Selection of planting varieties of ginseng fruit
*** 1*** ASCA*** Aska * * *
The plant grows vigorously, with dark green leaves, stout stems and heart-shaped fruits. Single fruit weight 150-250g, with a maximum of 500g. Young fruit is green, mature fruit is golden yellow with obvious purple stripes. It can bear high temperature, can bear fruit above 35℃, and has high fruit setting rate, about 40 per plant throughout the year.
***2*** big purple
The plant grows vigorously, the leaves are dark green, the fruit is heart-shaped, and the single fruit weight is100-200 g. Young fruit is green, and mature fruit is golden yellow with purple stripes. Low temperature tolerance, high fruit setting rate, about 30 per plant throughout the year.
***3*** Changli
Plants grow vigorously. The leaves are dark green and the fruit is heart-shaped. Single fruit weight 150-250g, maximum fruit 1000g. Young fruit is green, mature fruit is golden yellow with obvious purple stripes. Resistant strains have high fruit setting rate, with 40-50 fruits per plant throughout the year.
Planting, Sowing and Seedling Raising of Ginseng Fruit
Ginseng fruit has wide adaptability and strong branch germination. As long as the temperature is suitable, it can be planted all year round. Because cutting is simple and easy to survive, cutting is used to raise seedlings on the base wood. When cutting, please select the upper branches and cut them into short sections 12 cm long, which can be shorter in winter. Remove the leaves and leave the petiole. In order to promote rooting, the lower ends of branches are cut into inclined planes and quickly immersed in 50-200ml/L acetic acid solution or acetic acid solution, and the penetration depth is about 1/2 of the branch length. Then pour water on the soles of your feet and cover them with a thin layer to prevent soil moisture from evaporating. High and low temperatures are not conducive to the germination of roots and new branches. After cutting, the suitable site temperature should be kept at 15. Try to use a large-diameter pot, preferably 35-45 cm. * * You can also choose a small pot in Sichuan and change it into a big pot. Nutritionally, in a fertile garden, flowerpots are mixed with decomposed organic fertilizers in a ratio of 4:6.
Planting and sowing management of ginseng fruit
*** 1*** Temperature and lighting
Ginseng fruit is a warm-loving crop, and the growth temperature of rubber nail is 20-30℃. If the temperature is too high in summer, it can be shaded to cool down. In winter, flower pots can be placed indoors or covered with straw mats. At night, the temperature should not be lower than 10C, and the light should be increased as much as possible.
***2*** Fertilizer and water management
Potted ginseng fruit should be forced to fertilize and water according to the requirements of different seasons, different weather and different growth periods. In the cold season and seedling stage, forced fertilization and watering are usually carried out every 7- 10 days; In warm season and flowering and dyeing period, it is usually once every 2-3 days, once in clean water and once in fertilizer water: in hot season, it is necessary to water frequently and spray fertilizer on the leaves, and 0.4% urea or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution or other foliar fertilizer solutions can be used for foliar spraying.
***3*** Other management
Generally speaking, it is better to leave four main branches in potted ginseng fruit, and add another branch to the upper part of each main branch, and remove all other dense branches and weak branches. Pay attention to the stems of the side branches when pruning, which will form tumors after a long time, which can add a little beauty and improve the ornamental value. After the plant grows tall, tie vines, tie 1 bamboo pole to each main branch, and directly tie or bend it into a shape, so that the main branches are evenly distributed, achieving the effect of ventilation and light transmission.
* * * 4 * * Pest control
Ginseng fruit is prone to diseases in high temperature season and rainy season. The main diseases are botrytis cinerea and virus disease. When the disease is found, you can spray 800 times of Nongliling, 800 times of Xerox or K600 times of Virus A and Virus K as soon as possible. The main pests are aphids, white mites, red spiders and yellow snails, and pesticides such as chlorfenapyr 800 times or 1500 times can be sprayed in time.
Planting method of ginseng fruit tree
First, the requirements of ginseng fruit on environmental conditions
When the temperature is stable at 10℃, new buds begin to germinate and blossom and bear fruit above 18℃. The optimum growth temperature is 15- 18℃. When the temperature reaches 38℃, the young leaves will be burned, and the freezing injury will appear again at 0℃. Hi-light, its light saturation point is 70 thousand lux. Ginseng fruit belongs to semi-drought-tolerant plants, and 60%-80% of the maximum water capacity in the field is suitable. Ginseng fruit has wide adaptability to soil, and its requirements are not strict, but it is better to use fertile soil with deep soil layer, good drainage and rich organic matter. Ginseng fruit is both fertilizer-loving and fertilizer-tolerant, and the order of nutrient absorption is: potassium >; Nitrogen >: calcium >: phosphorus > magnesium.
Second, the cultivation techniques
The seeds of ginseng fruit are few and small, and the emergence rate and seedling rate are not ideal. Therefore, cutting is the main method of seedling propagation at present, but seed propagation can maintain seed quality and facilitate seed disinfection, thus overcoming the serious virus disease caused by cutting propagation.