1, definition
Action effect refers to the influence or effect of a certain factor or behavior on a specific goal or result. It can be positive; That is, it can promote the realization of the goal, or it can be negative, that is, it can hinder the realization of the goal. Action effects are usually related to specific environments, conditions and objects, and may have different intensities and durations.
2. Classification
(1) Positive effect: Positive effect means that a certain factor or behavior has a positive impact on a specific goal. Good teamwork can improve work efficiency and quality of results, which is a positive effect.
(2) Negative effect: Negative effect means that a certain factor or behavior has a negative impact on a specific goal. Excessive stress may lead to work mistakes and health problems, which is a negative effect.
(3) Direct effect: Direct effect means that a certain factor or behavior has a direct impact on the target. There is a direct positive relationship between education levels, which is a direct effect.
(4) Indirect effect: Indirect effect means that a certain factor or behavior has an impact on the target through an intermediary variable. Healthy eating habits can improve physical health, and then improve work performance, which is an indirect effect.
3. Influencing factors
(1) Environmental factors: Environmental factors include physical environment, social environment and cultural environment. Different environmental conditions may have an important influence on the function. In a creative working environment, employees are more likely to exert their creativity and innovation ability.
(2) Individual differences: Individual differences refer to people's differences in cognition, emotion and values. These differences may lead to the effect of not asking. People with high self-efficacy are more likely to succeed.
(3) Time factor: Time factor refers to the influence of time on the action effect. Some effects may gradually weaken or increase over time. The adoption rate of new technologies usually increases over time.
4. Application field
(1) Economics: Action effect is widely studied and applied in economics. The effect between demand and supply determines the change of market price.
(2) Psychology: Action effect is also of great significance in psychology. Cognitive psychology studies the effects of different stimuli on cognitive processes such as attention, memory and decision-making.
(3) Sociology: Sociology pays attention to the interaction between social systems and individuals, and the effect plays an important role in sociological research. The effect of information dissemination in social networks has influenced public opinion and behavior patterns.