1. What kind of insect is Tenebrio molitor? Is it easy to raise? Tenebrio molitor, also known as Tenebrio molitor and Breadtworm, is commonly known as Tenebrio molitor and noodle worm. It is an important worldwide cereal pest. It has the advantages of miscellaneous eating habits, fast breeding speed, short growth cycle, strong vitality, simple artificial feeding method, low equipment requirements, labor saving, low cost and easy management. 2. What is the equipment for breeding Tenebrio molitor? Plastic pots, wooden cases, cartons, brick pools, screens, etc. The general specification of the wooden box is: 88cm (length) × 48cm (width )×10cm (height). The inside of the wooden box should be planed and glued with adhesive tape to prevent insects from escaping. See color diagram l 1 for the schematic diagram of insect box stacking and shelf maintenance. The specifications of the sieve are: 40 mesh, 30 mesh, 10 mesh. It can be used as an iron screen window or a plastic screen window. It is mainly used to screen out insect droppings of different ages and separate insects. Generally, 1-3 instar larvae are removed with a 40-mesh sieve, and larvae above 3 instar are removed with a 30-mesh sieve. 10 mesh screen can be used to separate larvae and pupae. 3. What are the advantages of keeping insects in wooden boxes? (l) hygroscopicity. Because Tenebrio molitor is afraid of open water, when raising insects in plastic pots, the feed moisture is slightly higher, and open water will appear at the bottom, which is harmful to insects. Compared with plastic pots, wooden boxes have a certain moisture absorption effect, and even if the feed moisture is high, it will not cause harm to Tenebrio molitor. (2) The wooden cases are light in weight, easy to move, and can be stacked layer by layer, which can make full use of space and reduce the occupied area. 4. What's the use of Tenebrio molitor? Tenebrio molitor is rich in protein, amino acids, fats, fatty acids, sugars, trace elements, vitamins, chitin, zinc, iron and copper. It can be used as an excellent feed for medicinal animals such as scorpions, centipedes, clams, snakes, frogs, fish, livestock and rare birds. After feeding on Tenebrio molitor, these animals have fast growth, easy molting, high survival rate and strong disease resistance. Tenebrio molitor is an excellent feed for scorpions, which can promote the rapid growth of scorpions, enhance their reproductive and disease resistance, help scorpions molt smoothly and improve the survival rate of young scorpions. In addition, Tenebrio molitor can be used as raw materials for human food, health care products and medicines after special processing. Recently, some restaurants regard fried Tenebrio molitor as a special food. Its golden color, crisp and delicious, make many people's appetite wide open and unforgettable after eating. It can be predicted that with the continuous improvement of people's understanding of the nutritional value of Tenebrio molitor, the breeding prospect can be said to be very broad, and farmers will certainly get higher economic benefits. 5. How to feed the scorpion with Tenebrio molitor? Proper Tenebrio molitor should be selected according to the size of scorpions. It is suitable for young scorpions to feed on 1- 1.5 cm long Tenebrio molitor larvae. The 2-year-old scorpion needs to eat a lot of insects when it leaves its mother's body. At this time, it is the peak period of 1 feeding of young scorpions, and the amount of insect feeding should be large. If young scorpions don't have enough insects to hunt, they will kill each other for food. At this time, it is more appropriate to feed Tenebrio molitor with body length 1 cm. After molting for the second time, the young scorpion gradually recovered its mobility. A new eating peak has begun. By analogy, there is 1 feeding peak after molting every time. At each peak, throw more insects to avoid being killed because of lack of food. Attention should be paid to feeding insects: (1) Because active Tenebrio molitor is easy to be found and caught by scorpions, feed more fresh insects. (2) During the peak feeding period, the principle of feeding is "more is better than less". (3) Scorpions usually prey at night, so it is necessary to ensure that there are enough insects for scorpions to eat at night to prevent scorpions from killing each other. (4) Dead and deteriorated insects should be detected in time to prevent scorpions from getting sick after eating. 6. What is the ratio of feed and meat cultivated with bran, insects and scorpions? It is observed that the feed-meat ratio of wheat bran to insects and scorpions is generally 3: 3: 1. That is, 3 kg of bran 1 kg of Tenebrio molitor, 3 kg of Tenebrio molitor 1 kg of scorpions. The cost calculation is: at present, the market price of wheat bran is 0.8 yuan/kg, so only 2.4 yuan wheat bran needs to raise Tenebrio molitor 1kg and 7.2 yuan wheat bran needs to raise scorpions 1kg. Now the market price of Tenebrio molitor is 16 ~ 25 yuan/kg, and the price of scorpion is 600 yuan/kg. Therefore, it can be said that using bran to raise insects and using insects to raise scorpions are all meager profits. 7. 1 kg How many Tenebrio molitor are there? How many bugs can l kg of bugs breed? 1 How many commercial worms can a person keep? Tenebrio molitor L ~ 2.5 million, Tenebrio molitor L ~ 26.5438+0.5 million, Tenebrio molitor L ~ 460,000, Tenebrio molitor L ~ 230,000, Tenebrio molitor L ~ 26.5438+0.00 million, Tenebrio molitor L ~ 28,000 and Tenebrio molitor L ~ 25,000. Under the conditions of mastering technology, thoughtful management and sufficient feed, 1 kg insect species can breed 50 ~ 100 kg fresh insects. L individuals can raise 15 square meters of commercial insects in their spare time. According to the calculation of 2000-3000 larvae per adult, it can reproduce at least 4 generations a year and complete one generation in three months. By the end of the year, they can produce 400 kilograms of Tenebrio molitor larvae, worth 5000- 1 10,000 yuan. 8. What is an excellent insect species? The symbol of excellent insect species is (see color map 12 for the schematic diagram of improved species). (1) big. 3500 ~ 4000 per kilogram. (2) Strong vitality. Not picky about food, crawling fast, like the dark. Keep moving. When you put the bug in your hand, it will get up quickly. (3) strong body. Golden color, shiny body surface, fullness, obvious white belly surface, body length of more than 3 cm, rapid growth. (4) The ratio of male to female is 1: 1. 9. Will Tenebrio molitor eat each other? Tenebrio molitor population has cannibalism. Every insect state is in danger of being bitten or eaten by the same kind. In the early stage of emergence, adults are white and tender, slow in action and vulnerable. The new pupae of mature larvae are also fragile because they can't move. The molting larvae and eggs are the same kind of feeding objects. Therefore, how to prevent Tenebrio molitor from killing each other is an important problem in artificial breeding. 10, how many stages does Tenebrio molitor grow? What is feathering? It takes about 3 months to complete 1 generation. Eclosion is a process in which insects change from pupae to adults. 1 1. How to manage eggs? The egg is 1- 1.5 mm in length and about 0.5 mm in diameter, which is generally invisible to the naked eye. When eggs gather together, they are scattered in groups in the feed. Egg management is mainly to collect eggs, let the eggs laid by adults fall on the bottom newspaper through the screen, and the newspaper is covered with a thin layer of bran. The length of egg stage is closely related to temperature and humidity. When the temperature is 18 ~ 30℃, the humidity is 60% ~ 75% and the humidity of bran is 15%, the larvae can hatch in 7 ~ 15 days. When the temperature is lower than 65438 05℃, eggs rarely hatch. 12, do larvae shed their skin like scorpions? If it's controllable? The newly hatched Tenebrio molitor larvae are about 3 mm long and milky white. 1 day later, the body color turns yellow. The body 13 is cylindrical, and the head is located at the front of the body. Food with a flat, chewy mouth that can chew hard. Section 2 ~ 4 is the chest, with 3 pairs of feet, section 5 ~ 12 is the abdomen, section 13 has anus at the lower part, and the tip has two tapered short tails. Larvae, like young scorpions, have the characteristics of molting. Its growth and development is carried out by molting, about 1 week molting 1 time. When the temperature and humidity are suitable, the larvae molt smoothly and rarely die. The newly hatched larvae are 1 instar larvae, molting 1 time, becoming 2nd instar larvae. The newly molted larvae are milky white and then gradually turn yellow. After molting for 7 times in 60 days, it becomes a mature larva. The mature larvae are 2.5-3 cm long and then begin to pupate. Its growth period is 85 ~ 130 days, with an average of 120 days. In this period, we should strengthen management and create higher economic benefits. The management method is: (1) When the larval morphology can be clearly seen by naked eyes, it should be heated and humidified to promote its growth and development. The temperature can be increased by increasing the density. Humidification means watering the feeding box regularly (6 ~ 8 times a day). But the quantity should be small, and there should be no Mingshui. Adding water to feed can also raise the temperature. (2) Feed the larvae with nutrient-rich 1 No.3 and No.5 feed (see question 165) and give plenty of green feed. (3) Larvae should be raised separately to avoid cannibalism. (4) The suitable temperature for this period is 25 ~ 32℃, the humidity is 60% ~ 75%, and the humidity of bran is 10% ~ 15%. 13. Will pupae be bitten by larvae? The pupa is about 1.2 cm long, with a big head and a pointed tail. The head is similar to that of an adult, with milky white, soft body, normal breathing and no defense ability. It is the weakest period of Tenebrio molitor's vitality, often on the surface of feed, unable to eat, and easily eaten by larvae. Therefore, when the larvae pupate, they should be gently picked out in time and put into the pupa box. If there are many pupae, the rearing box is illuminated by using the light-fear characteristic of Tenebrio molitor, so that the larvae can quickly enter the insect manure or feed, which is convenient for collecting pupae on the surface. Sprinkle bran on the pupa box first, then put the pupa, and cover it with appropriate leaves until it emerges. In the meantime, pay attention to the temperature can not exceed 30℃, otherwise it is easy to die. The density should not be too high, and it is best to lay it in a single layer. The temperature needed in this period is 25 ~ 30℃, the humidity is 65% ~ 75%, and the bran should be dried. After about 7 days, the pupa emerged as an adult. 14. How many eggs can an adult lay? How to manage? Pupae emerge as adults. Adults, commonly known as beetles (yellow beetles), are milky white in the early stage, with light yellow heads, weak mobility and do not eat. It turns light red after 2 days and dark brown after 7 days. It is rectangular, with short wings, can't fly, likes darkness and gathering, and its activities mainly rely on crawling, and it has begun to feed. Male worms are slender; The female worm is fat, with a tapering tail and a drooping ovipositor, which can extend out of the carapace. At this time, the body is mature and enters the breeding period. The life span of adults exceeds 160 days, and the spawning period is about 5 months. 20-50 eggs can be laid every day, and 2000-3000 eggs can be produced in a lifetime. It should be noted that (1) adults and larvae have different requirements for feed and cannot be mixed. (2) The nutrition should be comprehensive, and it is best to give the No.2 feed formula (see question 165). (3) Feed less, 2-3 times a day. (4) Remove the dead males in time to prevent deterioration and infectious diseases. (5) Change the egg paper regularly, generally every 4 days 1 time. (6) The required temperature is 25-33℃, the humidity is 60%-75%, and the bran humidity is 10%- 15%. 15. How to separate adults from pupae? In the same batch of pupae, because of the different eclosion time, the first eclosion adult will bite the eclosion pupae, so it is necessary to separate the pupae from the insects as soon as possible. The separation method is: (1) manual picking. The disadvantage is that it is time-consuming and laborious, and it is easy to cause insect pupa damage. (2) Cabbage leaves are lured. Using the characteristics that insects move but pupae don't move, put some big leaves in the insect box, and adults will quickly climb on the leaves to feed. At this time, the leaves can be taken out and separated. (3) Black cloth traps insects. Cover adults and pupae with soaked black market. After a few hours, most adults climbed onto the black cloth, and the black cloth could be separated. (4) Separation of insects and feces. Taking advantage of the fact that Tenebrio molitor is afraid of light and the pupa is motionless, the insect and pupa are put into a wooden box with thick insect feces at the same time, and the insect will quickly get into human insect feces. This method can also be used to distinguish between dead insects and live insects. 16, Tenebrio molitor can't see the sun? Tenebrio molitor is a negative phototaxis insect, which likes darkness and lives in the dark corner of the grain pile surface. It grows faster in the dark than in the light. Try to avoid bright light. 17. What feed does Tenebrio molitor eat to grow fast? What is the formula of compound feed? Tenebrio molitor is an omnivorous insect, which can eat all kinds of grains, bran, oils and vegetables. Larvae also eat elm leaves, mulberry leaves, tung leaves and bean leaves. According to the eating situation, it is generally enough to feed l-2 times every morning and evening, and the feeding amount should be appropriate each time, so that there is basically no surplus when feeding for the second time. In feeding, compound feed grows faster, while single feed grows slower, which will also lead to variety degradation. The formula of compound feed is 1. Formula: 80% wheat bran, 20% corn flour, 9% sesame cake and 1% fish bone meal. Add boiling water, mix well into balls, press into small cakes, dry and use. Adults and larvae can be fed. Formula 2: wheat bran 70%, corn flour 25%, sesame cake 9%, 1% fish bone meal. Add boiling water and stir into balls. Mainly used for feeding adults, which can increase the amount of eggs laid. Formula 3: 70% bran, 25% corn flour, 4.5% soybean and 0.5% multivitamins. Mainly used for feeding larvae. Formula 4: inferior wheat flour 95%, sugar 2%, royal jelly 0.2%, multivitamins 0.4% and mixed feed salt 2.4%. Mainly used for feeding adult seeds. Formula 5: 40% wheat bran, 40% corn flour, 18% bean cake, 0.5% multivitamin, 1.5% mixed salt. Mainly used for feeding adults and larvae. 17, how to determine the feed humidity? The humidity of insect feed is 10%- 15%. The simple determination method is to add water and stir it evenly, then hold it into a ball with your hands, and then loosen it and spread it naturally. In summer, if you have enough green feed and melon skin, you can only make feed. 18, how to screen out insect feces? The excrement of Tenebrio molitor is like fine sand, which is dry and cannot be touched with water. It will rot and deteriorate quickly when it meets water, causing pollution. Before feeding the vegetable leaves and melon peels, screen out the insect dung to prevent it from getting on the vegetable leaves and water-containing feed. The method of screening insect feces is: (1) screen insect feces after the feed in the feed box is basically eaten. Generally, sieve it every 5-7 days 1 time, and feed new feed immediately after sieving. (2) The model of the screen should be suitable for the individual size of the worm. 1-3 instar larvae use 40 mesh sieve, 3-9 instar larvae use 30 mesh sieve, and mature larvae over l0 age use ordinary iron window sieve. 19. What's the use of Tenebrio molitor dung? (1) When transporting Tenebrio molitor in summer, inoculating insect manure can reduce the friction between insects and reduce the temperature. (2) The nutrient content of1kg insect manure is equivalent to 10 kg compound feed for livestock. Can be used for feeding pigs, fish, chickens, ducks and the like. The ratio is to add 15% insect manure to livestock feed. Pigs, fish, etc grow faster after eating. (3) It can be used as fertilizer to increase the fertility of the land. 20. What is the suitable growth temperature of Tenebrio molitor? For adults and larvae, -4℃ is the lower survival limit, when it is lower than 6℃, people enter hibernation, 12℃ is the starting point of development, and 30-33℃ is the suitable survival temperature. At this temperature, they grow healthily and have a high survival rate. The fastest growing temperature is 35℃, but it is easy to get sick at this temperature for a long time. The growth rate slows down at 37℃, and 39℃ is its lethal temperature. For pupae, they are most afraid of high temperature, and they may suffocate above 30℃. Therefore, in summer, special attention should be paid to ventilation and cooling, reducing density and preventing sun exposure. 2 1. What is the suitable growth humidity of Tenebrio molitor? Feed water content 15%, atmospheric humidity about 70%. If the water content of feed exceeds 18% or the air humidity exceeds 85%, the development of Tenebrio molitor will slow down and it is easy to get sick. 17 1. What is the suitable growth density of Tenebrio molitor? (1) Adult rearing density is 5000-8000 per square meter. (2) The larval rearing density is about 20000 (about 5 kg) per square meter. (3) The pupa is delicate, so it is advisable to lie flat in a single layer without overlapping extrusion. (4) The breeding density of seed insects is 2000-3000 per square meter. (5) The feeding density at high temperature is smaller in summer and slightly larger in winter. 22. What are the requirements of Tenebrio molitor for breeding environment? Warm, ventilated, dry, dark, clean and free from chemical pollution. 23. What pests and diseases are prone to Tenebrio molitor? How to prevent it? (1) Rot disease: The cause is excessive humidity and feces and feed pollution. Symptoms are black stool, soft black worm. Black feces discharged by pests and diseases will also pollute other insects, and if not treated in time, the whole box will die. It is easy to get this disease in rainy season. (2) dry disease. The reason is that the air drying temperature is too high and the feed water content is too low, which makes Tenebrio molitor seriously short of water. Start from head to tail, and then develop into a whole. This disease is easy to occur when it is dry at high temperature. (3) being invaded by mites or other insects. The main pests are carnivorous mites, acaroid mites and wheat moths. Will feed on Tenebrio molitor eggs, bite larvae and pollute feed. Control method: (1) When selecting insect species, individuals with strong activity and no diseases should be selected. (2) Feed should be free from moth, mildew and excessive humidity, and insects and sundries should be handled in time. (3) The processed feed should be treated by sun exposure or puffing, disinfection and sterilization. (4) Farms and equipment should be sprayed with fungicides and acaricides regularly; (5) When drying at high temperature, attention should be paid to cooling and humidifying, strengthening air circulation, increasing feed water content, feeding some green feed and reducing feeding density. (6) Prevent rats, poultry, ants, snakes and frogs from entering the feeding room. 24. Why does Tenebrio molitor die easily in summer? Theoretically, the fastest growing temperature of Tenebrio molitor is 35℃. But whether this temperature is appropriate is also relative. In summer, if the feeding density is too high, even if the temperature does not exceed 35℃, insects will often rise to a very high temperature due to mutual friction and heat generated during their activities. If it exceeds 38℃, it will die. So we must be careful not to raise the density too high in summer. Always insert your hand or thermometer into the insect box for testing. Once you feel hot, you should immediately adopt the methods of reducing density and ventilation to cool down. 25. How to transport Tenebrio molitor in Xia Dong season? It can be bagged, barreled or boxed in summer, each bag is about 3kg, and each box (barrel) 10kg is safer. In order to avoid high temperature death caused by mutual extrusion during transportation, the following methods can be adopted to prevent heatstroke and cool down: (1) Mix a part of insect dung in the box bag and mix it evenly with insects. Insect dung can reduce the indirect contact and absorption of heat by insects. (2) You can buy several ice packs and put them in insect bags (boxes), which can directly cool down. Practice has proved that it is safer to transport by this method, and there are few deaths. (3) It is safer to transport at night or in rainy days. (4) In winter, in order to prevent Tenebrio molitor from freezing to death at low temperature, air-conditioned cars can be released for heat preservation during batch transportation; A small amount of transportation can be packed with several more cloth bags, and the cloth bags can be turned frequently to use the heat generated by the friction of insect activities to raise the temperature.