Wash your face with warm water once or twice a day to clean your skin. Avoid squeezing or scratching skin lesions by hand. Avoid using oil and powder containing glucocorticoid, cosmetics, ointments and creams.

2. Common methods of acne treatment

(1) Topical drugs include tretinoin (tretinoin cream, adapalene gel and tazarotene gel), benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics (clindamycin, erythromycin and chloramphenicol), azelaic acid and sulfur lotion.

(2) Tetracyclines (minocycline, doxycycline, etc. ) is the first choice for oral antibiotics, followed by macrolides (erythromycin). Avoid choosing antibiotics commonly used to treat systemic infections, such as levofloxacin. The course of antibiotic treatment is usually 6 ~ 12 weeks.

(3) Oral isotretinoin for severe acne, oral isotretinoin is the standard therapy and the most effective method to treat acne at present. The goal of the course of treatment is to achieve the lowest cumulative dose of 60 mg/kg.

(4) Anti-androgen therapy, such as oral contraceptive compound cyproterone acetate tablet (trade name Diane -35), is suitable for female patients with moderate and severe acne, accompanied by high androgen level (such as hirsutism and seborrhea) or polycystic ovary syndrome. Female patients with acne and acne before menstruation can also consider using oral contraceptives.

(5) Oral glucocorticoid is mainly used for fulminant or aggregated acne, following the principle of short-term, low-dose and combined application with other methods.

(6) Other patients who can't tolerate or don't want to receive medical treatment can also consider physical therapy, such as PDT, fruit acid therapy and laser therapy.

3. Graded treatment of acne

Grade (1) 1 For general local treatment, tretinoin preparation is the first choice for external use.

(2) Grade 2 combined with tretinoin and benzoyl peroxide or external antibiotics, and oral antibiotics when necessary.

(3) Grade 3 often requires combined treatment, and oral antibiotics combined with benzoyl peroxide and/or retinoids are the first choice. Female patients with indications can also consider antiandrogen therapy.

(4) Grade 4 oral isotretinoin is the most effective treatment and can be used as first-line treatment. For those with more inflammatory papules and pustules, antibiotics combined with benzoyl peroxide can be systematically applied first, and then isotretinoin is taken orally for sequential treatment after the skin lesions are obviously improved.

4. Maintenance treatment of acne

No matter what treatment method is adopted, we should continue to maintain treatment after the skin lesions have obviously subsided. Tretinoin drugs are the first choice for external use, which can be maintained for 6 ~ 12 months, and can be combined with benzoyl peroxide if necessary.