Mushrooms are also called Agaricus bisporus, White Mushroom, Mushroom, Mongolian Mushroom, Mushroom, Mushroom, Mushroom. The names of mushrooms vary from region to region, but one kind of mushroom is more common.
nutritive value
Mushrooms are rich in nutrition. According to the determination, every100g of fresh mushrooms contains 2.9g of protein, 0.2g of fat, 3g of carbohydrate, 0.6g of crude fiber, 8mg of calcium, 6.6mg of phosphorus, 0.3mg of iron/kloc-0, 4mg of vitamin C4, 3.3mg of nicotinic acid, in addition to sodium, potassium, manganese, copper and zinc. According to reports, adults can meet their vitamin needs by eating 25 grams of fresh mushrooms every day, and an adult weighing 70 kilograms can maintain a nutritional balance by eating 100-200 grams of dried mushrooms every day.
Mushrooms are foods with high protein, low fat and low calories. Europeans regard mushrooms as plant meat, and Americans even regard mushrooms as God's food.
(B) the value of medical care
Mushrooms are not only nutritious, but also have obvious medicinal and health care values. Chinese medicine has a certain understanding of mushrooms. It is said that mushrooms can refresh the mind, stimulate appetite, and stop diarrhea and vomiting. It is said that mushrooms are good for the stomach, resolving phlegm and regulating qi. In recent years, medical research has confirmed that mushrooms have the following health care functions:
1, mushroom contains tyrosinase, so it has the function of lowering blood pressure and blood lipid, and is suitable for obese people and the elderly.
2, mushrooms contain anticancer substances, which can enhance the body's resistance to cancer cells and have the effect of preventing and treating cancer.
3, mushrooms contain broad-spectrum antibiotics, have anti-inflammatory effects, and can also treat colds.
4. Mushrooms can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli, and can be used for sterilization.
Mushrooms can resist viruses and protect the liver. The glycoside contained in it is beneficial to the treatment of hepatitis and is an auxiliary food for the treatment of hepatitis.
In addition, mushrooms can also treat leukopenia and digestive tract diseases; It has a certain auxiliary effect on promoting appetite, restoring brain function and promoting milk secretion.
Mushrooms are slippery, so defecators should eat carefully; Fasting poisonous wild mushrooms
Question 2: Is eating too many mushrooms harmful to your health? How much is the best to eat every day? There is no harm. This is a healthy food.
The general population can eat it.
1. Especially suitable for patients with low immunity, hypertension, the elderly and diabetes;
2. But mushrooms are slippery, and people who drain them should be careful to eat them; Fasting poisonous wild mushrooms.
Nutritional value of mushroom food Mushroom food is the general name of mushroom food such as shiitake mushrooms, straw mushrooms, mushrooms, Pleurotus ostreatus, Flammulina velutipes and Hericium erinaceus. Mushroom food is the most popular unique food with high protein, low fat and rich natural vitamins in the world, and it is also recognized as "safe food", "super food", "longevity food" and "health food" in the world. With the in-depth development, research and utilization of mushroom food, the close relationship between mushroom food and human health has attracted more and more attention. China is a big mushroom producer in the world, with more than 300 varieties and an annual output of more than 2 million tons, and 30% of the total world mushroom trade goes to China. Mushroom food is not only delicious but also nutritious. Every100g of dry product contains protein 13-26g, fat 1.8-2.9g, carbohydrate 60-65g, vitamins A, B, B2, B 12, D and C, and calcium, phosphorus, iron. These substances are essential for human health and play a special role in the prevention and treatment of diseases, especially for the healthy growth of children. It is reported that Japan is the largest mushroom consumption market in Asia, and residents in big cities such as Tokyo and Otani prefer to eat mushrooms. This is because there are many tall buildings, insufficient sunshine and more rickets patients in these cities. Mushrooms are rich in vitamin A, which can be converted into vitamin D after sunlight. According to the determination, the content of vitamin D in each gram of fresh mushrooms is 128 international unit, which is 2 1 times that of soybean, 8 times that of laver and 7 times that of sweet potato. The vitamin D in one kilogram of Lentinus edodes can reach 1000 international unit, which is 10 degree cod liver oil. Normal adults need 400 units of vitamin D every day. According to this standard, people only need to eat 3-4 dried mushrooms every day to meet the metabolic needs of the body. Vitamin D can promote the digestion and absorption of calcium and phosphorus, and deposit them in bones and teeth, which is helpful to the growth and development of children's bones and teeth, and prevent rickets and adult osteoporosis. Anti-scurvy Volvariella volvacea contains a lot of vitamin C (also known as ascorbic acid), which is as high as 2 10 mg per 100 g of fresh mushrooms, second only to kiwifruit and citrus, and higher than ordinary vegetables and fruits. Lack of vitamin C in human body will be very bad, and nosebleeds are mainly manifested in various symptoms such as tooth edema, tooth loosening, submucosal capillary bleeding, bleeding around hair follicles, long bone dysplasia, excessive menstrual blood and frequent nosebleeds. American nutritionists Barra and Katz also found that people's IQ is indirectly related to the content of vitamin C in blood, and the blood vessels that transport nutrients in human brain cells will be blocked and thinned due to the lack of vitamin C, leading to the decline of brain function. In addition, vitamin C can also participate in cholesterol metabolism, convert 80% of cholesterol into cholic acid and excrete it, and also enhance people's resistance and anti-cancer ability. Flammulina velutipes, which is brain-nourishing and intelligence-improving, is named after its shape like day lily. Because it contains the freshening gas-Niaoxi 5- monophosphate, it is particularly fresh and fragrant, and the entrance is soft and smooth, so it can be stirred evenly. Flammulina velutipes contains as much as 13.4% of protein, including 18 kinds of essential amino acids, especially arginine and lysine, which have attracted the attention of nutrition experts and medical scientists at home and abroad. Lysine and arginine can promote memory and develop intelligence, especially for children. In Japan, Flammulina velutipes is regarded as "intelligence-enhancing mushroom", which has become a necessary food for children's health care and intellectual development, and can be eaten for a long time from weaning to school age. In addition, mushroom food is rich in β -d glucan, polysaccharide and polypeptide, which can enhance the function of tin plague in children and is the best immune promoter in the world at present. Especially, mushroom foods contain vitamin B 12 which is deficient in plant foods, which can prevent and treat anemia caused by vitamin B 12 deficiency.
Question 3: Do you often eat mushrooms? Not good, it is easy to be poisoned if you eat too much. Toxicity: Various poisonous mushrooms contain different kinds of toxins. Most poisonous mushrooms have low toxicity and slight poisoning. However, some mushroom toxins are extremely toxic and can kill people quickly. The toxic ingredients contained in poisonous mushrooms are not completely clear. There are several highly toxic toxins: toxic peptides mainly damage the liver; Toxic umbrella peptide causes liver and kidney damage; The effect of muscarinic acid is similar to acetylcholine. Blisterin causes hallucinations and mental symptoms; Deer flower toxin can destroy red blood cells. Poisoning manifestations: Different toadstools contain different toxins, which leads to different poisoning manifestations, but they can generally be divided into the following four categories: 1. Gastroenteritis type: This type of patients have symptoms such as fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and watery diarrhea after eating mushrooms 10 minutes -2 hours. Quick recovery and good prognosis. There are many mushrooms that produce this symptom, such as: russula, Lactarius, Boletus, orange-red poisonous umbrella, poisonous light umbrella, moonlight mushroom, wax umbrella, ring-handled mushroom and so on. 2. Neuropsychiatric type: 10 minutes-6 hours after eating, besides the symptoms of gastroenteritis, there are also pupil shrinkage, increased saliva, excitement, hallucinations, gait faltering and so on. 3. Hemolytic type: the incubation period is 6 12 hours. Besides gastroenteritis, there are hemolytic manifestations, such as anemia and hepatomegaly. This kind of poisoning can be recovered by adrenocortical hormone and blood transfusion. 4. Liver disease type: Gastroenteritis type appears after eating 1030 hours. Some patients may have a false recovery period, and then there will be organ damage such as liver, brain, heart and kidney, but the liver damage is the most serious. Some patients may have mental symptoms. The general course of disease is 23 weeks. The mortality rate is high. Emergency treatment: due to the long incubation period of mushroom poisoning, some symptoms of mushroom poisoning will deteriorate rapidly once they appear. You should go to the hospital in time after eating suspected poisonous mushrooms. Those with symptoms should go to the hospital as soon as possible. Prevention of poisoning: There are many kinds of mushrooms, some of which are delicious and deeply loved by people all over the world. Many local people have the habit of eating mushrooms. There are various folk methods to identify whether mushrooms are poisonous mushrooms, but generally speaking, these methods are not reliable. The most effective identification method of poisonous mushrooms is morphological identification, but this identification method is difficult for ordinary people to master. So, don't pick and eat wild mushrooms yourself. Don't buy dried mushrooms or fresh mushrooms from mobile vendors. Poisonous umbrella is also known as green hat fungus, garlic leaf fungus, ghost pen paste and mushroom. Highly toxic. Mushroom cap is thick and dark green, and its surface is silky. The width of the cap is 3 1 1 cm. When I was a child, the eggs were bell-shaped, and then gradually spread out, with shiny surface and inconspicuous radial hidden stripes, brown, smoky gray, dark green, etc., and sometimes slightly sticky. Mushroom meat is white. White pleats are slightly dense, the stalk is white, cylindrical, crisp, hollow, smooth or ciliate, sometimes with patterns, the base is enlarged, 5 18 cm long and 0.62 cm thick. The upper part of the bead handle is white and drooping, with longitudinal stripes on the ring. Volvariella is white and has big bracts. Spores are white, colorless, nearly spherical or ovoid, solitary or clustered in the forest in June. Highly toxic. Contains toxic peptide and toxic umbrella peptide. The symptoms of poisoning are the same as those of white poison umbrella and white poison umbrella with scaly handle. White poison umbrella is also called white snail umbrella, white goose ointment, spring-born goose ointment and white fungus. This kind of bacteria is white and slender. It is easily confused with edible Pleurotus ostreatus. The mushroom cap is 7 12 cm wide. When it is young, it is egg-shaped to bell-shaped, and then gradually flattened, pure white and smooth. Mushroom meat is white. The bacterial folds are white and free. The stalk is white, smooth and swollen at the base, 9 12 cm long and 22.5 cm thick. The pearl stalk is white, and the upper part of the stalk is membranous with inconspicuous stripes. Volvariella is white and thick, like a bract. Spores are white, colorless, nearly spherical and smooth. In June and September, it is scattered on the ground of miscellaneous trees. Highly toxic. Contains toxic umbrella peptide and toxic peptide. It will seriously damage the liver, kidney, heart, lungs, brain and so on. Some of them have nausea, vomiting and serious physical symptoms immediately after eating; The other part only had mild symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea at first, and soon disappeared, but the condition deteriorated rapidly after 23 days, and mental symptoms such as dyspnea, yellow skin and mania and other system damage appeared. The cap of the deer flower fungus is irregular spherical, reddish brown, and then turns brown, distorting the shape of the adult sulcus. The width and height are 2 10 cm respectively, and the mushroom meat is thin, waxy and crisp. Petiole is short and grayish white. It mainly grows in spring and autumn. Most of this bacterial poisoning is caused by mistaking it for Morchella. Causing red blood cells to dissolve. Eat for 6 12 hours ... >>
Question 4: I like eating mushrooms every day. Is it okay? No, it is toxic for a long time.
Question 5: Would you like to eat more mushrooms? Mushrooms contain anticancer substances, which can enhance the body's resistance to cancer cells and have the effect of preventing and treating cancer. But mushrooms contain hydrazine derivatives, in which enzymes can hydrolyze hydrazine derivatives, and the hydrolyzed hydrazine can induce lung cancer. Artificial culture mostly uses cottonseed hull as culture medium, and pesticide residues in cottonseed can penetrate into mushroom residue, and excessive intake can induce liver cancer. So it better be wild!
Question 6: Can fresh mushrooms be eaten every day? Fresh mushrooms can be eaten in moderation every day.
Mushrooms are nutritious and delicious. Since ancient times, they have been listed as top delicacies. They are healthy foods with high protein and low fat, and are rich in essential amino acids, minerals, vitamins and polysaccharides. Moreover, regular consumption of mushrooms can coordinate the absorption and transportation of other foods and increase the nutritional efficiency of food.
Mushrooms are rich in 18 amino acids, and the amino acid composition ratio of protein in some mushrooms is better than that of beef. Studies have found that the nutritional value of mushrooms is second only to milk. It is generally believed that meat and beans contain higher animal protein and plant protein respectively. In fact, the content of protein in mushrooms is also very high.
Mushrooms contain many vitamins, especially vitamin D and vitamin A, which play a very important role. Many mushrooms contain carotene, which can be converted into vitamin A in the human body, so mushrooms are also called "vitamin A treasure house".
Question 7: Is it good for you to eat wild mushrooms for a long time? If it is really a safe wild mushroom, it will be better if you eat it. But this is not insurance; Some people will pick poisonous mushrooms even if they have been picking mushrooms for many years. For safety, eat less.