Matteo Ricci (1552- 16 10), Italian Jesuit priest. He was sent by the church to preach in China. It started from Rome on 1577, passed through Genoa, Portugal and India, and arrived in Macao, China on 1582 in May. He has been to Guangzhou, Zhaoqing, Shaoguan, Nanchang, Beijing, Nanjing, Suzhou and other places. He used the knowledge of western cartography, surveying, astronomy, mathematics and geometry to associate with China intellectuals as a means of missionary work. The introduction of emerging western science and technology, such as Copernicus's astronomy and Euclid's geometry, objectively promoted the development of China's social economy, science and culture. He was a pioneer of cultural exchange between China and the West in modern times, and died in Beijing in May of 16 10. During his 28 years in China, he drew 10 kinds of maps of the world, including: Complete Map of Mountains and Seas 1584, 1600 and 1604 editions; Map of Mountains and Seas 1595- 1596 Edition; The whole map of geography 160 1 year edition; Great universal geographic map 160 1 year, 1602 and 1608; World Map 1606 engraving, etc. On his way to China, he measured the latitude and longitude of various places along the way. After arriving in China, he accurately measured the latitudes of Yangzhou, Huai 'an, Suzhou, Jining, Linqing, Tianjin, Beijing and those of Beijing, Nanjing, Datong, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Xi 'an, Taiyuan and Jinan. On the basis of a large number of measurements, the world map is drawn by projection method. Reflect the geographical knowledge gained from the great discovery of western geography in the map and transmit it to China.