Cultivation techniques
One, the construction of plastic greenhouses
Selected flat terrain, close to the water supply, clean environment to build the shed. Greenhouse specifications: east-west length of about 45 meters (according to the size of the cultivation scale to determine), north-south width of 8 meters, the north wall height (including the depth of the digging down) 2.8 meters, the south wall height of 1.6 meters, north-south every 15 meters to build a partition wall. The wall is a brick structure, the north wall is a double hollow wall, in order to facilitate heat preservation; the south wall every 3 meters to set up two windows in order to ventilate. The ground inside the shed is dug down 50 centimeters, and the roof of the shed is covered with non-drip film for heat preservation. Conditional mushroom farmers can also use winter warm vegetable greenhouses for monkey head mushroom cultivation.
Second, cultivation season
Based on the growth and development of the monkey head mushroom on the temperature requirements, the application of plastic greenhouse cultivation in Shandong should generally be in mid-October cultivation bag, about a month of cultivation to the beginning of the mushroom in mid- to late-November, the end of the next year in mid-March mushroom.
Three, the preparation of cultivation bag
1.culture material preparation formula ①: 90% cotton seed shell, bran 8%, gypsum 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%. Formula ②: 58% cotton seed husk, 30% wood chips, 10% bran, gypsum 1%, 1% calcium superphosphate. Formula ③: 50% cotton husk, 38% corn cob, 10% bran, 1% gypsum, 1% calcium superphosphate. Mix the above formulations of raw materials, according to the material water ratio of 1:1.2 ~ 1:1.4 with water to 65% water content.
2. Bagging 15 cm × 32 cm ~ 34 cm × 0.04 cm polypropylene plastic bags, each bag of dry material weighing about 0.4 kg ~ 0.45 kg. The material should be moderately compressed, and then tighten the mouth of the bag with a rope.
Four, sterilization
1. atmospheric sterilization will be placed in layers of culture material bags in the sterilizer, heated to 100 ℃, keep 10 hours, cease fire stewing 5 hours to 6 hours, and then take out the bag cooling inoculation.
2. Autoclave sterilization with high-capacity autoclave, the bag is also placed in layers, maintain pressure 1.2 kg / cm2 for 2 hours, and then naturally cooled to zero pressure, open the lid of the pot will be taken out of the bag to cool. Large-capacity sterilizer sterilization, such as the pressure to 1.5 kg / cm2 is easy to melt the bag, bag expansion phenomenon, affecting the sterilization effect.
Five, inoculation and culture
When the bag cooled to below 30 ℃ when moved to the inoculation box inoculation, inoculation box with potassium permanganate, formaldehyde fumigation sterilization, aseptic operation inoculation for 20 minutes. Inoculation from the ends of the bag, generally each bottle of strains can be connected to 25 bags. After inoculation, the bags can be moved directly into the greenhouse to cultivate the bacteria. Before moving into the greenhouse should be fully sterilized, open the window to reduce the temperature in the shed, spray the ground and the four walls with lime water, and then use formaldehyde or sulfur fumigation closed for 24 hours. If you use winter warm vegetable greenhouse cultivation monkey head mushroom, you can first inoculated bags placed in a separate culture room culture until the mycelium ate material depth of 2 cm or so, and then moved into the greenhouse to continue to cultivate. The bags are discharged in a wall type, each row is stacked 6 layers, the bottom layer of bricks, row spacing of 60 centimeters, in order to facilitate the management.
To strengthen the ventilation management during the mushroom cultivation period, the roof of the shed appropriate shade with grass curtains, control the temperature in the shed does not exceed 27 ℃, about 30 days, the mycelium is close to the hair full, inverted bags to check, remove the heavy contamination of the bag of fungi, strong growth of the bag can be carried out out the management of the mushrooms.