1, planting environment
Galla chinensis is not strict with soil, and the soil that can grow crops can be used to grow Galla chinensis. It likes warm and humid climate, but also can resist certain cold and drought, barren and water, so there should be no relatively low-lying places for planting.
2. Planting method
The seeds of Rhus chinensis, Populus deltoides and Populus deltoides were bagged respectively, then soaked in running water for 6-7 days, taken out and rubbed by hand to remove the residual pulp and wax layer, then soaked in warm water at about 50℃ for 24 hours, and dried for sowing. Before sowing, the soil should be whole, the rake should be flat and thin, and the shallow flat ditch should be drilled according to the row spacing of 30-40cm. Finally, the seeds are evenly scattered in the ditch, covered with soil, and can be transplanted in the winter or the next spring.
3. Field management
(1) Topping and pruning: After gallnut planting, it is necessary to control the tree vigor in time, remove the terminal buds of young trees, and control the height of trees to about 2 meters. At the same time, it is necessary to prune branches reasonably, mainly pruning diseased branches, dead branches, dense branches and overgrown branches.
(2) Vegetation protection: In order to avoid the destruction of the growing environment, vegetation should be protected to destroy the growing conditions of winter hosts. Galla chinensis does not need intertillage and weeding, but can only cut shrubs and tall grass that grow too high properly, so that the yield and quality will be better.
(3) Anti-defoliation in summer: In addition to topping and pruning, we can also control defoliation and nutrient transportation by cutting the fruit tree of gallnut.
(4) Pest control: The main diseases of gallnut are anthracnose and black spot, which can be controlled by mancozeb, and the effects of carbendazim and thiophanate methyl are also very good. The main pests of Chinese gallnut are firefly beetle, broad-shouldered elephant, stinkbug, elephant beetle, etc. The main control methods are killing.
(5) stocking aphids that migrate in autumn: hanging aphids, collecting mature but not yet exploded aphids, hanging them on branches of aphids or placing them on moss under forests, so that they naturally burst and release aphids; Collect insects and release aphids, collect mature plovers, put them in wooden boxes or crocks, overlap them, with one layer of pine needles or straw and one layer of plovers, and cover them tightly with film.
Artificial rearing of insects means that the migrating aphids in autumn will give birth to overwintering young aphids on the moss cultivated in the insect rearing room, and in the next spring, the migrating aphids in spring will be collected manually and put on the double trees, or they will naturally fly from the insect rearing room to the double forest.
4, harvesting and processing
The harvesting time of gallnut is the best when the gallnut has grown and the aphids inside have not broken through the gall wall, and the time is about late summer and early autumn. At this time, the gallnut is shaped like a full olive, with brown or yellow appearance, a small amount of gray silky hairs, a skin wall thickness of about 1cm, and gray aphids with wings or winged buds hidden inside.
Picked fresh times should be scalded in boiling water in time. After picking, some large and substantial diploids should be left as insect species for the next year.