Water hyacinth, also known as Eichhornia crassipes and water hyacinth, is a floating plant on the water surface native to South America. Fibrous roots developed, brown and black. The stems are extremely short and the creeping branches are light green. The leaves are round and the surface is dark green. The color is lavender. Water hyacinth likes to be born in shallow water, and can also grow in low-velocity water, drifting with the flow. Reproduction is rapid. Especially in polluted water, the water surface is covered by a large area, which makes the water lack oxygen and light, leading to the death of aquatic animals and plants. Originally from Brazil. Widely distributed in the Yangtze River and Yellow River basins of China and southern provinces.

Hazard of water hyacinth: 1. Blocking waterways, affecting shipping discharge, hindering irrigation and drainage, has become the number one enemy of agriculture, water conservancy and environmental protection.

2. Destroy fisheries

Eutrophication of rivers and lakes; Due to the shelter of water hyacinth, the flow of water body is limited, and the water body stinks due to lack of sunlight, which reduces the dissolved oxygen in the water body, reduces the activity and breeding space of underwater animals such as fish, and even leads to the death of a large number of fish and destroys the ecological environment of the river.

3. Polluted water quality

If it is not salvaged in time, it will cause blockage, the water body will not flow freely, rot and stink, and pollute the water quality again; Endangering the safe production of water plant, the water hyacinth sucked by the pump will cause the filter to block and the water plant will stop production.

4. Destroy the quality of fresh water

A large number of water hyacinths covering the water surface will reduce the PH value of water; CO2 concentration increases; The odor concentration and chromaticity of water increase; The acidity of water also increases, which greatly reduces the use value of water resources until it can't be drunk, which is harmful to urban and rural drinking water supply.

5. Serious water loss.

Covering the water surface with water hyacinth also increases the evaporation of water, which is 8- 10 times higher than that of the open water surface, resulting in water loss.

6, leading to bacterial nourishment

Provide breeding grounds for pathogens such as schistosomiasis, encephalitis and influenza, breed mosquitoes and flies, and provide opportunities for mosquito larvae to breathe and reproduce.

7. Others

The economic losses caused by grain transportation, aquaculture and tourism are even greater.

How to control water hyacinth: 1, physical control, divided into manual removal method and mechanical stirring method.

Manual removal method: Eichhornia crassipes is directly picked by manpower and material resources and transported to land for removal. This is also the most widely used method at first, and it is better for small water surface. If the water area is too large and the cost of manpower and material resources is too high, it is not recommended to use it.

Mechanical beating method: In the waters harmful to Eichhornia crassipes, relevant machinery can be used to beat and break it, so as to expand the light area of the water body, increase the flow of the water body and ensure the smooth progress of breeding, fishing and shipping.

2. Chemical control

If 50ml of 20 {BF} chlorhexidine EC is used every 667m2 in the ridge of paddy field or stubble field, it can be sprayed with water. Use 25ml of 20 {BF} chlorhexidine emulsifiable concentrate, 20 {BF} dimethyl tetrachlorosodium salt solution 125ml and 7g of washing powder every 667m2, and spray them together to reduce costs and increase efficiency. Orchards, dwarf ginkgo forests and lawns can all be sprayed directionally with the above chemicals. For rivers, ponds and ditches, use 300-400 ml of 4 1 {BF} glyphosate aqueous solution, 30 g of herbicide, 60 g of paraquat or 36 {BF} glyphosate every 667 square meters. 300 grams of chlorosulfonic acid soluble powder was mixed with 20 kilograms of water and sprayed with fine mist to make the liquid medicine adhere to the stems and leaves of Alternanthera philoxeroides. We should not pay strict attention to the drinking water surface, but pay attention to the safety of people, livestock and fish.

3. Biological control

In late spring and early summer, when the minimum temperature rises above 13℃, release 1500-2000 adult Eichhornia crassipes every 667 square meters. Can achieve a certain purpose of prevention and control.

4. Prevention and control of water pollution

Eutrophication of water body is the basis of sustainable propagation and growth of Eichhornia crassipes, and the flooding of Eichhornia crassipes should be prevented from the source. Due to the great improvement of people's living standards and the continuous expansion of population, the discharge of domestic sewage and the content of organic matter have been greatly improved, which provides an important source of nutrition for the growth of Eichhornia crassipes. Therefore, in order to control the discharge of domestic sewage and the orderly discharge of industrial and agricultural wastewater, it is really necessary to use pollution-free water treatment before discharge.

In fact, to effectively stop the wild growth of water hyacinth, the key is to purify the water quality and eliminate the environment suitable for its growth; At the same time, the water hyacinth also has certain water purification and water blocking functions. Eichhornia crassipes can be used as pig feed or fish feed. Generally, Eichhornia crassipes is crushed and pulped, then 2 {BF} salt is added and stirred evenly, and then it is used to feed pigs or fish, and it can also be used to improve water quality. This is turning waste into treasure. Let's call it a day.