According to the biological characteristics of water chestnut, it can be transplanted at any time from Qingming to light summer. However, in order to obtain high yield of horseshoe, it is advisable to start raising seedlings between Qingming and light summer, and it is advisable to plant them early, and the transplanting time should not exceed the summer at the latest. So that plants can tiller and divide plants from summer solstice to summer heat, and harvest will begin in late October, and the peak harvest period will be from late November to late December.
from Qingming to Grain Rain, it is called Zaoshuihorseshoe; Before and after the summer solstice, it began to germinate, which is called water horseshoe; The water chestnut that starts to germinate from the light summer to the great summer is called the water chestnut. Before and after soil preparation and basal fertilizer application < P > Tillage and harrow are carried out in the field, usually for 3-4 times to make the soil paste, and basal fertilizer is applied at the last ploughing and harrow. Horseshoe is more resistant to fertilizer, which requires the application of base fertilizer with late foot and quick-acting fertilizer. Generally, 8 kg of amino acid organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is applied every 667m2. Horseshoe is propagated by bulbs, and it is not advisable to dig the water chestnut that has survived the winter in the field too early. Generally, it is dug when germination is accelerated. Before sowing, bulbs with good seed quality, large bulbs, high seed shape, sound terminal buds, no pests and diseases and no rot are selected as seeds. Seed requirement per 667m2 field: 75 ~ 1 kg for submerged horseshoe and late horseshoe, and only 15 ~ 2 kg for early horseshoe, which varies with different planting periods. Cultivating short, strong and strong seedlings is the basis of high yield and high quality of horseshoe. Generally, seedlings are raised between Qingming and Grain Rain. Because of the low temperature and slow emergence in early spring, seedlings should be germinated 3 ~ 45 days before planting, and horseshoe seeds should be dug up before germination at vernal equinox. After germination is accelerated indoors, seedlings should generally be cultivated in dry rice fields in the open field. You can also raise seedlings in the open water seedling field.
method of accelerating germination indoors: before sowing, soak the seeds in 5 times solution of 36% Junzhenqing No.2 for 12 hours to sterilize the seeds and kill the surface germs. Then wet straw is spread on the ground, 3-4 layers of seed stalks are alternately stacked on the straw, with the top buds facing upwards, covered with straw, watered for 2-3 times a day, and kept moist. After 1-15 days, when the buds are 1.5cm long, the grass cover is removed, and the leaflike stems begin to grow and have 3-4 lateral buds after 2 days. How to manage rice to achieve high yield?
Scientific fertilization management methods for high quality and high yield of rice. Fertilization of rice is closely related to varieties, soil, climate, seedling planting methods and other conditions. Different varieties, soils and cultivation conditions: the yield of rice per kilogram of nitrogen is also different. The total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorbed by rice is calculated. It is necessary to absorb 16-25 kilograms of pure nitrogen, 8-15 kilograms of phosphorus and 8.3-38.2 kilograms of potassium per kilogram of rice, but the actual fertilization amount is generally more than the total amount of nutrients. Fertilization period has certain influence on yield components. Generally speaking, base fertilizer can promote the number of grains per panicle and seed setting rate, but it has little effect on the number of panicles per mu. Topdressing plays a major role in increasing the number of panicles per mu at the splitting stage. Fertilization at the time of panicle axis differentiation is beneficial to the differentiation and growth of the second branch. The more spikelets are, fertilization at the spikelet differentiation stage and meiosis stage can prevent the deterioration of spikelets and increase the number of grains per mu. Fertilization before and after heading can improve seed setting rate and grain weight. Although there are many fertilization methods, they must be adopted according to specific conditions.
the method of "promoting, controlling and supplementing". For early rice fields with insufficient base fertilizer and few basic seedlings, it is very necessary to re-apply topdressing in the early stage of division so as to set up a high-yield shelf as soon as possible in a short time. In the middle growth period, appropriate measures should be taken to see the seedlings. If the seedling growth is weak, appropriate fertilizer can be added. If the seedling growth is normal or excessive, appropriate measures should be taken to control the growth of ineffective division and promote effective division and growth. This kind of paddy field is easy to control in the middle stage because there is not enough relay of base fertilizer, and it will not grow wildly in the later stage because of heavy fertilization in the early stage. To the late growth stage, appropriate supplementary application of ear fertilizer and grain fertilizer.
the fertilization method of "steady before and attack in the middle". On the basis of previous stability, the amount of topdressing should be increased in the middle stage to attack the big panicle, and the seedlings should be supplemented with "flower protection" and "grain increase" fertilizer in the later stage. This fertilization method is based on the establishment of a sufficient number of total seedlings in the division stage, and focuses on the initial stage of young panicle differentiation (that is, the first bud differentiation and panicle axis differentiation stage) to promote the differentiation of the second branch and spikelet, so as to increase the number of grains per panicle and win high yield.
"stable" fertilization method. On the basis of applying sufficient base fertilizer, apply fertilizer steadily during the rice growth period. It is suitable for early and middle rice. On the basis of strong and full seedlings, early and middle rice should not be fertilized too much during the split period, but should be fertilized early and steadily, and not too much fertilizer should be used after the split peak period, so as to make the split grow steadily, and attention should be paid to applying panicle fertilizer in the later period to improve the grain setting and grain weight.
The purpose of "stable" fertilization method is to prevent rice from being in a state of excessive fertilizer absorption and insufficient nutrition for a while, but to make it grow and develop in a state of nutrition that is not too insufficient and not too prosperous all its life.
In rice fertilization, we must pay attention to the coordinated use of various fertilizers in addition to appropriate water slurry management and other measures. First of all, we must pay attention to the coordinated use of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Increasing nitrogen fertilizer can generally increase rice yield, but for high-yield fields, too much nitrogen fixation often makes various elements out of balance, and its yield-increasing efficiency is greatly reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to cooperate with a certain amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to achieve the expected yield-increasing effect. At the same time, we must also pay attention to the coordinated use of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer. Inorganic fertilizers generally have high effective components and fast fertilizer efficiency, but short fertilizer supply time; The advantage of organic fertilizer is that the water content contains many fertilizer elements, and the fertilizer supply time is long and the fertilizer supply is slow. If they are used together, they can learn from each other. How to plant wheat to achieve high yield
As the saying goes, if you don't plant manure, you are fooling around. Before planting wheat, use organic fertilizer to fertilize the soil, so as not to lack water during the growing period, and finally achieve high yield. How to plant corn to achieve high yield < P > Corn plants are tall and have the characteristics of large water and fertilizer requirements and no waterlogging tolerance. Therefore, it is best to choose fertile soil with loose soil, good permeability and good drainage efficiency for planting corn. Although sandy soil has good permeability, its fertility is poor and its water and fertilizer storage capacity is weak. Clay has poor ventilation, poor soil preparation quality and is not easy to cultivate. The ideal soil is loamy soil. In addition, the salt tolerance of maize is weak. When the total salt content and chloride ion content in the whole tillage layer reach .41% and .61%, the growth of maize will be poor. Therefore, the soil with heavy salinity should be improved. How to plant green vegetables to achieve high yield?
1. study market trends. Friends of vegetable farmers can go to the nearby vegetable wholesale market or farmer's market, and if they can, they can also go to the vegetable wholesale market in large and medium-sized cities to investigate and understand the sales of various vegetables, or hire experienced vegetable dealers as production consultants, so as to keep up with the market, implement planned production of vegetables according to market needs, and rationally match varieties and quantities.
2. Select new varieties. The new variety is popular because of its high quality, high yield, disease resistance and strong adaptability. Actively selecting new varieties according to market demand can achieve good returns. But remind farmers that they must go to the formal seed management department to buy approved seeds. In addition, before cross-regional introduction, you can consult the agricultural technology extension department to find out whether it is suitable for local climate conditions; If it can be introduced, a small amount of seeds should be introduced for trial planting to form a certain consumer market, and then the area should be expanded.
3. Popularize pollution-free cultivation. In order to meet the demand of consumers for pollution-free food, vegetable farmers should actively adopt pollution-free cultivation techniques and implement standardized production in production. If you don't use highly toxic and residual pesticides, apply more organic fertilizers, biological fertilizers and biological pesticides. We should actively carry out trademark registration for vegetable products and establish brand awareness. Those who have the conditions should implement the certification of pollution-free agricultural products as soon as possible in order to seize and expand market share.
4. Improve the scientific and technological content. For example, in greenhouse cultivation, drip irrigation, infiltration irrigation, biological bacterial fertilizer, carbon dioxide gas fertilizer and bee pollination are used to increase the scientific and technological content in production, which can get twice the result with half the effort.
5, do a good job in three-dimensional planting. Three-dimensional planting can make rational use of time, space and soil nutrition and improve multiple cropping index. For example, three-dimensional planting patterns such as cucumber intercropping with Pleurotus ostreatus, summer beans intercropping with straw mushroom, watermelon intercropping with sweet pepper, loofah, fingered citron and pumpkin growing on the shed, coriander, Chinese cabbage, shepherd's purse, Chinese cabbage and spinach planting under the shed have great potential for income increase.
6. Plant special vegetables. Characteristic vegetables are unique because of their small cultivation area and high commodity value. They can be introduced and marketed according to local conditions before further expansion. Such as bulb fennel, chicory, Brussels sprouts, super sweet corn, vegetable sweet potato, fruit radish, dandelion, etc. How to plant horseshoe cells?
puffball, a gray mushroom, wants to be called Bos Domesticus or Horseshoe Bag.
the artificial cultivation method of puffball belongs to the technical field of edible fungi cultivation, and solves the problems of artificial domestication and cultivation of wild puffball, which includes tissue separation, seed production, batching, inoculation, fungus growth and mushroom production management.
the cultivation method is carried out according to the following steps: firstly, ingredients are prepared, that is, 5-15% of cotton seed powder, 2-1% of wheat bran, 42-5% of sawdust, 1-35% of fruit leaves, 5-15% of cow dung, 2-5% of monopotassium phosphate, 1-2% of gypsum and 1% of lime are weighed according to the following formula and weight ratio, and then the mixture is mixed. After stacking and fermenting for 25-3 days, the culture materials are immediately bagged and planted or filled in the sowing ditch of the mushroom shed for planting, and after inoculation, the mushrooms grow in the mushroom shed, the temperature of the mushroom shed is controlled at 16-26 DEG C, and the illumination is weak or dark. After the first tidal mushroom is harvested, the bed surface is cleaned, and water is sprayed once. After 15-2 days, the second tidal mushroom is harvested, and the third and fourth tidal mushrooms are managed by analogy. How to grow tomatoes with high yield < P > 1. Selection of tomato varieties
(1) Choose varieties that can tolerate low temperature and low light in winter warm plastic greenhouses.
(2) Cultivation in winter and spring. It is necessary to choose varieties that can withstand high temperature, low light and early maturity in the early stage and resist high temperature and disease in the later stage.
(3) Usually, the varieties with higher plants and relatively large fruits are selected.
(4) For autumn delayed cultivation, varieties with high temperature resistance and disease resistance in the early stage and low temperature resistance in the later stage should be selected.
(5) Tomato transplanting time should be timely and early, so as to achieve the goal of early-maturing cultivation in greenhouse.
Tomatoes in the growing period in the greenhouse
II. Management in the process of tomato growth
(1) The film on the sides and sides of the greenhouse should be uncovered in summer and autumn, and the temperature in the greenhouse should not exceed 32 degrees during the day.
(2) In winter and spring, only the membranes on both sides can be uncovered, but the side membranes cannot be uncovered. It is best to keep the temperature in the greenhouse at about 28 degrees during the day, and it is best to keep it above 8 degrees at night in the morning, and the humidity should be controlled within 4%.
(3) In the early stage of tomato plant growth, it is not easy to irrigate too much water in the greenhouse. Otherwise, it will affect the normal growth of plants.
(4) In the middle and late stages of tomato growth, water it frequently.
Greenhouse growers should pay attention to drainage when picking ripe tomato fruits
(5), and when the water is too sufficient in rainy season.
(6) Drip irrigation under plastic film can reduce the relative humidity in the greenhouse by 1% and increase the yield of spring tomatoes by more than 15%.
(7) After each tomato bearing a fruit, it is necessary to deal with the diseased leaves and residual leaves under the fruit. Provide space for the next fruit and save nutrients.
(8) Generally, tomatoes have 4 to 6 ears, and each ear has 2 to 3 fruits.
(9) In order to maintain the permeability of the soil, loosen the soil. How to plant calla lily? ---------------. Culture soil with high organic matter content and good drainage efficiency, cake fertilizer and paclobutrazol fermented at high temperature should be prepared before serving in the basin. Plant the plant, use .5g paclobutrazol, add a little fine soil and mix well. Calla lily should be rich in fertilizer and water during the growth period, and the fermented liquid fertilizer should be applied every 7-1 days to promote its growth and blossom. If the fertilizer is insufficient, the stems and leaves will turn yellow, which will affect flowering. Potted flowers should be placed in a moist, shaded and well-ventilated place. When the weather is dry and hot, water can be sprayed on the leaves and around the potted plants to cool and humidify the leaves and keep them fresh and clean. The optimum growth temperature is 15-2℃. Next spring, the dwarfed plants will bloom beautiful and white flowers. After cultivation comparison, the effect of root application is good by using plant growth regulator. The treated calla lily plants are obviously dwarfed, and the plant height is about 28 cm (the untreated plants are about 54 cm). The leaves are large and thick, 29 cm long and 18 cm wide (untreated ones are 2 cm long and 13 cm wide); High brightness, early flowering, flowers higher than the leaf surface (untreated flowers and leaves are basically flush); The flowering period is long and the flowers are strong and numerous. How to Fertilize Pepper at Low Temperature to Get High Yield < P > Pepper grows slowly at low temperature, but it can be used to swell fruit with Fujinmen, which contains beneficial bacteria. The activity can generate heat, increase the surface temperature, promote nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter, promote the absorption of various nutrients by pepper, improve the quality of pepper and increase the yield per mu.