The tones of the Pinyin alphabet refer to the tones of each letter in Chinese Pinyin. There are four tones, namely the first, second, third and fourth tones.

1. The first tone refers to the tone in which the sound goes from high to low and then gradually rises. It is usually marked above the pinyin alphabet as "ā, á, ǎ, à", where "a" is Default tone. When making the first sound, you need to pay attention to the steady breath, and the sound should gradually rise from high to low, and should not be too sharp or too low to avoid unclear hearing or ambiguity.

2. The second tone refers to the tone in which the sound goes from low to high and then gradually decreases. It is usually marked above the pinyin alphabet as "ē, é, ě, è", where "e" is Default tone. When making the second tone, you need to pay attention to breath control. The tone should gradually rise from low to high, and should not be too flat or too high to avoid sounding harsh or unnatural.

3. The third tone refers to the tone in which the sound first rises and then falls. It is usually marked above the pinyin alphabet as "ī, í, ǐ, ì", where "i" is the default tone. When pronouncing the third tone, you need to pay attention to the breath transition. The voice should rise first and then fall. Don't be too stiff or single to avoid sounding unsmooth or unnatural.

4. The fourth tone refers to the tone in which the sound first falls and then rises. It is usually marked as "à, è, ě, i" above the pinyin alphabet, where "a" is the default tone. When pronouncing the fourth tone, you need to pay attention to the breath transition. The sound should first fall and then rise. Don't be too stiff or gentle to avoid sounding rhythmic or unclear.

Characteristics of tones in the Pinyin alphabet:

1. There are four tones, namely flat tone, rising tone, falling tone and entering tone.

2. Each Pinyin letter has a fixed tone, and this tone will change according to the pronunciation characteristics of the letters.

3. The pronunciation of different tones can change the meaning of a word. For example, the four different tones of "ma" can mean "mom", "ma", "horse" and "scold" respectively.

4. There are obvious differences in the tones of the four tones: one flat, two rising, three melody, and four falling, and the key values ??are 55, 35, 51, and 53 respectively.

5. Tone distinguishes word meanings. For example, the first tone of "ma" is "mother", the second tone is "hemp", the third tone is "horse", and the fourth tone is "scold".

6. Pinyin tones have a certain degree of musicality, with staggered rhythms, so Mandarin sounds like it has a certain ups and downs and a sense of rhythm.

7. The lengths of the four tones have a certain proportion. The upper tone is the longest, the yin level is the second longest, the falling tone is the shortest, and the yin level is the shortest.