Suitable sowing date of spring cabbage: Generally, sowing is from late March to early April.
Suitable sowing date of summer cabbage: Generally, sowing is from mid-May to early July.
Suitable sowing date for autumn Chinese cabbage: Generally, sowing is 3-5 days before and after beginning of autumn, but it can also be postponed or advanced according to the actual weather conditions.
Cabbage likes cold climate, the average temperature is 18-20℃, and it grows best in sunny conditions. It can safely overwinter at -2~-3℃. The temperature above 25℃ is weak, and it is easy to suffer from virus disease. Only a few heat-resistant varieties can be cultivated in summer.
Germinated seeds and green plants of Chinese cabbage complete vernalization within a certain number of days below 65438 05℃, with flower bud differentiation starting from seedling tip and leaf differentiation stopping. Bolting and flowering under long sunshine and high temperature. But the requirements of different varieties for long sunshine are obviously different.
Extended data cultivation technology:
(1) Intercropping: Intercropping for the first time when there are 2-3 true leaves. The second seedling has 5-6 leaves. 7-8 leaves can be planted. Choose different row spacing according to different varieties, and leave 1 strong seedlings in each hole. Weeding can be combined with thinning.
(2) Topdressing: After the Chinese cabbage survives, topdressing can be started. Topdressing 1 times 15% decomposed human excrement and urine every 3-4 days, with the dosage of 4-5 loads per mu. According to the weather and the dry and wet conditions of the soil, human feces and urine should be mixed with water. When Chinese cabbage enters the clumping stage, the fertilizer concentration should be increased. Usually, every 5-7 days, 30% of the decomposed human excrement and urine should be chased, and the dosage per mu is 15-20 tons, and the dried vegetable or hemp is 75- 100 kg.
After packaging, topdressing and potash fertilizer should be applied again to increase production. 30-40 loads of 50% decomposed human manure can be applied per mu, and plant ash 100 kg or potassium sulfate 10- 15 kg can be ditched for topdressing. This time, vegetable farmers are called "stuffing the heart". After vegetation plants are closed, topdressing is generally not needed. If the base fertilizer is insufficient, urea can be applied between rows as appropriate.
③ intertillage and soil cultivation: in order to facilitate topdressing, loosen the soil and weed for 2-3 times in the early stage. Especially after the long rain clears up, the kang land should be cultivated in time to promote root growth. In the middle stage of the rosette, the cake fertilizer was applied to the border for ridging, and the ridging height was 10- 13 cm. The main purpose of ridging is to facilitate fertilization and watering and reduce diseases.
After the cultivation, the manure should be poured into the border, and the leaf label should not be attached. Water is poured into the ditch to avoid soaking the stump. At the same time, the air circulation in the ditch is maintained, so that the air humidity between plants is reduced. This can reduce the occurrence of soft rot.
④ Irrigation: Chinese cabbage should be watered lightly and frequently at seedling stage to keep it moist. Intermittent irrigation during the rosette period, see dry and wet, and properly practice seedlings. High water content is required when pelletizing, and furrow irrigation can be used when soil is dry. Irrigation should be carried out in the evening or at night after the ground temperature drops.
Fill in slowly, don't fill the border. After water seeps into the soil, the remaining water should be discharged as soon as possible. Make sure there is no water in the ditch, no water on the sides and no water shortage at the roots. Generally speaking, keeping the soil moist is one of the keys to high yield of Chinese cabbage from the end of heading stage to the middle stage.
⑤ Mulching by threshing: It is an inevitable law for Chinese cabbage to grow and develop without threshing. However, if late-maturing varieties encounter severe cold, in order to promote good fruit and delay harvest supply, the outer leaves are lifted after light snow, tied with straw and covered with a straw-type agricultural film, which can not only protect the heart leaves from freezing damage, but also soften the heart leaves. Early-maturing varieties do not need bunching leaves and covering.
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