Laba Manuscript 1
Laba handwritten newspaper 2
Laba handwritten newspaper 3
Laba Handwritten Newspaper 4
Laba handwritten newspaper 5
Contents of Laba Manuscript 1: Custom Sacrifice of Laba Festival
Ying Shao's "Custom Pass" said: "The Book of Rites": A wax hunter killed animals in order to sacrifice his ancestors. Or: "If you are a wax worker, you will receive it, and if you make new friends, you will be rewarded with a big sacrifice." Its origin is very early, and the Book of Rites, Suburb Sacrifice, records: "Yi Jia is a wax. Wax is also, cable is also, in December, everything is sought. " "Supplementary Biography of Historical Records and Huang San" also said: "Shennong in Yan Di took it as a field, so it was reported to heaven and earth as a wax sacrifice."
Xia dynasty called it "Jiaping", Yin dynasty called it "Qingsi", Zhou dynasty called it "Big Wax" and Han dynasty changed it to "Wax". There are eight sacrificial objects: Shennong, the First God, Hou Ji, the Agricultural God, the Tian Guan God, the Post Desk God, the Taoist painter, the Cat and Tiger God, the Fangdi God, the Water God and the Insect God. The twelfth lunar month festival in the pre-Qin period was held on the third day after the solstice, and was gradually fixed on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month after the Northern and Southern Dynasties. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, this festival was painted with the color of Buddha. According to legend, before Sakyamuni became a Buddha, he never thought about asceticism and lost his head with hunger. A shepherdess saved her by mixing wild fruits with miscellaneous grains and cooking porridge with clear spring.
Sakyamuni pondered under the bodhi tree and finally became a Buddha on1February 8. Since then, Buddhism has designated this day as "Buddhism and Taoism Day", and chanting to commemorate it has become a festival. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, worshipping gods and buddhas replaced ancestor worship, celebrating harvest and expelling epidemic disasters, which became the main theme of Laba Festival. Its holiday customs are mainly cooking, giving people away, tasting Laba porridge and holding a cool breeze. At the same time, many people have been eager to celebrate the Spring Festival since then, busy killing pigs, making tofu, making wind fish and bacon with glue, and purchasing new year's goods. The atmosphere of "Nian" gradually became stronger.
Laba porridge
Laba porridge is also called "Qibao Wuwei porridge". China has been drinking Laba porridge for 1000 years. It first started in the Song Dynasty. On the day of Laba, whether it is the imperial court, the government, temples, or the people's homes, Laba porridge will be cooked. In the Qing Dynasty, the custom of drinking Laba porridge became more popular. At court, emperors, queens and princes give laba porridge to civil and military ministers and attendants, and distribute rice and fruit to monasteries for monks to eat. In the folk, every household should also make laba porridge to worship their ancestors; At the same time, family members get together for dinner and give gifts to relatives and friends.
Laba garlic [garlic pickled with Laba vinegar]
It is a custom in the north, especially in North China to brew Laba garlic on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. Its materials are vinegar and garlic cloves.
Eat ice
On the day before Laba, people usually use steel pots to scoop water to freeze. When Laba Festival comes, the ice in the pot is removed and broken. It is said that the ice on this day is magical, and it won't hurt your stomach for a year after eating it.
Laba tofu
"Laba Tofu" is a folk specialty in Ganxian County, Anhui Province. Before Laba on the eve of the Spring Festival, that is, around the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, every household in Ganxian county will bask in tofu, which is called "Laba tofu" by the people.
Laba noodles
In some places in northern China where little or no rice is produced, people eat laba noodles instead of laba porridge. The next day, on the morning of the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, the whole family will eat Laba noodles.
Mai renfan
Xining Laba Festival does not drink porridge, but eats wheat kernel rice. On the night of the seventh day of the twelfth lunar month, the newly ground wheat grains are cooked with beef and mutton, with green salt, ginger skin, pepper, tsaoko, Miao Xiang and other condiments, and cooked overnight with slow fire. According to the legend in Qinghai, the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month is the day when Sakyamuni became a monk. Before the Taoist priest became a monk, a shepherdess offered chyle and cooked porridge with fragrant grains for the Buddha. That porridge was wheat kernel porridge, and later it became "Laba porridge" in Qinghai. According to this practice, later generations made this diet into a recipe for Qinghai people, and it also became a popular dish in restaurants.
Laba Festival manuscript content 2: Laba Festival legend 1: Laba Festival is the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month (December), which originated in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. It is said that Zhu Yuanzhang was hungry and cold when he was in trouble and suffering in prison. Zhu Yuanzhang actually dug up seven or eight kinds of miscellaneous grains such as red beans, rice and red dates from the mouse hole in the prison. Zhu Yuanzhang cooked these things into porridge. Because it was the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, Zhu Yuanzhang called this pot of miscellaneous grains porridge Laba porridge. I enjoyed a delicious meal. Later, Zhu Yuanzhang pacified the world and became the emperor facing south. In order to commemorate that special day in prison, he designated it as Laba Festival and officially named the miscellaneous grains porridge he ate that day Laba porridge.
Legend 2: The founder of Buddhism, Sakyamuni, was originally the son of Sudoku King in northern ancient India (now Nepal). He saw that all living beings were suffering from physical illness, disease and death. He was dissatisfied with the theocratic rule of Brahmins at that time and gave up the throne and became a monk. After six years of asceticism, he became a Buddha under the bodhi tree on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. In the past six years, I have only eaten one hemp and one meter a day. Later generations did not forget his sufferings and ate porridge as a souvenir on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month every year. "Laba" became "Buddha's Day". "Laba" is a grand festival of Buddhism. Before liberation, Buddhist temples all over the country held Buddhist baths and chanted scriptures, and imitated the legend that a herder offered chyle before Sakyamuni became a monk, and cooked fragrant cereal porridge to offer sacrifices to the Buddha, which was called "Laba porridge". Laba porridge was presented to disciples and kind men and women, and later became a folk custom. It is said that in some monasteries, before the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, monks would hold alms bowls along the street and cook the collected rice, chestnuts, dates, nuts and other materials into Laba porridge and distribute it to the poor. Legend has it that eating it can get the blessing of Buddha, so the poor call it "Buddha porridge"
Legend 3: Laba Festival comes from the custom of "dressing up as a ghost with red beans". Legend has it that Zhuan Xu, one of the five emperors in ancient times, turned his three sons into evil spirits after his death and came out to scare children. In ancient times, people generally believed in superstition and were afraid of ghosts and gods. They believe that adults and children suffer from strokes and poor health because of the spectre of epidemics. These evil spirits are fearless, only afraid of red (red) beans, so there is a saying that "red beans play ghosts." Therefore, on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, porridge is cooked with adzuki beans and adzuki beans to dispel the epidemic and welcome the auspicious.
Legend 4: Laba Festival originates from people's memory of Yue Fei, a loyal minister. At that time, Yue Fei led troops to resist gold in Zhuxian town, which was in the severe winter of September. Yue Jiajun had no food and clothing, was hungry and cold, and the people sent porridge one after another. Yue Jiajun had a hearty meal of "thousand porridge" sent by the people, and the result was a great victory. It was the eighth day of December. After Yue Fei's death, in order to commemorate him, people cooked porridge with miscellaneous grains and beans on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, which finally became a custom.
Legend 5: Qin Shihuang built the Great Wall, and all migrant workers were ordered to come. They can't go home for many years, and they rely on their families to send them food. Some migrant workers whose homes are separated by water in Qian Shan are unable to deliver meals, resulting in many migrant workers starving to death at the site of the Great Wall. One year, on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, migrant workers who had no food jointly accumulated a few handfuls of coarse grains, put them in a pot and cooked them into porridge. Everyone drank a bowl and finally starved to death under the Great Wall. In order to mourn the migrant workers who starved to death at the Great Wall site, people eat Laba porridge every year on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month as a memorial.
Legend 6: According to legend, the old couple lived a hard life, scrimped and saved a lot of money, but their precious son failed to live up to expectations and married a daughter-in-law. They soon lost their wealth. On the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, the young couple were cold and hungry. Fortunately, villagers and neighbors helped to cook a pot of "hybrid porridge" mixed with rice, noodles, beans and vegetables. It means: "Eat mixed porridge and remember the lesson." This porridge made the young couple get rid of their bad habits and embark on the right path. By living hard, their days are getting better day by day. The folk custom of eating porridge in Laba is very popular because people follow it to warn future generations.
Laba Festival Manuscript Content 3: Why Laba Festival came into being? "La" at the end of the year has three meanings: one is "La, Ye Jie", which means the alternation of the old and the new (recorded in the Book of Rites of Sui Shu); Secondly, the saying that "wax hunters hunt together" means that animals can be obtained to sacrifice ancestors and gods when hunting in the wild. "wax" comes from "meat" and is a "winter sacrifice" with meat; Thirdly, it is said that "those who wax the wax will drive away the epidemic and welcome the spring", and Laba Festival is also called "Buddhist Daoism Festival" and "Daoism Society". In fact, it can be said that the eighth day of December is the origin of Laba Festival.
Since ancient times, Laba has been used to worship ancestors and gods (including door gods, household gods, house gods, kitchen gods and well gods) for good harvest and good luck. According to "Sacrifice in the Suburbs", La Worship is "a year of December, when everything comes together and seeks." The Xia dynasty called Lari "Jiaping", the Shang dynasty called it "moss" and the Zhou dynasty called it "big wax". Because it is held in December, it is called the twelfth lunar month, and La Worship is called the twelfth lunar month.
The twelfth lunar month in the pre-Qin period was the third day after the winter solstice, and then Buddhism was introduced. In order to expand its influence in the local area, traditional culture attaches Laba Festival as the Buddhist calendar enlightenment day. Later, with the prevalence of Buddhism, the Buddha's enlightenment day merged with the twelfth day, which was called the "magic weapon festival" in Buddhism. The Northern and Southern Dynasties began to be fixed on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. "Shuowen" contains: "After La Worship's three hundred gods, it is the winter solstice." It can be seen that the third day after the winter solstice is the twelfth lunar month. Later, due to the intervention of Buddhism, the twelfth lunar month was changed to the eighth day of December, and it has since become a custom.