Phellinus igniarius is a fungus belonging to Phellinus igniarius of Pucciniaceae. The fruiting body of Phellinus igniarius is basidiocarp, which is irregular round or semicircular. The fruiting body of Phellinus igniarius is dark brown, dark brown to grayish black, cork when fresh, and hardwood when mature and aging. The major diameter of fruiting body is 3-2 1 cm, and the minor diameter is 2- 1 cm. The surface of the orifice opposite the Phellinus igniarius cap is egg-yellow to dark brown, with homogeneous or heterogeneous meat quality and a thickness of 2-8 cm. Spores are ovoid or nearly spherical, pale yellow to dark yellow, with obvious wall thickness and smooth shape.
The earliest medical records of Phellinus igniarius can be traced back to Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica in Han Dynasty, and the Compendium of Materia Medica in Ming Dynasty has medical descriptions such as "benefiting five internal organs, activating gastrointestinal qi and expelling toxin". Phellinus igniarius is included in the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and its composition, pharmacology and compound prescription are recorded in detail. In recent years, the chemical constituents of Phellinus igniarius have been continuously separated and identified, and most of its medicinal effective components are manifested in regulating immunity, anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, lowering blood sugar, protecting liver, inhibiting bacteria and diminishing inflammation.