First, five types of kitchen planning
The basic concept of kitchen design is "triangular workspace", so the vegetable sink, refrigerator and stove should be placed in appropriate positions, ideally triangular, and the distance between them should not exceed one meter. At the beginning of the design work, the most ideal way is to take the daily housework procedure as the basis of the design.
1, I-shaped: all the work areas are arranged on one wall, which is usually used in the case of small space and narrow corridors. All work is done in a straight line, saving space. But the workbench should not be too long, otherwise it will easily reduce efficiency. Under the condition of not obstructing the passage, a retractable or foldable panel can be arranged in case of emergency.
2. L-shape: The three work centers of cleaning, catering and cooking are arranged in the interconnected L-shaped wall space in turn. It is best not to design the L-shaped side too long, so as not to reduce work efficiency. This kind of space is widely used and economical.
3. U-shape: The working area has two corners, which have roughly the same function as the L-shape and require a large space. The sink is best placed at the bottom of the U-shape, and the catering area and the cooking area are set on both sides, so that the sink, refrigerator and cooker are connected into a regular triangle. The distance between the U-shapes is from120cm to150cm, so that the total length and sum of triangles are within the effective range. This design can increase more collection space.
4. Corridor type: arrange the work area on parallel lines on both sides. In the distribution of work center, cleaning area and catering area are often arranged together, while cooking lives alone. If there is enough space, the dining table can be arranged at the back of the room.
5, variant: evolved according to four basic forms, and can be innovated according to space and personal preferences. It is a novel and unique design to separate the kitchen table into an island type; The table top design has been added in appropriate places, which can be flexibly used for breakfast, ironing, flower arrangement, wine mixing and so on.
Second, the 22 basic principles of kitchen decoration:
1, the design of the kitchen should be considered to reduce the labor intensity of the operator and facilitate the use.
2. The height of the kitchen gas stove should be 700mm from the ground.
3. Kitchen design should reasonably arrange cooking stoves, range hoods, water heaters and other equipment, and the installation, maintenance and use safety of these equipment must be fully considered.
4. The decorative materials of the kitchen should be elegant in color, smooth in surface and easy to clean.
5. The kitchen floor should be made of non-slip and easy-to-clean ceramic blocks.
6. The top surface and wall of the kitchen should be made of fireproof, heat-resistant and easy-to-clean materials, such as glazed tile wall and aluminum ceiling.
7, the kitchen decoration design should not affect the kitchen lighting, ventilation, lighting and other effects.
8. It is forbidden to move the gas meter, and the gas pipeline shall not be concealed. At the same time, it should be considered that meter reading is convenient.
9, the kitchen is a place to cook, hard work. In order to reduce labor intensity, it is necessary to apply ergonomic principles and make reasonable layout.
10, safety should be considered first in design.
1 1, the kitchen is practical first, and it can't just be designed on the principle of beauty.
12, kitchen lighting needs to be divided into two levels: one is the lighting for the whole kitchen, and the other is the lighting for washing, preparation and operation.
13. According to the different needs of everyone, the refrigerator, oven, microwave oven, dishwasher, etc. are arranged in the appropriate position in the cupboard for easy opening and use.
14, the low cabinets in the kitchen are best made into drawers, which are easy to take and put by pushing and pulling, and the vision is better. Hanging cabinets are generally made into multi-layer grids with a width of 30 to 40 cm.
15, the gap between the hanging cabinet and the operating platform can generally be used to put some utensils needed for cooking.
16, many places in the kitchen should consider preventing children from being in danger.
17. Set yourself an additional platform where you can sit and work.
18, there is a large amount of garbage in the kitchen, and the smell is big, so it is easy to put it in a convenient and hidden place.
19, kitchen furniture, design depends on the owner's figure.
20. The height of the range hood is subject to the height of the user, and the distance between the range hood and the stove should not exceed 60 cm.
2 1, the materials used in the internal design must be easy to clean, and it is best to choose materials that are not easy to pollute, easy to clean, moisture-proof, heat-proof and durable. Ceramic tiles and plastic floors can meet these requirements.
22. If the kitchen is large enough, a small dining table can be placed, so that it can also be used as a dining room. There is no need to find another space as a dining room. Carpets can be placed under the dining table to separate the space.
Third, the kitchen decoration needs attention.
1, the height of the workbench is set according to the height of the human body, and the height of the cabinet is suitable for the height of the people who use the kitchen most often. The height of the workbench should be 800-850 mm; The distance between the workbench and the bottom of the hanging cabinet is about 500-600 mm; The height of the cooktop with binoculars is preferably no more than 600 mm. The door handle of the hanging cabinet door should be convenient for the height of the most frequent users, and the place convenient for taking and storing is best used for placing common articles.
2. The distance between the dining table or bar in the open kitchen is moderate, and the table top can be raised to 1000- 1 100 mm, and the height of the chair or bar stool can be about 400-450 mm.. Adding a foot pedal under the bar can make people sit comfortably.
3. The cabinet panel emphasizes durability, and the cabinet door panel is the main facade of the cabinet, which has an important impact on the look and feel and use function of the whole cabinet. Fireproof rubber sheet is the most commonly used door panel material, and the cabinet panel can also use clear glass, frosted glass, aluminum plate, etc., which can add a sense of the times to the design.
4, lighting should give consideration to discrimination, the kitchen lighting is better to use fluorescent lamps that can keep the primary colors of vegetables and fruits, which not only makes dishes play an attractive color, but also helps housewives to have high discrimination when washing.
5. A more economical and practical choice for the ceiling is to install a grating reflective lamp panel, which is sufficiently illuminated and convenient for disassembly and cleaning; The lower part of the hanging cabinet can also be equipped with lights to avoid hand shadow caused by the light from the ceiling, which is further convenient for washing.
6, pipeline layout pipeline layout pays attention to skill, with the kitchen equipment becoming more and more electronic, in addition to the basic equipment such as refrigerator, rice cooker, range hood, there are disinfection cupboards, microwave ovens, plus various food processing equipment, so the plug distribution must be reasonable and sufficient.