Although Qishan noodles with minced meat originated in Qishan County, xifu County, Shaanxi Province, it has already settled in Xi 'an and become a dazzling member of Xi 'an snacks. Nowadays, in Xi 'an, there are restaurants and restaurants serving different countries, nationalities and places in the streets. Among them, there are more than 1000 restaurants and restaurants named after Qishan noodles with minced meat. I think there are at least hundreds, and there are even more restaurants that operate noodles with minced meat without Qishan name. Therefore, it is a pity that domestic and foreign tourists failed to taste Qishan noodles with minced meat when they arrived in Xi 'an.
Xiashan people especially like minced meat noodles. Eat minced meat noodles every day during the New Year. For weddings, funerals and weddings, breakfast must be minced meat noodles, and lunch must be accompanied by wine, but two bowls of minced meat noodles should be added at the end. At lunch, guests can be noncommittal, but at breakfast, they should praise a few words to show their gratitude, because this is the yardstick of Qishan people's grand hospitality. Shameless noodles have also become the standard to measure a daughter-in-law's ability. Therefore, all mothers should teach their daughters noodles with shame. A native of Qishan, I don't know how to eat tens of thousands of tons of noodles with minced meat all my life. From generation to generation, noodles with minced meat have been inseparable from the lives of Qishan people. It can be said that Qishan people grew up eating noodles with shame.
Why is this? Some people say that Qishan is rich in high-quality wheat. Some people further think that China culture can be divided into Yellow River culture and Yangtze River culture. Yellow River culture belongs to wheat millet culture, and Yangtze River culture belongs to rice culture. Qishan and its surrounding area is an important area of wheat and millet culture, which is related to the teachings of Shennong and Zhou's departure from here. It certainly makes sense. But it seems that we can't stop there. Qishan is not the only place rich in wheat. Compared with Qishan, the quality of wheat can be compared in many places. Why only Qishan appeared and kept the tradition of eating minced meat noodles?
Li Xinru, a printmaker, is from Qishan. Member of China Artists Association, member of Folk Art Committee of China Arts and Crafts Society, was awarded the title of Associate Research Fellow for his theoretical research achievements in folklore and other fields. He put forward an interesting point; Qishan minced meat noodles only eat noodles instead of soup, so it is the custom of "simmering soup" to pour the leftover soup back into the pot. It was originally a derivative form of the "simmering" ceremony in the Zhou Dynasty. What's going on here?
It turns out that people usually only publicize how delicious Qishan noodles with minced meat are, but rarely talk about the authentic eating method of authentic Qishan noodles with minced meat. In this regard, Li Xinru said: "The common sense rule of eating minced meat noodles is to eat noodles without soup, but the leftover soup is never treated as waste soup, but it should be taken back to the kitchen, poured into the original soup pot, continuously heated, processed and supplemented, and repeatedly circulated between cabinets. At this kind of banquet, distinguished guests and old people should sit at the table and receive special respect. If they don't move chopsticks, the younger generation will hold their appetite for a while. Their leftover soup is called' Fubazi' for everyone to receive repeatedly. "
Li Xinru went on to say that the so-called "simmering soup" originated from the blessings of elders and distinguished guests. In fact, before the elders and distinguished guests moved chopsticks, the immortals had already' eaten'. Qishan residents, no matter whose wedding, funeral, family banquet, the first bowl of minced meat noodles must not be served on the table, but should be taken out and splashed with soup. The work of splashing soup is often a controversial issue among baby grandchildren. First, pour the soup twice outside the door, indicating that the god of heaven and earth has come to' Fu Bazi'. Then I went back to the building and poured soup on the memorial tablet of my ancestors, in order to give the ancestors the' blessing of heaven and earth'. After these ceremonies are completed, the banquet can be served, and the' blessing' of the elderly and VIPs can begin to circulate. "
The custom of Qishan noodles with minced meat originated in Zhou Dynasty and found a strong basis in the Book of Rites. In the Book of Rites, there are many discussions on "rice cakes" and "rice cakes" ceremonies. One of them says: "The husband sacrifices rice cakes, and the loss of rice cakes is also the end of the sacrifice ... The corpse is also a sacrifice of ghosts and gods. Keiya. You can observe politics ... because of the body, you married Qing. Dr Qi Jun is six people. I am also a minister. When the doctor started, there were eight people. Cheap and expensive. Scholars have their own opinions, and Chen Yutang and Baiguan go deep into them. In addition to the above, it is also. ..... "These arguments, in a nutshell, are that after the ancestors of the gods of heaven and earth were sacrificed, people ate the first-class leftovers one by one according to the order of generations. What do you mean "roe"? The ancients explained: "After eating, it is called' baking cakes', or' after eating', or' after offering sacrifices to the god of food'. "Sacrifice with bread" is an integral part of the ceremony of "Zhou", which is intended to remind the inferior people of the kindness of the first king of heaven and earth. This etiquette has naturally faded away in most parts of China, but Qishan, where Zhou people settled and multiplied, is still quite complete and has become a living fossil-like historical phenomenon.
I am the first bowl of noodles cooked by Qishan people at home. Usually I drink soup, but now all restaurants and farmhouses can drink soup.
But if you want to catch up with the weddings and funerals in your own country, you have to go back to the pot, so don't drink soup.
There is a legend: It is said that when the King of Wu attacked Zhou or at another time during the March, a big dragon fell from the sky and died in the military camp. However, because there are many soldiers and few dragons, there is only one dragon, so we have to pour the soup and meat with noodles and put the soup back into the pot for all the soldiers to taste. Unexpectedly, this way of eating has been handed down.
It was also because of the shortage of materials before. There are several dishes in the soup, so I went back to the soup to save money.
Now this habit is slowly changing.
Folk villages, restaurants, etc. There is no return to the pot, so you can have soup if you want.
I don't know the story. Let me explain it to you from my personal experience. During the Spring Festival, we eat minced meat noodles almost every day from the first day to the fifth day. The soup with minced meat contains a lot of lard and pepper. It's delicious, but greasy and spicy. Hot and sour minced meat noodles are delicious, but they are eaten in small bowls. Usually, you can eat three or five bowls without soup, but if you drink soup, it is estimated that two bowls will be full. Not to mention, you may feel upset with your stomach because it is too oily, too spicy and too sour, so it is better not to drink or drink less. What's more, people in Shaanxi usually drink noodle soup cooked with noodles, and don't deliberately drink noodle soup.
It may also have something to do with water shortage. When I was a child, we were still short of water. On holidays, black and white people entertain relatives and friends with minced meat noodles. A group of people want a big pot of soup, and there is not enough water to change the soup. It's basically the soup (it may be a little disgusting, but it's true). Later, the problem of water shortage was solved and people's ideas changed. They don't cook soup anymore, but the habit of not drinking soup still exists.
The noodles with minced meat in Qishan County are the most disgusting noodles with minced meat. . The noodles with minced meat in Qishan county don't drink soup, because Qishan county used to be a plateau and there was no water. We should put the soup that everyone had eaten in the pot and let others eat it again. We in Shaanxi call it the water surface, which means the surface of the mouth. This disgusting and unsanitary habit is still like this. The local government demanded a change. Every family has a wedding, and if it changes, it will give 500 yuan, but as far as I know, no one wants to. So our noodles with minced meat in Meixian are the best. If we marry people from Meixian County and Qishan County, we won't eat their minced meat noodles because it's disgusting.
As an authentic Qishan person, seeing so many people being misled by comments, I feel it necessary to clarify a few points. 1. Because our motherland has a vast territory and diverse climate types, each region has its own unique customs and human history. Please respect each other. After all, nobody wants to be reviled by others. Please also use civilized language, and don't attack personally. Let's solve the problem for everyone! 2. Qishan noodles with minced meat are also called pleasant noodles. Our family eats noodles with minced meat and soup, not because we are short of water, but because it is much better for us to eat deep groundwater than urban tap water. I'm not afraid of spending money. It doesn't cost much to make a pot of soup with minced meat. The reason why I want to eat like this is entirely because of customs and culture. There are related introductions at the end of the article. If you are interested, you can go and have a look. 3. Worried about unsanitary, first of all, the elderly and patients who eat noodles on the table will not go. Although the soup has returned to the pot, the soup pot has been open. You don't like it and no one makes you eat it, so you don't have to be so nervous. As for those who swear with their mouths open, please respect our custom. What would you do if someone said that about your hometown? 4. The characteristics of Qishan noodles with minced meat: soup, fried (high temperature), thin and prosperous (the main material of noodles with minced meat is Qishan meat, oil, and prosperous is oil, indicating that the materials are sufficient); Taste: sour, spicy and fragrant. What I want to explain here is hot and sour. The sour taste comes from the grain vinegar brewed by Qishan people themselves, also called Qishan balsamic vinegar. The sour taste will not be reduced even if it is cooked many times, which is incomparable to other vinegar. Spicy taste comes from spicy seeds. You can find out what it is. Spicy, soft and not irritating; Noodles: thin, strong and shiny. Noodles can only be tasted when they are thin. Noodles taste good when chewed. It looks like a bowl of noodles, but it is actually very particular. 5. If you are a food lover, Qishan noodles with minced meat won't let you down, provided that you must come to Qishan to eat real noodles with minced meat, or friends from Qishan will make them themselves. Qishan has many snacks and a long history and culture, so you must come. I'm glad you came. Qishan is the birthplace of Guxiqi and Zhou Culture. If nothing else, you must know the Duke of Zhou. Zhouyi culture also comes from this place, and most of the stories in the list of gods also happen here. Many people in Qishan brew their own vinegar and worship Jiang Ziya as the god of vinegar. Qishan is also the ancient battlefield of the Three Kingdoms, from which the story of the secret crossing of Ming Xiu Road and Chencang comes. Zhuge Liang also died of overwork in Wuzhangyuan, Qishan! 6. The historical origin of Qishan noodles with minced meat. In ancient times, Zhou people moved from tapir (bρn) (now Binxian and Xunyi in Shaanxi Province) to Qiyuan (now Qishan in Baoji, Shaanxi Province) and flourished in Weihe and Beiyuan. After the Weihe River, dragons were a disaster. After three years of drought, people are living in dire straits. The people of the Zhou clan could not bear to leave their homes developed from generation to generation and rose up to resist. The dragon was killed on the seventh day of the war. Hungry people killed the dragon and ate it collectively to celebrate their victory, which made them feel delicious. So when celebrating this victory in the future, pigs will be used instead of dragons and noodles to eat collectively. Later, it was extended to other festivals and sacrifices. This kind of minced meat noodles gradually spread and the practice gradually developed. It is said that Mr. Li Xinru from Qishan Cultural Center has also specially written a pamphlet called "God Food with Dish Noodles in Qishan". According to his research, the noodles with minced meat originated from the "final ceremony" of the body sacrifice system in the Zhou Dynasty, that is, the gods and ancestors were respected first, and the rest were your turn, and finally the ordinary people. This custom has a long history in Qishan. No matter who organizes the wedding, the first bowl of minced meat noodles will not be served first, and the younger generation will take it out and pour soup twice, symbolizing the sacrifice to the gods and the earth. The remaining soup will be called "Fubazi" and thrown on the ancestral tablet in the main hall, and then served in order of seniority and status. You can't throw away the soup left over from eating noodles in the past, but put it back in the pot. In other words, the meaning of the word "Yu Yu" has been taken away. Minced meat noodles are a light meal for guests in Qishan and Guanzhong areas. When the new wife comes to the door, the children celebrate their birthdays, and the old people celebrate their birthdays, they usually serve minced meat noodles. It is said that minced meat noodles originated from "longevity noodles" in the Tang Dynasty. Minced meat noodles developed and changed on the basis of "longevity noodles" in Tang Dynasty. "Jue Zaji" said: "There are many soup cakes on Tang people's birthdays, which are birthday noodles for relatives of the royal family and the national family. People on earth are also called' longevity noodles'. " Liu Yuxi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said in a poem, "I am a guest and eat soup cakes." Foods like noodles were called "soup cakes" in the Tang Dynasty. The "soup cake" mentioned in Liu Shizhong is "longevity noodles". It was a good place to entertain guests in the Tang Dynasty. According to legend, when Su Dongpo was an official in Shaanxi, he especially liked this kind of noodles and wrote a poem praising it: "I want to be a soup cake guest, but I am worried about writing the wrong book." According to historical records, the meat of Sao Zi appeared in the Northern Song Dynasty, and there were shops specializing in processing and selling the meat of Sao Zi recorded in Dream of Liang Lu. But whether there was a "face of shame" at that time is still unknown. In the Ming Dynasty, Gao Lian wrote down the practice of rolling pin in Eight Chapters of Respect for Life, so it can be said with certainty that rolling pin had already come out at least before Gao Lian wrote this book. Minced meat noodles are very valuable in Shaanxi. In addition to following the relevant customs of "longevity noodles" in the Tang Dynasty, such as eating on birthdays, it should be used to entertain guests at weddings, funerals or holidays.
Qishan minced meat noodles also have soup, which means you are full, so don't add any more noodles. There is only one soup in Qishan minced meat noodles. If you don't eat soup, you can always add noodles until you are full, and then you can eat soup. I'm not from Qishan, that's all I know, but I've been to Qishan and eaten Qishan minced meat noodles there. I don't know for the first time. I didn't know until I drank the soup.
Many people have eaten Qishan noodles with minced meat, and everyone commented that it is delicious, but few people talked about the authentic practice of authentic Qishan people eating authentic noodles with minced meat.
In fact, Qishan locals have a series of common-sense rules for eating minced meat noodles: they only eat noodles and don't drink soup, but the leftover soup should never be invalidated, but taken back to the kitchen and poured into the original soup pot for repeated heating, processing and replenishment. At this kind of banquet, VIPs and elders should sit at the table and receive special respect. If they don't move chopsticks, the younger generation will hold their appetite for a while. The leftover soup of the distinguished guests' elders is called "Fubazi", and everyone should collect it repeatedly. It is said that this habit was inherited from the Zhou Dynasty, that is, when the imperial court held large-scale sacrificial ceremonies and commemorative activities, it was necessary to enjoy food in turn according to status and distribute it to all the people present, but it was necessary to take turns to enjoy it in order and level.
The origin of the so-called "simmering soup" began with the blessings of elders and distinguished guests. In fact, elders and distinguished guests should worship a god and "eat" before moving chopsticks.
The local residents of Qishan, no matter whose wedding, funeral, banquet or holiday family dinner, must never serve the first bowl of minced meat noodles, but take it out and splash soup. The task of splashing soup is often a child's business. First, the person with the spoon pours the soup on the first bowl of noodles and gives it to the soup splashing person. The soup splashing person pours it once in front of the stove to worship the kitchen god. It is said that the kitchen god is the god in charge of diet. For the second time, a sacrifice was thrown in the middle of the yard; For the third time, pour soup on both sides of the door to pay tribute to God. This means that the great gods in the kitchen world have come to the "blessing". Finally, going back to the building to pour soup on the ancestral tablet is to give the' Fubazi' of heaven and earth to the ancestors. After these ceremonial ceremonies are completed, the banquet can be served, and the "blessing" of the elderly and VIPs can begin to circulate, and everyone can take turns to eat enthusiastically.
This custom of splashing soup is also the first step before the banquet in the sacrificial and commemorative activities of the Zhou Dynasty. Only the immortal ancestors have eaten it, and everyone can eat it. It can be seen that Qishan customs and noodles with minced meat are ancient!
Now people's thoughts are civilized, and everyone knows that it is unsanitary to return soup. Therefore, the habit of returning soup is basically changed to not returning soup! In particular, major restaurants pay great attention to sanitary conditions. Diners who love Qishan minced meat noodles can rest assured.
Make a rumor and cause trouble-Qishan noodles with minced meat only eat noodles instead of soup.
Whether you eat Qishan minced meat noodles or not depends on the noodle eater. People who eat noodles drink soup if they want it, and don't drink soup if they don't want it. People who drink soup can drink soup, and those who don't drink soup can't drink soup. Because soup is salty. However, most people who eat noodles will finish it. I have never heard of eating noodles shyly in a restaurant. No soup, no noodles Cooking steamed dumplings at home is only one bowl for one person, and even if there is a surplus, it will not be much, so it does not exist. The remaining steamed dumplings are poured into the pot, then made into steamed dumplings, and then steamed dumplings are added to the noodles. Because people who eat minced meat noodles will add other condiments, such as pepper, to minced meat noodles according to their own habits. Eating noodles at home is not enough. Add noodles and noodles, but never pour noodle soup into the pot. It is even more impossible for a restaurant to pour the guests into the pot with the remaining soup.
There is a saying in the countryside that eating a running mat means eating a batch and then eating a batch. At this time, the remaining soup will be poured into the pot and heated before use. The same is true of old age, rural areas or poor places.
So I said that Qishan noodles without soup is a special way to eat, which is untenable. Moreover, there are more than one way to eat Qishan noodles, and the common ones are: noodles with minced meat or minced meat.
Qishan noodles, which are hygienic, nutritious and have a special taste, are our favorite noodles in Shaanxi. Qishan noodles have also been praised and liked by foreigners.
If you drink too much soup, you will have no stomach to eat noodles, but in some places the soup will return to the pot.
It is not entirely right for Qishan to eat minced meat noodles instead of soup. Eating a bowl of noodles is all about blowing oil and drinking soup. The noodles are sweet and sour! ! Out of Qishan, you can't eat authentic noodles with minced meat! Because of vinegar! ! ! There is only vinegar brewed from Qishan water, but it is hard to buy Qishan vinegar now! Because the output is small, but also anti-corrosion, so we must blend! The vinegar brewed by farmers, if not refrigerated in summer, will be putty and worms! This minced meat must have good vinegar! Out of Qishan, many practices are seasoned with monosodium glutamate and chicken essence, which is not sour at all! !