According to the characteristics of ancient poetry content, children's physical and mental development and learning characteristics, I think the key to promoting children's interest in ancient poetry is that teachers should choose flexible and diverse teaching methods. The method I adopt is: picture display-story telling-action performance-reviewing and consolidating the four-step method. My teaching method takes the ancient poem "Compassion for Peasants" (Don Li Shen) as a concrete example and makes the following statement.
The poem of the ancient poem "Compassion for Peasants" goes something like this: Peasants hoe the ground under the scorching sun, and sweat drips on the land under the seedlings. Who knows that every grain of rice in somebody else's bowl is bought by farmers through hard work?
For children who have no field work experience, it is undoubtedly difficult to understand the artistic conception and emotions of this ancient poem. So I mainly use pictures, stories, performances and other methods to analyze and explain this Tang poem on the basis of attracting children's interest, and then use various methods to let children consolidate their knowledge.
First, the picture shows that
The main form of thinking of children aged 3-6 is figurative thinking. Pictures are the main means to display images, so it is the most intuitive means to help children understand the contents of ancient poetry by using pictures to reproduce the situation of ancient poetry and visualize the contents of ancient poetry.
First of all, before I formally study the ancient poem "Compassion for Farmers", I will show the artistic conception and content of "Compassion for Farmers" with my own specially drawn children's wall charts or stick figures. First of all, I will show a complete picture, give children an intuitive visual experience, let them observe carefully, and boldly say what scenes are on the picture. Intuitive pictures can make children fully feel the hardships of farmers' uncles in the fields. After understanding the complete picture content, show the pictures in groups and show the ancient poems in the form of group pictures. Each picture corresponds to a poem. Let the children see how many words there are and count how many words there are in each sentence. At the same time, the teacher read the ancient poem aloud, so that children can have a preliminary understanding of the structure of this ancient poem and feel its unique rhythm and rhythm.
The stage of picture display is mainly to let children have an intuitive experience of ancient poetry, and have a general understanding of the contents and emotions to be expressed in the ancient poetry they have learned.
Second, tell stories.
Story is a kind of learning method that children can never tire of hearing and accept easily. I often compile the contents of ancient poems that children can't understand into easy-to-understand stories, and tell stories with feelings, so that children can understand the contents of ancient poems from the stories.
Children's understanding of things is always intuitive and superficial. Only under the timely and appropriate guidance of teachers can they have a more comprehensive understanding of things. To this end, the method I often use when telling stories is: let the children tell stories freely first, then the teacher summarizes according to the children's speeches, and finally the teacher tells stories for the children completely.
I adapted the poem "Compassion for Farmers" into such a short story: there was a little boy named Pumbaa in the kindergarten. Pumbaa is very picky about food, especially rice. At noon that day, when eating fried rice in kindergarten, Pumbaa was very worried about this bowl of rice. He just doesn't want to stir it. After a while, he spilled rice all over the table. The teacher saw it and came over to ask him to pick up the spilled rice. He muttered, "If I don't like it, I won't answer it. If I pick it up, I won't eat it either. It's just a few grains of rice. " After listening to Pumbaa, the teacher sighed and said, "Let me tell you a story about rice."
These rice were bought by farmers' uncles through hard work. Under the scorching sun, they waved hoes and worked hard in the fields. Under the scorching sun, the sweat of the farmer's uncle dripped down and soaked the clothes and the ground. In spite of this, they still refused to make time to rest. The farmer's uncle said, "Only hard work can bring rich fruits." The dishes we usually eat are all bought by farmers' uncles with hard sweat. How sad they will be if they know that our children are wasting food.
After listening to the teacher's story, Pumbaa hung his head in shame. He silently picked up the rice grains on the table and said to the teacher, "I will never waste food or be picky about food, because the farmer's uncle is too hard."
Hearing Pumbaa's clever words, the teacher smiled with relief.
This easy-to-understand story will deepen children's understanding of ancient poetry.
Third, the performance of action
After children understand the contents of ancient poems, teachers can invite children who are willing to show themselves to perform them on stage. Let children express the content of ancient poetry with actions and expressions, which can not only give play to children's imagination and creativity, but also mobilize children's enthusiasm for learning ancient poetry and deepen their understanding of ancient poetry.
The ancient poem "pity the farmers", it was noon when weeding, and sweat dripped down the soil. Who knows that every grain of Chinese food is hard? Children will take the initiative to create actions according to the contents of the poem: holding hoes in both hands, constantly hoeing the ground, and then wiping the sweat on their faces with their hands for a while. Use these meticulous movements to show the hard work of the farmer's uncle.
Through role-playing, the children present the hard-working pictures of farmers' uncles in ancient poems. Because children play their own roles, the roles in ancient poetry are no longer cold characters on the screen, but themselves or their companions. In this way, children are bound to feel intimate with the role of hardworking and sweaty farmer uncle in ancient poetry, which naturally deepens their inner experience.
In the process of story performance, children not only deepen their inner experience, but also feel the emotions expressed by ancient poems, and also experience the methods and fun of communicating with others with actions, expressions and gestures.
Fourth, review and consolidate.
There are many ways to review and consolidate ancient poems. My usual methods are: situational approach to life, singing poetry with music.
Go deep into the life situation, that is, bring children into society and nature, select typical scenes related to poetry as the object of children's observation, and present them clearly in front of children with language description. When reviewing the poem "Compassion for Peasants", I led the children to the back hillside of our kindergarten to watch the peasants cultivate. Empathy has experienced the hardships of farmers' labor, and it has also deepened children's understanding of the contents of ancient poems, so as to better recite them.
In the method of music with poems, the language of music is subtle, which shapes the image of music with unique melody and rhythm and brings unique artistic conception to listeners. When I recite "Compassion for Farmers", I often give my children some ancient music or light music, with the artistic conception of ancient poetry. Play these music gently when children are free to move, so that children can continue to learn and consolidate. In the context of music rendering, children often unconsciously recite this poem gently.
After repeated consolidation, children can recite the poem "Compassion for Farmers" correctly and fluently, and learn to recite it.
I firmly believe that "practice makes perfect, and I can recite 300 Tang poems." So I pay more attention to the teaching of ancient poetry. I lead my children to learn ancient poetry by looking at pictures, telling stories, performing, reviewing and consolidating the "four-step method". Through this teaching method, children's interest in ancient poetry is cultivated. Every time I start playing related music or saying the title of a poem, the children will recite it aloud. The more ancient poems are read, the more children will understand the emotions to be expressed in poems. Through this method, children are not only taught to learn this ancient poem, but also made some additional achievements: the link of picture display cultivates children's meticulous observation ability; In the process of storytelling, cultivate children to tell stories independently and dare to show their abilities in front of groups; This link of action performance also allows children to experience the methods and fun of communicating with others with actions, expressions and gestures.
In a word, I think this method is more suitable for ancient poetry teaching in kindergartens. In the future teaching of ancient poetry, I will further study and explore more suitable teaching methods.