Summary of Sunflower Industry Development in Gannan, the Hometown of Sunflowers in China

Sunflower is the main crop in gannan county. Farmers have traditional cultivation habits, with an area of 600,000-800,000 mu. In 2007, the county planted 800,000 mu, accounting for more than one third of the province's planting area, and achieved sales income of 300 million yuan. This alone, the per capita net income of farmers is 1 1,000 yuan, accounting for 45% of the per capita income of farmers, which increases the tax revenue for local finance by 3 million yuan. In recent years, our county insists on playing the green card, taking the characteristic road, grasping the market, adapting to local conditions, applying science and technology, guiding and supporting, and making the sunflower industry bigger and stronger. Sunflower industry is the pillar industry in our county. Its production level, quality and industrialization development are directly related to farmers' income, county and township financial construction and rural surplus labor transfer, and it has become the main channel for farmers to increase income and tax.

Gannan county has a unique advantage in developing sunflower industry. Sunflower planting areas are limited to semi-arid and arid areas with irrigation conditions. Our county is an arid area with water-saving irrigation infrastructure and basic location conditions. Our county has the only sunflower research institute in Northeast China. According to farmers' years' experience in planting sunflowers and the research of supporting technologies, the cultivation technology model of sunflower yield per mu 175 kg was formed, which has technical application potential. The per capita arable land in our county is large, which is beneficial to sunflower rotation and planting structure adjustment. The first is the location advantage. Gannan county is located in the windy and sandy semi-arid area in the west of Heilongjiang Province, with less precipitation in the same season of rain and heat, which is suitable for sunflower growth and development, and less rainfall in summer, which creates favorable conditions for sunflower pollination, helps to improve sunflower seed setting rate and lays a good foundation for high yield. In recent years, driven by Gannan, large areas of sunflowers have been planted in surrounding counties. Gannan and surrounding counties planted about 1.60- 1.8 million mu, accounting for 20% of the national edible sunflower area and 1.5% of the total output. It has become the largest distribution center for edible sunflowers in northeast China. The second is the advantage of scientific research. Gannan county Sunflower Research Institute is a professional sunflower research institute in Northeast China. Over the past 20 years, the researchers in this institute have accumulated rich breeding resources, with more than 1000 varieties of materials, and cultivated high-quality edible sunflower varieties Gankui 1 No.2 and No.3, which have been popularized in the vast suitable areas inside and outside the province. There are 0/5 senior agricultural technicians, 97 intermediate technicians and 63 professional technicians above junior level in gannan county, and a lot of detailed data and planting experience have been accumulated in long-term production practice and scientific research. Especially in the past three years, around the development of sunflower industry, brainstorming, going out, please come in, docking large and medium-sized enterprises, attracting investment, has opened up a new world for cultivating, expanding and perfecting sunflower market. Sunflower hybrid breeding has initially cultivated three strains, forming a high-quality and high-yield cultivation model. The improvement of scientific and technological content and marketing level in the first raw material workshop, the second deep processing workshop and the third market sales link, and the third is brand advantage. Gannan is the "hometown of sunflowers in China" and enjoys a high reputation in China and Asia. Gannan is a standardized and pollution-free production base of green food raw materials (sunflowers) in China. Yinhe brand sunflower seeds have long been the main edible varieties in Northeast China. Sunbaby sunflower seed was certified by the national pollution-free agricultural products, Yinhe sunflower seed was awarded the national A-level green food label, qiaqia sunflower seed was a well-known trademark in China, and Gankui No.2 was awarded "Yangling". The fourth is the climate advantage. Sunflowers are suitable for planting in arid and semi-arid areas. For sunflowers planted in humid and semi-humid areas with more precipitation, the seed setting rate is low and the disease is serious, so it is difficult to obtain high yield. Gannan county is located in the semi-arid continental monsoon climate zone, with low humidity, strong wind and many times. Whenever rain and water drops fall with the wind and wet the soil, they stay in the soil for a short time. Under the condition of low humidity, pathogenic bacteria are not suitable for growth and development. The fifth is the market advantage. Sunflower is the fifth largest oil crop after soybean, rape, peanut and sesame. It is full of treasures, and the oil yield is generally 22-36%. It is an important healthy food. It can be eaten raw or used as edible oil, and has the functions of protecting organs, moistening skin, enhancing the absorption and utilization of vitamins A, D, E and K, preventing aging, caring skin and keeping fit. The oil has strong gastrointestinal absorption capacity, reaching 93.5%. Sunflower oil contains unsaturated fatty acids, the content of which is as high as 89.4%, of which soybean oleic acid content is 73.9%, which is much higher than other vegetable oils such as soybeans. Sunflower oil is an important industrial raw material, and the flowers, plates and stems of sunflower can be comprehensively utilized. The roots, stems, leaves and seeds of sunflower can be used as medicine, so sunflower is full of treasures, and its product development and market are very broad.

On the basis of giving full play to the above five advantages, our county has taken the following four measures, which effectively promoted the rapid development of sunflower industry.

First, grasp the base and expand the scale.

In order to promote the scientific planting of agricultural exhibitions and highlight the typical demonstration and guiding role, in 2008, a demonstration base of 10 mu of improved sunflower, a breeding base of "Gankui No.2" of 3,000 mu and a production base of "qiaqia" of melon seed raw materials were established in 8 towns and villages in the county, and a production base of 40,000 mu of A-level green food sunflower was established, which was green. This is a breakthrough in the history of sunflower development in our county. Negotiating with Huatai Group to build a large-scale roasted seeds and nuts factory has formed a leading enterprise with a base, which has promoted the industrialization chain of farmers and effectively promoted the development of sunflower industry.

Second, grasp science and technology to improve quality and efficiency.

The first is to promote varieties. Our county has the only sunflower research institute in Northeast China. The series of varieties cultivated by the institute have passed the provincial appraisal, and have the characteristics of high yield, good quality and strong stress resistance, and become the main varieties of sunflower production. By vigorously promoting the series of "Gankui" varieties, the improved varieties of sunflower cultivation have been realized. This year, the promotion rate of "Gankui No.2" improved varieties in the county reached 100%. The second is to grasp the innovation of cultivation technology. According to farmers' planting habits for many years, the "sunflower 175kg cultivation technology model" suitable for sunflower production in our county was summarized. The contents of the model include suitable density, sowing date, formula fertilization, artificial pollination, sunflower stem borer control, water-saving irrigation and many other research contents that have never been involved before. This year, our county used this technology model in the demonstration base of fine sunflower and green food base, sent professional technicians to give on-site guidance, kept the technology unchanged, and issued the "Sunflower 175kg Planting Pattern Map" throughout the county, allowing farmers to operate according to the model, effectively promoting the development of sunflower planting to the model. The third is water-saving irrigation. In view of the reality of nine droughts in ten years in our county, we will vigorously develop water-saving irrigation. Because the planted sunflower is located in the water-saving irrigation area, the maturity of sunflower is high under sufficient accumulated temperature and irrigation conditions, and the quality of sunflower is maintained. The county has 800,000 mu of sunflowers, 70% of which are planted on plots with irrigation conditions. The fourth is to develop green food production. Our county regards the development of green food sunflower as a breakthrough to expand the sunflower industry, insists on playing the green card, actively promotes the use of biological fertilizers and Trichogramma biological control technology for sunflower borers, and selects plots suitable for the quality of green food production environment. 40,000 mu of "Yinhe" brand green food sunflower has been standardized, and has passed the national certification and obtained the green label. This year, 70,000 Trichogramma cards were put into the county, and the sunflower population rate dropped to 2%. The fifth is to establish a science and technology demonstration park. In order to strengthen the experiment, demonstration and popularization of sunflower production technology, Yinhe Village, Yinhe Town has established a sunflower supporting technology demonstration zone with an area of 500 mu, and implemented 7 experimental projects and 4 demonstration projects. Reliable data have been obtained in variety screening, suitable density, optimal sowing date, sunflower intercropping, large ridge close planting, seed coating agent use, plastic film mulching, formula fertilization and so on, which provided technical guarantee for the high-quality development of sunflower in our county. The sixth is standardized production. The first is the improvement of investment level. Most farmers think that sunflower is a kind of "Pyra" crop, which can be harvested without chemical fertilizer. In fact, sunflower is a very land-consuming crop. In this regard, this year we will first increase fertilizer input in the demonstration of improved sunflower, with an increase of 5-7.5 kilograms per mu. Secondly, they are all excellent varieties "Gankui No.2". Prevent varieties from being mixed, increase yield but decrease quality. Third, the scientific and technological content has increased. All bases are treated with seed coating agent, and optimized formula fertilization, Trichogramma biological control of sunflower borer, increasing land preparation area, scientific rotation, appropriately increasing plant spacing, giving full play to the effect of increasing yield per plant, and adopting intercropping planting methods to explore scientific methods suitable for local sunflower planting.

Third, grasp the market and do a good job in circulation

We regard the cultivation of sunflower professional market as an important link to make the sunflower industry bigger and stronger, and insist on going out, introducing and opening up the sunflower market. Through cooperation with Huatai Group, we organized Huatai Group's distributors in Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, the Philippines, Macau, Taiwan Province Province and other places to inspect sunflower production in our county. The county party committee and government organizations participated in the Russian Economic and Trade Fair, Hong Kong Food Festival, Heilongjiang Green Food Week, Dalian Agricultural Fair and Fuzhou Cross-Strait Economic and Trade Fair, and promoted sunflower brands such as "sunflower", "evergreen" and "Yinhe". And also through online publishing information, online transactions. On the basis of investigating the production situation of major sunflower producing areas such as Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi, we have vigorously cultivated specialized markets and successively supported the construction of sunflower markets and main sales areas such as Changshan Township, Gannan Town, Xinglong Township and Baoxiangshan, the largest sunflower producing areas in Northeast China. Established 10 sunflower sales association, and established a team of 500 sunflower brokers. At present, the sunflower market in our county has spread all over more than ten provinces and regions, and has entered the international market system, accounting for 20% of the domestic market share. Sunflower market has also promoted the development of transportation and catering services.

Fourth, grasp the leadership and strengthen the service.

The county party committee and government regard the development of sunflower industry as the top priority of rural economic development. First, a leading organization to promote sunflower industrialization was established. The county leaders in charge of agriculture took the lead, and the county agricultural commission, agricultural technology extension center, water conservancy, credit cooperatives and the main responsible leaders of townships participated. A series of promotion mechanisms have been formed, including leading the way, grasping brands, setting bases and promoting technology. The second is to increase investment in sunflower production. In recent years, the county government actively strives for funds and projects from the superior planning commission, water conservancy, poverty alleviation and development, work-for-relief, comprehensive agricultural development and other relevant departments, and brings the sunflower industry into poverty alleviation projects. It has invested more than RMB/kloc-0.00 million to build and improve sunflower production infrastructure, providing a material basis for developing water-saving irrigation, cultivating improved varieties and applying advanced cultivation techniques. The third is to do a good demonstration. Every year, the county party committee and government will send a letter to farmers' friends, which will be distributed to every farmer free of charge before the Spring Festival to guide the agricultural production in the next year. Among them, it is the first content to promote the sunflower cultivation technical regulations formulated by the center and advocate farmers to develop sunflower industry. We have also set a large number of farmers' role models through radio and television to develop the sunflower industry, and influenced and guided farmers with visible and tangible examples of getting rich. Fourth, there is a sound policy guarantee mechanism. The county party committee and government issued a series of preferential policies to support the development of sunflower industry. In order to increase insect pollination of sunflowers and attract foreign beekeepers to fly their bees in Gannan, preferential tax-free policies are implemented for foreign households. Fifth, the government plays a regulatory role. Industry and commerce, taxation, transportation and other departments give full play to their functions, strive to create a relaxed environment, and strengthen support and regulation of the sunflower distribution market. During the purchase of sunflower, the vehicles engaged in sunflower transportation were "green light" all the way in our county. Restrain individual brokers to pay attention to reputation and quality in the course of business operation, and put an end to the phenomenon of "radish is broken, mud is not washed" and vicious competition in the purchase and sale of sunflower.