First, be alert to child malnutrition
First, emotional changes
A large number of investigation data of American pediatricians show that when children are in a bad mood and have abnormal changes, they should be suspected of lacking some nutrients in their bodies.
If the child becomes depressed, unresponsive, and his expression is numb, which indicates that protein and iron are lacking in his body, he should arrange more high-iron and high-protein foods such as aquatic products, meat, dairy products, blood of livestock and poultry, egg yolk, etc.
If the child is worried, frightened, insomnia and forgetfulness, it may indicate that the B vitamins in Hugh are insufficient. At this time, it is of great benefit to supplement some foods rich in B vitamins such as beans, animal liver, walnuts and potatoes.
Second, abnormal behavior
Malnutrition can also cause abnormal behavior of children, which can be summarized as follows:
Lack of communication, withdrawn behavior and clumsy movements are mostly the result of lack of vitamin C in the body. Adding foods rich in this vitamin, such as tomatoes, oranges, apples, cabbages and lettuce, to the diet is the best "treatment method". The secret is that phytic acid and vitamin C in nail stem water contained in these foods can enhance the information transmission function of nerves, thus alleviating or eliminating these symptoms.
Third, obesity
Obesity is generally regarded as overnutrition as usual. The latest information shows that overnutrition is only the cause of some "chubby children" and "fat children", and another part of chubby children is caused by malnutrition, specifically due to poor eating habits such as picky eaters and partial eclipse, resulting in insufficient intake of some "micronutrients".
Fourth, eye myopia
When it comes to myopia, most people think that it is caused by children's bad eye habits, but they ignore the element of malnutrition, so the prevention and treatment effect is not good.
Childhood is the key stage of eye development, and two mineral elements, calcium and chromium, are indispensable.
Let's start with calcium. It is related to the formation of eyeball. Insufficient intake can decrease scleral unisexuality, increase intraocular pressure, and lengthen the anterior and posterior diameter of eyeball, leading to myopia.
Besides chromium. It is a cofactor of insulin, an important hormone in the body. If it is lacking, the activity of insulin will decrease, and the ability to regulate sugar metabolism will decrease, resulting in the abnormal metabolism of sugar and retention in the blood, forcing the diopter of the eyes to change, and finally forming myopia.
Second, the principle of healthy eating for children
Principle 1: There are various foods, mainly cereals.
Cereal food is the main source of human energy and the main body of traditional diet in China, which can provide children with carbohydrates, protein, dietary fiber and B vitamins. Children's diet should also be based on cereals, and proper attention should be paid to the reasonable collocation of coarse and fine grains.
Cereals are divided into whole grains and refined grains. Whole grains such as buckwheat, oats, corn, whole wheat bread and millet are rich in nutrients, including starch, protein, B vitamins, vitamin E, minerals and cellulose. Refined grains such as corn bread, white bread, noodles, rice, biscuits, etc.
Principle 2: Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits.
Children should be encouraged to eat more vegetables and fruits. The nutrients contained in vegetables and fruits are not exactly the same and cannot be substituted for each other. When preparing children's meals, we should pay attention to cutting vegetables into small pieces for children to chew and swallow, and at the same time pay attention to the changes of varieties, colors and tastes of vegetables and fruits to arouse children's interest in eating more vegetables and fruits.
Vegetables and fruits can't replace each other. Although they have similar nutritional components and health effects, their nutritional values have their own characteristics, so fruits can't replace vegetables. Parents should arrange their children's meals with vegetables at each meal and fruits every day.
Principle 3: Eat proper amount of fish, poultry, eggs and lean meat.
Animal foods such as fish, poultry, eggs and lean meat are good sources of high-quality protein, fat-soluble vitamins and minerals. The amino acid composition of animal protein is more suitable for human needs, and the lysine content is higher, which is beneficial to supplement the shortage of lysine in protein. Iron in meat is well utilized, and unsaturated fatty acids in fish, especially marine fish, are beneficial to the development of children's nervous system. Animal liver is rich in vitamin A, vitamin B2 and folic acid. Fish, poultry and rabbit meat are high in protein and low in saturated fat, so children are advised to eat them regularly.
Principle 4: Drink milk every day and often eat soybeans and products.
Milk is a kind of natural food with complete nutrients, suitable composition ratio, easy digestion and absorption and high nutritional value. Besides being rich in high-quality protein, vitamin A and riboflavin, it has a high calcium content and a good utilization rate, so it is an excellent source of natural calcium. Children's adequate intake of calcium is helpful to increase bone mineral density, thus delaying the age of osteoporosis in adulthood. Parents should arrange for their children to drink milk every day.
Principle 5: Eat light and little salt, choose snacks correctly and drink less drinks with high sugar content.
When cooking food for children, parents should keep the original flavor of the food as much as possible, so that children can taste and accept the natural taste of various foods first. In order to protect children's sensitive digestive system, avoid interfering with or affecting children's perception and preference of food itself, the correct choice of food and the realization of dietary diversity, and prevent the bad eating habits of partial eclipse and picky eaters, children's diet should be light, with less salt and oil, and avoid adding pungent substances and condiments.
Third, children's nutrition recipes
Nutrition menu
1, bean curd porridge: cut the bean curd into small pieces, put it in the cooked broth (or chicken soup) and then boil it (preferably chopped bean curd), and serve.
2. carrot porridge: Wash rice or millet, add appropriate amount of water to boil, then add the prepared carrot paste, and then boil it, and serve.
3, ribs and carrots risotto
Ingredients: one sparerib (cut into four sections), half a carrot (cut into cubes), rice (the amount of three meals for baby), olive oil and salt.
Practice: Pick up the ribs after hanging water, put the washed rice into the rice cooker, add appropriate amount of water, add diced carrots, hang the ribs with water, a small amount of olive oil and a small amount of salt, and press the cooking button to finish.
Note: Cooking water is a little more than cooking adult rice, so the cooked rice is easy to swallow. Put the unfinished food in the refrigerator for three days at most, and then throw it away.
4. Bone soup and vegetable rice
Ingredients: one pig bone, two small vegetables cut into diced, rice (the amount of three meals for baby), and salt.
Practice: wash the pig bones and hang water, put them in a stew pot to boil soup, cool them after cooking, and remove the oil slick for later use.
Put the washed rice into the rice cooker, add appropriate amount of bone soup, and a small amount of salt, and press the cooking button. Over.
Put the cooked rice in the pot before each baby meal, add a small amount of bone soup and cook it with diced vegetables, thus keeping the vegetables fresh.
5, crucian carp soup vegetable rice
Ingredients: four small wild crucian carp, sliced carrots and radishes, diced two small green vegetables, rice (three meals for baby), oil and salt.
Practice: Wash the crucian carp, fry it in the pan, add water to the soup pot, add carrot and radish slices, burn the fried crucian carp and cook until the fragrance comes out.
Put the washed rice into the rice cooker, add a proper amount of crucian carp soup and a small amount of salt, and press the cooking button.
Put the cooked rice in the pot before each baby meal, add a small amount of fish soup and cook it with diced vegetables, thus keeping the vegetables fresh.
Fourth, children's dietary misunderstanding
One of the misunderstandings: the breakfast way of milk+eggs.
In fact, if there is no cereal for breakfast, such as steamed bread, noodles and porridge, it will easily affect the height development of children. In addition, milk can be used as water for young children, and parents can give their children a small amount of water to clean their mouths after drinking milk.
Myth 2: Give children more calcium tablets to supplement calcium.
Doctors pointed out that infants and young children are not short of calcium, but lack of vitamin D to promote calcium to be absorbed by the human body. Instead of paying a high price for calcium tablets, it is better to take food supplements, or buy a small amount of cod liver oil drops directly into the child's mouth.
Myth 3: Children dress more than adults.
The doctor said that the temperature in Ning was as high as nearly 30℃ two days ago, but she saw some children still wearing woolen pants in kindergarten. In fact, children often have more calories than adults when exercising, so parents just need to let their children wear as much as themselves.
Myth 4: Bean products are vegetables.
In fact, bean products can be regarded as meat dishes. If children only eat minced meat and tofu, they will lack vegetables. Scrambled eggs with tomatoes are suitable for meat and vegetables.
Myth 5: Children need to eat bananas, sesame oil and so on when their stools are dry.
Eating these doesn't work. The most important thing is to develop children's good defecation habits, and the defecation time should be fixed.