Diabetes has long been recognized in our country, and there were records of "eliminating phlegm" and "quenching thirst" in "Inquiring about Neijing" more than two thousand years ago. For thousands of years, Chinese medicine has accumulated rich experience in treating diabetes, such as Xiaoke Pill, Yuquan Pill and Liuwei Dihuang Pill, which are all effective prescriptions for treating diabetes.
[Dietary principle]1.For light patients, except for the decrease of carbohydrate, the protein and fat can be the same as usual. For patients with serious illness, the staple food should be controlled at 250-600g per day, and protein and fatty food should be added. When they are hungry, vegetables should be used to satisfy their hunger (such as chicken hair, Chinese cabbage, Chinese cabbage, rape, green vegetables, lettuce, water spinach, water celery, leek, lotus root, white radish, tomato, etc.).
2. It is advisable to eat fresh and light vegetables, such as yam, white gourd, wheat, mung bean, wolfberry head, Malantou, chrysanthemum brain, pig belly, pig pancreas and other therapeutic diets.
3. When diabetes is accompanied by complications, it is advisable to make corresponding diet aftercare and diet therapy.
The purpose of diet therapy is to make urine sugar disappear and fasting blood sugar drop to normal through diet control, so as to correct metabolic disorder and prevent various complications. At the same time, provide patients with enough nutrition to maintain their health, improve their working ability and prolong their life. Therefore, we should master the specific dietary requirements, and calculate the daily calories according to age, sex, height, standard weight and type of work (labor intensity). If the patient is pregnant, nursing or complicated with wasting disease, and the weight is lower than the standard weight, it can increase10 ~ 20% of the total calories; If the weight has exceeded the standard weight, it should be reduced, that is, the food intake should be reduced appropriately. The heat supply can be carried out according to the following requirements: obese people: the heat per kilogram of body weight per day should be controlled below 25 kilocalories; Severe emaciation: per kilogram of body weight per day, the calorie is above 30 kilocalories; Rest: heating 25~30 kilocalories per kilogram of body weight every day; Light manual workers: heating 30~35 kilocalories per kilogram of body weight per day; Moderate manual workers: the daily weight per kilogram is 35~40 kilocalories; Heavy manual workers: 40 kilocalories per kilogram of body weight per day. The standard of heat supply for children is: under 5 years old: daily 1 100~ 1400 kcal; 5~ 12 years old: daily 1600~2300 kcal; 13~ 19 years old: 2600~3000 kcal per day (male); 2500~2700 kcal (female). To control the intake of sugar, you can eat 200 ~ 350g (equivalent to grain weight) every day, and the heat provided should account for 55% ~ 60% of the total heat. It is generally believed that the daily staple food of rest people is 200 ~ 250g, and that of light manual workers is 250 ~ 300g. 300~400 grams of moderate manual workers; More than 400 grams of heavy manual workers. You can eat some coarse grains, vegetables, hard fruits (forbidden for obese people) and so on to delay the absorption of sugar. Protein's intake, adult's daily weight per kilogram 1 g; Pregnant women, nursing mothers, patients with malnutrition and complicated infection, the daily weight per kilogram1.2 ~1.5g; Children weigh 2-3 grams per kilogram per day. Generally speaking, due to metabolic disorder in diabetic patients, protein is decomposed too quickly and lost too much, which is prone to negative helium balance. Therefore, a proper amount of foods rich in protein, such as milk, fish, eggs, lean meat and bean products, should be supplemented in the diet. The intake of fat depends on the patient's specific situation. Generally, the daily dose is 0.6 ~1g per kilogram of body weight, and the total amount is 50~60 g. Due to the limitation of sugar content, emaciated patients can increase their fat content accordingly, but in principle, they can't exceed twice as much as sugar, otherwise the diet itself can lead to the production of ketone bodies, which will aggravate and induce acidosis. Obese patients should have strict fat restriction, which should not exceed 40 grams per day. In order to prevent arteriosclerosis, it is best to choose various vegetable oils and limit foods with high cholesterol, such as eating brain marrow, roe, egg yolk, fat meat and animal viscera as little as possible. As for vitamins, we should pay special attention to the supplement of vitamin B 1, because after the staple food is reduced, the intake of vitamin B 1 is insufficient, which is easy to cause various nervous system diseases. Common are numbness of hands and feet and polyneuritis. Coarse grains, beans, lean meat, etc. contain more vitamin B 1, so they can be used more. In addition, vitamin B2 and C supplements are also indispensable. At the same time, we should take enough inorganic salts, such as potassium and calcium.
Diabetic people can choose from the following foods:
1.Lean meat: pork, beef, sheep, chicken and fish, shrimp, rabbit, turtle and sea cucumber can be selected.
2. Bean products: dried tofu, shredded tofu, tofu, oily tofu, soybeans, etc.
3. Vegetables: Choose vegetables with low sugar content to increase satiety. If you can't finish the prescribed food, you can choose vegetables with more sugar, which can reduce the amount of food you eat.
4. Cooking oil: It is best to use sunflower oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, sesame oil, corn oil, etc.
5. Food: rice, white flour, millet, corn, etc.
6. fruits.
7. Milk (including milk, soybean milk, etc.).
Diabetic patients need to be taboo:
1.Do not eat sugar (brown sugar, white sugar), candy, jam, candied fruit, lotus root powder, various desserts, ice cream, dough powder, vermicelli, sweet potatoes, potatoes, carrots, etc.
2. Avoid smoking, alcohol, spicy and stimulating products.
3. Obese diabetic patients should avoid animal fat and internal organs (except pig's belly and pig's pancreas).
[Prescription for dietotherapy]1.Pancreas prescription: pig pancreas (also known as liver clip and joint paste)15g, cut into small pieces, wrapped with rotten skin, such as pea size, slightly soaked in warm water, and served with yam and Polygonum Multiflori Radix15g in decoction. Or put pig pancreas 1 utensil and yam 200g, add appropriate amount of water to stew, and season with salt, once a day, 1 4 of the total amount, and the course of treatment is not limited. Or wash several pig pancreas (both bovine pancreas and sheep pancreas), chop them up, bake them, grind them into fine powder, and take 3-5g each time three times a day. The course of treatment is unlimited.
2. Rhizoma Dioscoreae100g, and Radix Astragali 50g, decocted in water twice a day.
3. yam porridge: 60 grams of raw yam (peeled to paste), 60 grams of rice, butter and white honey. Add water to rice and cook porridge as usual. Stir-fry yam with ghee and honey, coagulate, crush with a spoon, and mix well in porridge. Used for breakfast in the morning.
4. Monopterus albus: Monopterus albus contains hypoglycemic ingredients, which is beneficial for patients to eat more.
5. Bitter gourd: contains substances similar to insulin, which has obvious hypoglycemic effect. Usage: Take fresh bitter gourd as food, with a meal of 1 00g and1day for 3 times. Or make bitter gourd into dry powder, and take 1 0g each time,1day three times. It is reported that the effective rate is 80%.
6. Onion: Its volatile oil can lower blood sugar. Usage: Stir-fry 1 onion for every meal, 1 onion twice a day. When frying, it is better to be tender and crisp, not to be boiled.
7. Celery: It has been circulated among the people since ancient times and can be used to treat diabetes. Use 500 grams of fresh celery, wash it, mash it and squeeze it, and take it twice a day/kloc-0. To be effective together.
8. Guava: It has been used to treat diabetes abroad for more than ten years and has a certain therapeutic effect. 250 grams of fresh fruit can be used every day, juiced and taken three times before meals.
9. Pig lung 1 set, Siraitia grosvenorii 1~2. Wash the pig lung and cut into pieces, and cook it with Siraitia grosvenorii into soup. When cooked, go to Siraitia grosvenorii. Eat lung and drink soup, the above amount is 2 days, and eat it at different times.
10. Sweet potato leaves and wax gourd: 50g of fresh sweet potato leaves and 0g of wax gourd 1 00g are chopped and stewed with appropriate amount of water, with a daily dosage of1dose, and the course of treatment is not limited.
1 1. Pumpkin; 250~500 grams of fresh pumpkin, cooked with water, served twice. The course of treatment is unlimited.
12. Cowpea: 50 grams of dried cowpea with shell, add appropriate amount of water to fry, and drink soup to eat beans. Daily 1 dose, with unlimited course of treatment.
13. Horse milk: 250 grams of horse milk, boiled and divided into 2 portions, drink 1 portion in the morning and evening. The course of treatment is unlimited.
14. Peas: green peas are cooked and eaten lightly, or young peas are mashed and juiced, half a cup each time, 1 2 times a day.
15. Sea cucumber, egg and pig pancreas each 1 piece, cooked, dipped in soy sauce, taken every day 1 dose.
16. foreign ginger: 30 ~ 60g of fresh foreign ginger root, 0/5g of dry/kloc-0, decocted in water.
17. carrot porridge: 50 grams of fresh carrots and 200 grams of japonica rice. Cut carrots into small pieces and add water to japonica rice to cook porridge as usual.
18. Radish porridge: fresh white radish, washed and cut into thin slices, mashed with juice, about 100 ml each time, or appropriate amount of fresh radish, washed and chopped. With japonica rice100g, add water and cook it into porridge as usual, and take it warm in the morning and evening.
19. Lycium barbarum porridge: Lycium barbarum15 ~ 20g, glutinous rice 50g, appropriate amount of white sugar in a casserole, adding 500ml of water, simmering with slow fire until the rice blooms and porridge oil appears when the soup is thick, and then stewing for 5min. Take it warm every morning and evening, and it can be eaten for a long time.
20. Pueraria lobata porridge: slice Pueraria lobata, water mill to obtain starch, take 30 grams of Pueraria lobata powder and 50 grams of japonica rice each time (soak for one night), put them in a casserole, add 500 ml of water, cook with slow fire until the rice porridge is thick, and serve it as a semi-fluid drink. Take it at a slightly warm time.
2 1. Pork tripe soup, fat pork tripe 1 utensil, washed, scallion and lobster sauce in moderation. After the pork belly is cooked and rotten, season the scallion and lobster sauce. Slice the pork belly, eat it on an empty stomach and drink soup when you are thirsty.
22. Fresh vegetable root100g, dried chicken's gizzard-membrane15g, decocted in water and taken twice or three times a day.
23. Wax gourd 1 kg, boiled with a little water, and squeezed with juice.
24. Watermelon peel and watermelon peel15g each, and Trichosanthes root12g each, and decocted in water.
25. Water spinach stalk 100 g, corn stigma 50 g, decocted in water.
26. Kidney beans (green beans) 100 grams, or 50 grams of dried pods, decoction for oral administration, 3 times a day.
27. 200 grams of mung beans, 2 pears and 250 grams of green radish, cooked and served.
28. Wash fresh persimmon leaves, soak them in salt, and eat 5~6 slices a day.
29. 50 grams of ebony, boiled water for future generations.
30. Loquat root100g, decocted in water and often drunk.
3 1. Pig pancreas 1 utensil, 30g of dried rehmannia root, boil pig pancreas in a earthen pot with appropriate amount of water first, and then fry yam and dried rehmannia root together. Eat meat with soup, or with meals, for continuous use.
32. Pig pancreas 1 utensil, 50 grams of Coicis Semen or 0/00g of Astragalus membranaceus 100, decocted in water, daily 1 dose, for 10 days.
33. 200 grams of pig pancreas and 30 grams of corn stigma, decocted in water twice,/kloc-0 twice a day.
34. 90g of corn stigma, 30g of trichosanthin, and 0/00g of lean pork/kloc-.First, stew pork with clear water, add corn stigma and trichosanthin when cooked, and fry with slow fire to make soup. Eating meat with soup is also good with food.
35. rabbit 1 rabbit, washed, cut into pieces, and decocted with appropriate amount of yam to get thick juice. Let it cool and drink it when you are thirsty.
36. Sea mussels take meat, mash it and stew it, and warm it several times a day/kloc-0.
37. Loach 10, dry in the shade, remove the head and tail to burn ash, and dry lotus leaves with the same amount as the end, 6 grams each time, adjusted with cold water, 3 times a day. The square name is "Wojiao San".
38. Hundreds of snails are soaked in water for one night. Bring water to a boil and drink it when you are thirsty. Change water once a day, or cook snails to eat meat and drink juice.
39. Boil glutinous rice 15 kg of porridge, add 2 kg of live snail after cold setting, and when the snail eats the porridge and spits out, collect its juice and drink it at will.
40. Wash cod viscera and cook cooked food or soup as usual. Cod pancreas is rich in insulin.
4 1. Mushroom culture solution has the function of lowering blood sugar, so it is often used as a dish or boiled juice to improve the symptoms of diabetes.
42. Appropriate amount of wheat bran and coarse wheat flour, eggs 1 piece, lean meat100g chopped, vegetables chopped, seasoned with appropriate amount of oil and salt, and made into cakes or paste as the staple food, instead of white rice and refined flour.
43. Soft fried pigeon with white flowers: 250g pigeon meat, 50g yam powder, 3g soy sauce, 3g yellow wine, 50g raw flour, monosodium glutamate 1 g, vegetable oil1000g, salt pepper10g, and 5 eggs (with egg white).
44. Boiled old duck with Euryale ferox: 200g Euryale ferox, old duck 1 duck, onion, ginger, salt and yellow wine. After the duck is slaughtered, the hair piles and internal organs are removed and washed. Wash Gordon Euryale and put it into the belly of the duck. Put the duck in a casserole, add onion, ginger, salt, yellow wine and clear water (appropriate amount), boil it with strong fire, then cook it with slow fire for two hours until the duck is crisp and rotten, and then add monosodium glutamate and stir well.
45. Stewed mussel meat with corn stigma: corn stigma100g, mussel meat150g, salt, onion, ginger, yellow wine and monosodium glutamate. Wash the corn stigma, put it into a gauze bag, and tie the bag tightly. Wash mussels and cut them into pieces for later use. Put the mussel meat and gauze bag into a casserole, add salt, ginger, onion, yellow wine and clear water (appropriate amount), boil with strong fire, then stew with slow fire until the mussel meat is cooked, and then add monosodium glutamate and stir well.
46. Auricularia auricula and lentil powder: divide Auricularia auricula and lentil into equal parts, grind them into flour, and take 9 grams each time to treat diabetes.
47. Wheat bran: For the treatment of diabetes, 6/10 wheat bran and 4/10 flour were mixed with eggs to make food. In the outpatient group, 3/4 wheat bran was first mixed with a little soybean oil, tea and eggs to make a steamed wheat bran meal. You need 500 grams of wheat bran every day for the first time, and gradually reduce the content of wheat bran with the improvement of the disease. During the whole course of treatment, no other drugs or nutrients are given.
48. mussel soup: 200 grams of mussel meat, 50 grams of vermicelli, 25 grams of vegetable oil, 2 slices of ginger, 5 grams of onion, 2 grams of refined salt 10, 2 grams of pepper and 0/5 grams of yellow rice wine/kloc-0.
49. Stir-fried celery with shredded vegetables: 450g of celery, 50g of carrot, 50g of mushroom with water, 50g of vegetable oil, 2g of refined salt, 5g of chopped green onion, and 0/g of monosodium glutamate/kloc. Stir-fry according to the usual method.
50. Mushroom stewed gourd: 300 grams of gourd, mushroom 100 grams, 50 grams of vegetable oil, 4 grams of refined salt, monosodium glutamate 1 gram, wet starch 15 grams. Slice the gourd and stew it with mushrooms in the usual way.
5 1. Braised rabbit meat: "Compendium of Materia Medica" describes: To treat thirst, take rabbits 1 rabbit, peel their paws and five internal organs, add water to fry them thick, remove the residue and make them cool, and drink them when thirsty. Only two rabbits are extremely heavy. The present preparation method is as follows: raw materials: 700g of rabbit meat, 4 slices of ginger, 50g of yellow wine, 3g of refined salt, 2 scallions with pepper 1 g, 30g of soy sauce and 0g of lard100g. Braise the crisp rabbit meat as usual, and you can eat it. It is not advisable to add sugar to taste.
52. 300 grams of sheep pancreas. Method: Wash fresh sheep pancreas with cold boiled water, cut it into pieces, put it in a stone mortar and mash it into mud, and wrap it in gauze to take juice. Usage: each time10ml, taken three times a day. Or cut the washed sheep pancreas into strips, wrap it in tofu skin and swallow it raw, every morning and evening/kloc-0 times.
53. Pork tripe 1 pig, 250g of Rhizoma Coptidis. Method: Remove the fat film from the pig's belly, wash it clean, grind Coptidis Rhizoma into powder, tie it tightly with hemp, stew it with water until the pig's belly is thoroughly cooked, put it in a mortar and mash it into pills, such as soybeans, and dry it for later use. Usage: 6 6~ 10/0g each time, three times a day, with warm boiled water. Half a month is 1 course of treatment.
54. Pig spine (with pith)100g, corn stigma 50g. Method: Add appropriate amount of water to the pith pig spine and corn stigma, and decoct with slow fire 1 hour. Replace tea with soup, no matter how many times.
55. Rabbit bone 250g, barley seedling100g. Crush rabbit bones, add 2000 ml of water to barley seedlings, and simmer for 1~2 hours. Replace tea with soup, no matter how many times.
56. Pig bone1.5 kg, pine bark100g. Wash the second bark of pine tree and add appropriate amount of water together with fresh pig bones, stew for 2 hours, remove the bones and bark, and drink tea with soup instead of tea, no matter how many times you are thirsty.
57. Stewed tortoise with corn stigma: corn stigma 1 00g (50g of dried product), tortoise1piece, onion, salt and yellow rice wine. Put the tortoise in hot water to discharge urine, then put it in boiling water to die, and remove its head, claws and internal organs. Wash the corn stigma, put it in a gauze bag, and tie the bag tightly. Put the tortoise (Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis) and gauze medicine bag into a casserole, add ginger, onion, salt, yellow wine and clear water (appropriate amount), boil with strong fire, and then stew with slow fire until cooked.
58. 50g Adenophora adenophora, turtle 1 piece. After the turtle is killed, the head, feet, bones, nails and internal organs are removed, washed, and mixed with Radix Adenophorae with appropriate amount of water, stewed with slow fire to make thick soup, seasoned with onion and ginger, and the dregs are removed. Eat meat in soup at different times, which is 1 day.