The artificially domesticated pheasant varieties in my country include: local pheasant, colorful pheasant, Zuojia pheasant, blackened pheasant, and white-feathered pheasant. The only species that has been bred on a large scale in my country is the colorful pheasant, while other pheasant species are still in the breeding and conservation stages. Colorful pheasants account for more than 90% of the entire pheasant breeding industry, black pheasants account for about 5%, and other species have a small share.
1:real estate pheasant
The real estate pheasant, also known as the Hebei subspecies pheasant, is a pheasant breed cultivated in my country. This variety was formed through artificial domestication, breeding and selection of wild Hebei subspecies pheasants introduced by the Institute of Specialty Products of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Appearance characteristics: The feathers on the forehead and the base of the upper bill of the male pheasant are black; the top of the head is bronze brown, with obvious white eyebrow lines on both sides; the skin around the eyes and cheeks is exposed and is crimson; in this exposed area, There is also a small piece of short blue-black feathers located under the eyes; the ear feather clusters are black and flashing blue, with square feather tips that can stand up when moving (especially during the breeding season); the neck is black with green or purple metal reflections; the neck is There is a white neck ring under the head, which is complete and wide; the average adult weight of Hebei subspecies pheasants is 1.2~1.5kg for males and 0.9~1.1kg for females respectively. , the general annual egg production can reach 26 eggs/egg, the fertilization rate of breeding eggs is over 87%, and the hatching rate of fertilized eggs is about 89%. Hebei subspecies pheasant meat is tender and delicious, and is deeply loved by consumers at home and abroad. At the same time, it has a strong wild nature, is good at flying, and has strong ability to live independently and adapt to the wild living environment after being released. It is a more suitable breeding species in tourist hunting grounds and stocking grounds.
2:Colorful pheasant
The Chinese ring-necked pheasant is also called the American colorful pheasant. The ancestor of this species is the East China subspecies pheasant distributed in the Yellow River Basin and northern Shandong Province. It was the United States Consulate in Shanghai in 1881
Maritime Consul introduced 28 wild pheasants from East China to the United States and successfully bred them in Oregon. After more than 100 years of careful cultivation, a new breed was formed. The Institute of Specialty Products of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and two units from Guangdong and Fujian introduced this pheasant variety from Wisconsin and other places in the United States in 1990. The Chinese call it the American colorful pheasant, while the Americans call it the Chinese ring-necked pheasant. Pheasant. The varieties introduced into my country were bred through crossbreeding. The domestication practice in most areas of my country shows that the genotype of the American colorful pheasant is a hybrid.
Appearance characteristics: Large and plump body, the male pheasant has narrow and unobtrusive eyebrow lines on its head; the white neck ring is narrow and incomplete, with discontinuities on the neck and abdomen; the chest is reddish-brown
The color is brighter, and the color of the upper body is darker than that of the Hebei subspecies pheasant. The belly of the female pheasant is grayish white, and the color of the upper body is lighter than that of the Hebei subspecies pheasant.
The average adult weight of Chinese ring-necked pheasants is 1.5~1.8 kg for males and 1.1~1.4 kg for females respectively. The annual egg production is generally 70~110 1/piece, the fertilization rate of eggs reaches 85%, and the hatching rate of fertilized eggs reaches 86%. The Chinese ring-necked pheasant has high production performance, strong reproductive capacity, high degree of domestication and low wildness, so it is currently widely used in commercial pheasant farms.
3: Zuojia pheasant
This pheasant breed was developed by the Institute of Specialty Products of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 1991~1996 through the introduction of high-reproductive Chinese ring-necked pheasants and two generations of cross-breeding.
A new breed of northern Asian pheasant, selected and bred through four generations of cross-crossing and fixation. Appearance characteristics: The male pheasant has a pair of clear white eyebrows above its eye orbits; a white neck
The ring is wider and less complete, with discontinuities on the neck and abdomen; the chest is reddish copper, the upper body is brown, and the waist is blue-gray. The upper body of the female pheasant is brown or sandy yellow, and the lower body is grayish white. The body shape of this species of pheasant is similar to that of the Chinese ring-necked pheasant. Generally speaking, its coat color is between that of the Chinese ring-necked pheasant and the Hebei subspecies pheasant.
Production performance indicators: The average annual egg production of breeding hens in the house is more than 62 eggs/bird, the average fertilization rate of breeding eggs is 88.5%, and the average hatching rate of fertilized eggs is
87.6%; the breeding weights of males and females at 21 weeks of age are respectively 1.54kg and 1.13kg, and the adult weights of males and females are respectively 1.7kg and 1.26kg. The meat of Zuojia pheasant is white and tender, with fine muscle fibers, strong and long-lasting fragrance, and good taste. It is better than Hebei subspecies pheasant and Chinese ring-necked pheasant, and is very popular with foreign customers such as Japan.
4:Blackened pheasant
This pheasant was introduced by the Institute of Specialty Products of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 1990 from the McFarland Pheasant Company in Wisconsin, USA. It is called Kong in China.
Blue Pheasant. Appearance characteristics: The male pheasant's feathers are black, with a metallic green luster on the top of the head, back, side and shoulder feathers, and wing cover feathers, and a purple-blue luster on the neck; primary flight feathers and secondary flight feathers The flight feathers are dark olive color, the tail feathers are gray olive brown with black stripes and bronze edges; the belly is moist black, the eyes are dark brown, and the bill is gray. The female pheasant has black olive-brown feathers. The production performance indicators and meat quality and flavor of blackened pheasant are similar to those of Chinese ring-necked pheasant.
5:Albino Pheasant
This variety was introduced by the Specialty Products Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 1994 from the McFarland Pheasant Company in Wisconsin, USA.
Appearance characteristics: The top and neck of the male pheasant are pure white, the irises are blue-gray, the beak is white, the facial skin is bright red, the feathers on all parts of the body are pure white, without mottled feathers, and the legs are also white. The female pheasant has the same feathers and appearance as the male pheasant except that it lacks the bright red face and dewlap and has shorter tail feathers. The body size of the white-feathered pheasant is similar to that of the American colorful pheasant, and its egg production rate, fertilization rate and hatching rate are similar to those of the American colorful pheasant. But its outstanding feature is its fast growth rate, and it can reach market weight at 14 to 15 weeks of age. The white-feathered pheasant has good meat quality, high meat yield, and a high degree of domestication and domestication, so it is very suitable as a variety for intensive commercial pheasant production. At present, most of the pheasant meat sold in the United States comes from white-feathered pheasants, and there are also a large number of domesticated white-feathered pheasant production plants in many places in our country.