Mung bean is drought-resistant, barren-tolerant, with wide adaptability and short growth period, generally only 6-12 days; Its suitable sowing period is very long, and it can be sown from early April to early August. The key points of cultivation are as follows:
1. Selection of varieties:
According to market demand and people's taste, lodging resistance, well-branched, vigorous growth, short growth period, simple cultivation, concentrated pod setting, high yield, dark green color, large and full grains should be selected; The edible characteristics are Anyue oil mung bean and Zhonglv No.1, which are easy to rot and have no stone beans, and have a good taste of slag at the entrance.
second, sowing date, sowing amount, density and sowing method:
If the field is free, the sowing date can be arranged in early April; If there are any previous crops, it can be arranged to sow in Koharu after harvest, and the suitable sowing date must be arranged before the end of May, so as to preserve the seedlings and obtain high yield. We should persist in seizing the time and soil moisture, and pay close attention to sowing when the soil is wet after rain; In case of drought, the nest can be drenched with dung cleaning water after sowing. Within 1 kg of seeds per mu, seed dressing with 1 g of ammonium molybdate and 1 kg of water per mu (the unused water is used for other equipment), and sowing after sweating. The sowing specifications are as follows: the net cultivation is 2 meters, the row spacing is 5 cm, the nest spacing is 4 cm, 32 ~ 34 nests are sown per mu, 5 ~ 6 seeds are sown in each nest, 2 ~ 3 seedlings are planted in each nest, and about 95 seedlings are planted per mu; On the basis of keeping a distance of 4em from the base of the fruit tree, the fruit forest land will be opened for 2 meters, which is basically the same as the sowing specifications of the net cropping; Intercropping refers to the net planting specifications and determines the sowing amount per mu according to the situation.
Third, base fertilizer application:
Generally, 2 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is used per mu, 1 kilograms of ash fertilizer or 25 kilograms of plant ash, and then 3 kilograms of sandy loam soil is evenly mixed to cover the seeds. 15 kg of high-quality bio-organic fertilizer must be applied to the single-use field per mu, and the best effect is covered with 3 kg of sandy loam.
fourth, field management:
check and replenish seedlings in time to ensure the whole seedlings; 4-leaf seedling. In barren land, seedlings were raised with 5 kg ammonium bicarbonate and 1 kg manure water per mu at seedling stage. At the initial flowering stage, 4 kilograms of ammonium molybdate water remained during seed dressing was mixed with water for topdressing outside the back roots of leaves. At the same time, it is necessary to cultivate, weed and spread soil in time before the initial flowering period to prevent lodging. Attention should also be paid to the prevention and control of bridge-building insects and leaf rollers.
5. Harvest and storage in the sun:
Harvest in time by stages, generally 2-3 batches. Mung bean seed coat is easy to absorb moisture and get wet. If the temperature is high and the humidity is high during storage, it is easy to lose germination rate and even rot. Therefore, mung bean seeds should be stored in dry, ventilated and low temperature conditions, and can be packed in sacks. Under the condition of water content of 12-14%, the storage height should not exceed 1m; Stacking height shall not exceed 6 bags. If the number of seeds is small, they can be stored in jars. Usually, the bottom of the jar is filled with a small amount of quicklime to absorb moisture, then it is padded with sacks, and then the dried and cooled seeds are put into the jar. Finally, the jar mouth is sealed with plastic sheets and placed in a dry and cold place. Mung beans
VI. Precautions:
When sowing, chemical fertilizer should not be used as seed fertilizer, especially nitrogen-containing chemical fertilizer or calcium superphosphate should not be used for seed dressing. Don't sow before the rain. We should resolutely and timely distribute seedlings evenly, and don't be greedy, so as to ensure good individual development. The seeds should be packed with bamboo utensils, and gradually dried from thick to thin. Don't expose them to the sun in concrete, slate and cement ground to avoid breaking the skin, damaging the structure of protein and affecting the quality of seeds and commodities. Seed moisture is generally required to drop below 13%. After the mung bean is dried, it should not be put into the warehouse while it is hot, but should be put into the warehouse after it is cold. Attention should be paid to crop rotation, which will seriously reduce production after years of continuous cropping.