The ultimate goal of hypertension management is to control the blood pressure within the normal range, i.e., systolic blood pressure less than 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure less than 90 mmHg.

Different risk classification of hypertension, different management methods are recommended:

Low-risk hypertension: adjusting the diet and lifestyle habits, eliminating the factors that trigger hypertension, most patients can avoid the pain of taking antihypertensive drugs for life. The most important thing is to adjust the diet and lifestyle, eliminate the factors that trigger hypertension, limit the consumption of alcohol and smoking, maintain a happy mood, and insist on exercise, etc., most of the patients' blood pressure can be turned into normal, avoiding the pain of taking antihypertensive drugs for the rest of their lives.

Medium-risk group: at this time, in addition to adjusting lifestyle and diet, focus on eliminating risk factors for cardiovascular disease, with antihypertensive drugs to assist in controlling blood pressure. Finally, lowering blood lipids, controlling blood pressure, and treating elevated peer cysteine with folic acid.

High-risk group: must receive drug treatment, in addition to a variety of antihypertensive drugs with a combination of treatment, the selected antihypertensive drugs should not only be able to lower blood pressure, but also on the heart, brain and kidney protection, preferably once a day to take a long-acting antihypertensive drugs. In addition, it should be combined with hypolipidemic drugs, hypoglycemic drugs, aspirin to prevent blood clotting, and atorvastatin to treat atherosclerosis. Drugs to improve blood supply to the heart and brain and to treat complications are equally necessary.

Risk self-assessment table for hypertensive patients:

Risk factors: male, age (≥55 years for men, ≥65 years for women), dyslipidemia, blood glucose, obesity, family history of early-onset CVD (<55 years for men, <65 years for women);

Organ damage (OD organ) damage): increased pulse pressure difference over 60 mmHg, ECG suggestive of ventricular hypertrophy, carotid plaque, eGFR (30-60 ml/min/1.73 m2), microalbuminuria (30-300 mg/24 hr), or urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (30-300 mg/g);

Comorbidities: diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, CVD cardiovascular disease (CVD cardiovascular disease), CKD (chronic kidney disease) (eGFR less than 30ml-min-1-1.73m-2).

Criteria for lowering blood pressure to meet the standard:

Blood pressure in the general hypertensive population should be lowered to less than 140/90 mmHg;?

People with diabetes mellitus or associated kidney disease should be controlled below 130/80 mmHg;?

People with proteinuria less than 1 g/day in renal disease should have their blood pressure controlled below 130/80 mmHg;?

People with kidney disease proteinuria greater than 1 g/day should have their blood pressure controlled more strictly, and it should be less than 125/75 mmHg.

How to Prevent High Blood Pressure:

1. If you have bad habits such as smoking and alcoholism, you should change them. Start by quitting smoking and limiting alcohol.

2. Look at your weight and see if you are overweight. If you are overweight or have a large waistline (more than 90 cm for men and 85 cm for women), you should lose weight.

3. It is also important to change your dietary habits. It is also important to change your dietary habits. Don't put too much salt and soy sauce in your cooking, and gradually adapt to a lighter diet. The DASH diet is recommended by the American Dietetic Association.

4. Exercise more, 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week. Exercise not only helps keep you in shape, but also builds cardiorespiratory fitness and is a great way to relieve stress. Whether it's to prevent high blood pressure or not, exercise is beneficial, and people with high blood pressure, too, can benefit from physical activity.

5. Learn to reduce psychological stress. Excessive psychological stress over a long period of time can also lead to increased blood pressure. When you are under pressure, talk to your family and friends, develop some hobbies that can help you relieve stress, and seek professional help from psychologists and other professionals when necessary.

6. Pay attention to regular medical checkups and measure your blood pressure every six months, so that abnormalities can be detected and controlled and treated as early as possible.