Fuzhou Horn Comb is a traditional brand-name product in China. It was exhibited at the "World Expositions" held in Panama, Chicago and Canada, and won the gold medal and the gold shield award. Fuzhou Horn Comb takes buffalo horn in the south of China and horn horn in the north as raw materials. The processing technology of angle comb is excellent. A claw comb is made of raw materials, and it takes 25 processes to make each claw comb as smooth as a mirror. Now, new varieties have been added. With traditional lacquer painting techniques, tigers, leopards, lions, elephants and other 10 kinds of birds and animals are carefully drawn on the horn comb. The pictures are vivid and never fade, and are well received by customers at home and abroad.
Olive: One of Fuzhou's famous fruits, there are clove, Huiyuan, Chang Ying and other famous products. The fruit surface is green, the flesh is yellow and white, and the taste is sweet and crisp. Can be processed into flat olives, licorice olives, spiced fruits, etc., which are very popular with tourists.
Fuju: one of the famous fruits in Fuzhou, which is bright red and beautiful, sweet and sour, and most of them are sold to the North China market. The skin, core and collaterals of Artemisia selengensis have medicinal effects, and the orange cake has the effects of resolving phlegm, relieving cough, warming stomach and strengthening spleen.
Longan: one of the six famous fruits in Fujian, the fruit is sweet and delicious. Dried longan is a famous nourishing product, and it is famous at home and abroad for its suburban red-seeded seeds and Changle flat box hazelnut.
Litchi: One of the famous fruits in Fujian, it has been a tribute since the Tang Dynasty. There are famous products such as Lianggonghong, Xiafanzhi, Lv Hong and Chenzi, which can be dried, brewed and canned, and are deeply loved by Chinese and foreign tourists.
Furong Li: Yongtai County is the most famous, sweet and sour, with high quality. It can be eaten fresh or processed into Fructus Yingzi, Plum slices, Plum salt and Plum cake. This is the traditional export commodity of this county.
Fuzhou paper umbrella is one of the three treasures in Fuzhou with a long history. This kind of paper umbrella is very fine in workmanship. Workers use oil painting, color painting, inkjet printing, screen printing and other means to draw flowers and birds, landscapes, figures and other patterns on the paper umbrella, which is very elegant and beautiful. A high-quality paper umbrella can be stretched 10000 times or more without deformation, and it will not deteriorate after being soaked in water for 24 hours, at a high temperature of nearly 50 degrees Celsius. Fuzhou paper umbrella not only sells well in the domestic market, but also sells well in many countries and regions around the world.
Shoushan Stone: Shoushan Stone in Fuzhou is one of the traditional "four seals" in China. Stone materials are distributed in the "Golden Triangle" zone at the junction of northern suburb of Fuzhou and Lianjiang and Luoyuan. If the vein strikes, it can be divided into three systems: Gaoshan, Qishan and Yueyang. Because Shoushan mining area was mined earlier, it was called "Tiankeng, Shuikeng and Shankeng" in ancient times, which refers to the ore mined in the ridges, streams and caves of this mining area. After 1500 years of excavation, hundreds of varieties have appeared.
Shoushan stone belongs to the rock subclass of colored stone in gemology and color stone science. Its species and stone names are very complicated, with about 100 varieties. According to traditional customs, Shoushan stone can be generally divided into three categories: tiankeng, puddle and mountain pit.
Shoushan village is surrounded by a trickle. At the bottom of paddy fields on both sides of the winding Shoushan River around the village, a kind of "king of stones" Shoutian stone is produced. Because it is produced at the bottom of the field, it is mostly yellow, so it is called Tiankeng Stone or Tianhuang. According to the color classification, Shi Tian can be generally divided into yellow field, red field, white field, gray field, black field and flower field.
Food culture-Fujian cuisine, represented by Fuzhou cuisine, has a long history, a wide variety, fine selection of ingredients and rigorous production. It is one of the eight major cuisines in China, which is unique in the culinary world and enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad. Buddha jumps over the wall, the first of Fujian cuisine, with precious raw materials, exquisite production and thick soup. Mussel chicken soup, with unique production method, mellow soup color and delicious taste, is known as the king of all dishes. Fuzhou's famous dishes, such as light lobster sauce, litchi meat, drunken chicken and taro duck, are also unique. Flavor snacks are also an important part of Fuzhou's food culture. According to the classification of raw materials, it can be divided into rice, flour, starch, dried fruit, meat and seafood, especially rice, beans and sugar. Red and white rice cakes during the Spring Festival, Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month, Zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival and solstice rub in winter are traditional foods that Fuzhou people like. In recent years, Taichi taro paste of Juchunyuan Hotel in Fuzhou, fixed-edge paste of Antai Building and food garden, meatballs, fish balls and flat meat swallows have won the title of "Chinese famous snacks".
Traditional Arts-Fujian Opera, Pinghua and Fan Shi: Fujian Opera is also called "Fuzhou Opera". In the Ming Dynasty, Kunshan dialect and Yiyang dialect were introduced into Fuzhou, and Fuzhou dialect opera gradually rose. From the early years of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty to around the Revolution of 1911, it was called "Min Ban". 1924, Mr. Zheng Zhenduo published the traditional drama "Yu Zi Chai", and officially replaced the name "Min Ban" with "Min Opera". Pinghua is the main variety of folk art in Fuzhou. It pays attention to singing, speaking, doing and speaking. It has the reputation of "living fossil of humanity". Fan Shi, formerly known as "Xie Huan", means harmony and happiness. It is one of the main local music in Fuzhou. It evolved from a folk dragon dance with melodious tunes.
Fuzhou folk customs can be divided into five categories: festival customs, wedding, funeral and birthday customs, rural customs, food customs and clothing customs. There are mainly lanterns, stilts, dragon lanterns, lion dances, dragon boat races, mountain climbing and other folk activities.
Folklore develops in alternation.
The fashions and customs that have been popular among the people for thousands of years basically reflect the traditional habits, moral norms and spiritual outlook of Fuzhou people, and are an important part and distinctive symbol of Fujian folk culture. From the perspective of historical evolution, Fuzhou customs inherited the heritage of ancient Yue culture and accepted the influence of ancient Central Plains culture. At the same time, it is influenced by religion, especially Buddhism and Taoism; In modern times, it absorbed and integrated overseas cultural customs.
In the traditional seasonal festivals and customs in Fuzhou, welcoming the new year vividly reflects the traces left by ancient Yue. Traditional weddings and funerals, Lantern Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Double Ninth Festival, marriage and engagement in birthday customs, and birthdays, won birthdays, Kuixing birthdays, land birthdays and Luban birthdays in folk customs are obviously influenced by the Central Plains culture and are living fossils of ancient Central Plains culture.
The worship and belief of Fuzhou folk to Niang (Mazu, commonly known as Mazu) and the land goddess Chen Jinggu (called Mrs. Chen, the queen mother of the waterfront, commonly known as Shuinai) shows the profound influence of Taoism on Fuzhou folk customs, especially Shuinai, which has been regarded as the patron saint of women and children in the folk for hundreds of years, has penetrated into almost every household in the folk.
Believing in Guanyin's birthday and Dizang's birthday in folk customs fully shows the penetration of Buddhism. Buddhism and Taoism are worshipped by believers in Fuzhou folk customs, which is often the same as offering Buddha and Taoism. Relatively speaking, Islam has little influence on the customs of Fuzhou.
In modern times, living habits in Fuzhou have also been influenced by Catholicism and Christianity. Christmas, Valentine's Day, Mother's Day and so on vividly reflect the tradition that Fuzhou people are good at absorbing foreign cultures.
All folk customs are "handed down by predecessors" (Fuzhou proverb). On the one hand, we inherit the folk cultural heritage of our ancestors, on the other hand, we create new folk culture for the next generation. In addition, all kinds of cultures, including folk culture, are unprecedentedly active, and old and new folk customs appear alternately. Fuzhou is no exception. For example, Taiping eggs get smaller and smaller as you eat them. Because duck egg is homophonic with "suppressing chaos", Fuzhou people call it "Taiping egg". When you meet a wedding reception, birthday party, farewell party, and over nine (those who meet nine in vain), you should eat flatly. However, with the improvement of living standards, people's appetite is getting smaller and smaller, and they feel that they can't eat the giant eggs in the banquet. For this reason, the chefs racked their brains and finally replaced it with quail eggs and pigeon eggs, which were elegant and innovative, and gradually became a new custom. Moreover, quail is homophonic with safety, which is quite meaningful and quickly accepted by the masses.
Bole Festival encroaches on traditional festivals. In recent years, Mother's Day, Valentine's Day, Christmas and other imported festivals have become the trend of this city. Fuzhou has the tradition of "Boiling Wine Festival". Married daughters should make "boiled wine porridge" on the 29th day of the first month, and send it back to their parents as soon as possible to honor their parents. Up to now, the suburban counties of Fuzhou still maintain this custom, but the "Aojiu Festival" in the urban area has gradually been replaced by "Mother's Day". Speaking of this festival, the flower shop business is particularly good. You can also see your parents' party in the restaurant. In addition, Valentine's Day and Christmas are also invading. Recently, Fuzhou Hotel plans to hold a traditional Valentine's Day event in China on July 7th this year. I wonder if I can catch my lover's heart.
"One more person" should become a full member. At a traditional banquet, the oldest person should sit for a while. Take the Eight Immortals Banquet (Table) in the lobby of old houses as an example. The one on the left is the table, and the one on the left is the one inside, which means "one is longer". Only those with the longest experience and the oldest qualifications are eligible to participate. But now the "long one" has turned positive. No matter what kind of house it is, whether it is a square table or a round table, the one facing the door in the middle of the table is the largest. The person who sits in the largest position is the host, followed by the person with the highest status, and the third is the "head person" among the distinguished guests; According to age and seniority, there are only family banquets and rural customs activities. From a table on the left to a "middle" one, it is easy for young people to understand, and of course they have to turn to the end.
Rebate instead of wine package. There is a custom of "carrying wine bags" at traditional banquets in Fuzhou, that is, in addition to satisfying the guests (Fuzhou custom), the caterer also asks you to bring a big bag of wine back for parents or wives and children to enjoy, which is very meaningful in the era of food shortage. But on today's Fu Ri Festival (Fuzhou proverb), wine bags have become the burden of the party, so no one takes them back and has to throw them away. To this end, people have come up with many reform methods. First, replacing wine bags with aluminum barrels and thermos bottles makes this kind of wine bags in the homes of frequent diners a disaster. However, the custom of wine bags cannot be abolished. In desperation, we have to use cash rebate instead. Now go to the wedding reception, you give a big red envelope and the host gives you a small red envelope. 10 yuan, 30 yuan. The guests got rid of the drag of the old wine bag and had a "wine bag" that could be put into their pockets. Why not? In all these cases, many new folk customs are replacing the old folk customs, and the old and new folk customs coexist alternately, with many innovative contents.
Four major brands of Du Min culture
The outward-looking regional characteristics and long history of Fuzhou's coastal areas have shaped the excellent qualities of Fuzhou people, such as initiative, daring to fight and win, generosity and loyalty, and love for their ancestors and hometown. They have formed an open and inclusive urban humanistic heritage with remarkable characteristics of marine civilization, and nurtured four major cultural brands, such as Tanzhe Mountain Culture, Ship Administration Culture, Three Pavilions and Seven Alleys Culture and Shoushan Stone Culture.
Tanshishan culture
Tanshishan culture is famous for its ancient human sites. The site is located in Tanshi Village, Sugarcane Town, Minhou County, Fuzhou City. It is a national key cultural relic protection unit and the most complete preserved prehistoric ancient human cultural site in China. Tanshishan culture more than 5,000 years ago, comparable to Yangshao culture and Hemudu culture, has unique and distinctive characteristics of marine civilization. Since Tanshishan Cultural Site was discovered in 1954, eight archaeological excavations have been carried out successively, and a number of important cultural relics such as pottery lamps known as "China Yi Deng" have been unearthed.
Ship administration culture
The ship administration culture refers to the ideological and cultural achievements formed during the establishment of Fujian ship administration in the late Qing Dynasty. Fujian Ship Administration, 1866 was established in Mawei, Fuzhou. It is recognized as the "cradle of modern navy in China" and the birthplace of modern industry, science and technology and higher education in China. Since its establishment 40 years ago, Fujian Shipping Bureau has vigorously carried out a series of activities to "enrich Qiang Bing", such as shipbuilding, building warships, building airplanes, running schools, attracting talents and sending children abroad to study, which has promoted the birth and development of new industries such as shipbuilding, metallurgy, telecommunications, railway and aircraft manufacturing in modern China and left rich ideological and cultural achievements in cultural exchanges between China and the West.
Culture of "three lanes and seven lanes"
The culture of "three lanes and seven lanes" originated from the "three lanes and seven lanes" in Fuzhou historical and cultural block. "Three Alleys and Seven Alleys" is located in the downtown area of Fuzhou (Gulou District), which is the general name of the alleys arranged from north to south on both sides of Nanhou Street. The "three squares" are Yijinfang, Wenrufang and Guanglufang; "Seven Alleys" are Yangqiao Lane, Langguan Alley, Zhonglou Alley, Huang Xiang, Anmin Alley, Gongxiang and Goose Skin Alley. The basic pattern of "three lanes and seven lanes" historical and cultural blocks was formed in the late Tang Dynasty and reached its peak in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, especially in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, with a total area of about 45 hectares. There are more than 200 ancient buildings, with squares connected, alleys connected, walls painted, rigorous layout, exquisite houses and ingenious technology. Known as "Museum of Ancient Buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties" and "Living Fossil of China City Lane System". Many famous people who go down in history in Fuzhou also come from or are closely related to the "three alleys and seven alleys", which contains a heavy historical and humanistic atmosphere and shows a profound and profound culture of Fujian in Fuzhou.
Shoushan stone culture
Shoushan stone culture takes Shoushan stone carving as the carrier. Shoushan stone, produced in Shoushan Township, Jinan District, Fuzhou, is a first-class carved colored stone. Because of its bright colors, moist jade and crystal clear, it is known as a "gentleman in stone" and a "national treasure", and Shoushantian Huangshi is known as the "emperor in stone" and "king in stone".