Writing pens are mainly pen-type writing instruments with metal as the pen body. The hollow pen tube holds ink (mostly black or blue). Through gravity and capillary action, it passes through the duckbill type. The writing tool of the pen, which has different weights when writing, can be said to be the writing tool of Western calligraphy. The ink in most fountain pens is refillable, usually using an eyedrop vial or a straw to refill the ink. The earliest historical records of water-filled fountain pens date back to the 10th century, and this earliest water-filled fountain pen was used until the 18th century. Development was slow, however, until the early 19th century, when a fountain pen patented for steadily accelerating flow was invented during the production process. Only three key inventions made the fountain pen a widely popular writing instrument. These inventions were: iridium gold nibs, hard rubber, and free-flowing ink.

The dip pen is just a type of pen. The pen tip is made of metal, and the pen tip is dipped in ink to write. The characteristic of the dip pen is that the lines can flexibly change in thickness according to the strength, angle and the amount of ink dipped in it. However, it requires frequent dipping of ink during the writing process, so it is not very convenient.