Sunflower seed consists of pericarp (shell) and seed, and the seed consists of seed coat, two cotyledons and embryo. The pericarp is divided into three layers, and the exocarp is membranous with short hairs on it; Mesocarp is leathery, hard and thick; Endocarp villous. The seed coat has two thick cotyledons, radicles, stems and germs, and there is no endosperm. Radicle, embryo stem and embryo are located at the top of the seed. Seed coat consists of outer epidermis and inner epidermis, which is a white film.