

China is the hometown of abacus. Today, computers have been widely used. The ancient abacus has not been abandoned, but it is in the ascendant in many countries because of its convenience and accuracy.

Therefore, people often compare the invention of abacus with that of four great inventions of ancient china. Because of its convenient and fast operation, the bead abacus has been widely used by working people in ancient China for thousands of years, and even the most advanced modern electronic calculator can not completely replace the role of the bead abacus.

UNESCO has just passed in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan, and abacus has officially become the intangible cultural heritage of mankind. This is also the 30th non-legacy project in China.

Extended data:

1, calculation rules for calculation and preparation

According to the ancient calculation rules of China, the notation of calculation and counting is as follows: one digit is vertical, ten digits are horizontal, one hundred digits are vertical again, one thousand digits are horizontal again, ten thousand digits are vertical again, etc. (you can check it in sogou), so that from right to left, vertical and horizontal alternate, and so on, you can express any large natural number by calculation and counting.

Because of the vertical and horizontal transformation between its bits, and each bit has a fixed pendulum, it will not be confused or misplaced. There is no doubt that such a counting method is completely consistent with the modern decimal notation.

2. Calculation rules of abacus

From right to left are, ten, hundred, thousand, ten thousand, one hundred thousand, and so on. The first vertical row on the far right, and the five beads below represent one, two, three, four, five. When it is five o'clock, stir a bead on it. The next bead stands for one. The upper bead represents five. When the first vertical row is full of ten, it will enter the tenth place. In the same way. The same is true in the back.

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