Often in ancient Chinese medical classics, there are records about medicinal Monopterus albus. Among the people, there is also a saying that "eat an eel in summer and a ginseng in winter". This is because Monopterus albus not only has unique medicinal value, but also has delicious meat and rich nutrition. Among more than 30 kinds of common freshwater fish, the content of calcium and iron in the muscle of Monopterus albus ranks first, and the content of protein ranks third. Monopterus albus is a kind of food with high protein and low fat, and it is a nutritional tonic suitable for all ages. From this calculation, the fat content of Monopterus albus about 1 kg is equal to the fat content of100g of beef. Therefore, people who love meat and are afraid of being fat in the future can boldly eat Monopterus albus. Most of the Monopterus albus we eat now are wild, and few are farmed. According to relevant data, farmed Monopterus albus only accounts for 1% of the market. This is mainly because China really started to cultivate Monopterus albus artificially after the 1980s. Now there are cage culture, pond culture, running water with soil culture and still water without soil culture, all of which have their own advantages. Judging from the way of culture, the still water soilless culture method is not only new, but also has many advantages, such as water saving, low cost of pool building, easy to tame compound feed and so on. In order to learn the true meaning of still water and soilless ecological cultivation, let's first meet someone. Zhou Wenzong is a researcher at the Institute of Geography, Henan Academy of Sciences. Since the early 1990s, he has been studying the culture technology of Monopterus albus. In a laboratory that lacks water and soil, he put forward the ecological culture method of Monopterus albus in still water and without soil. After more than ten years of painstaking research and repeated practice, it is finally possible to cultivate Monopterus albus in still water and without soil.

The core technology of still water soilless ecological culture of Monopterus albus is to use the principle of biodiversity and mutual benefit, so as to improve the survival rate and growth rate of Monopterus albus and prevent diseases and insect pests. In order to realize the still water soilless culture of Monopterus albus, we must first create a quiet and comfortable home for Monopterus albus. As far as I know, there is a directional problem when building a fish pond. Is there such a problem in this eel pond?

The fish pond area is generally about 18 square meters, and the pond height is 40 -50cm, which is convenient for management. The water inlet is set in the south wall, and the water outlet is at the bottom of the pond near the north wall, so as to completely discharge pollutants. In order to prevent the water in the rainy pool from soaring, it is necessary to set an overflow port on the north wall, with a height of about 30cm from the bottom of the pool. Monopterus albus has a strong climbing ability. When building a pond, a wall edge of about 10 cm must be built to prevent Monopterus albus from interpreting the story of great escape. Monopterus albus is used to living in a mud pit with acid PH, and putting it into a cement pool with high alkaline concentration at once will inevitably lead to acclimatization. Therefore, to build a fish pond, we must first use calcium superphosphate with a concentration of one thousandth to dealkalize. After soaking for one week, after changing into clean water, we should also check whether the PH of the pond water has reached about 6.5. The safest method is to put a few loaches on it. After half an hour, if the loaches turn over, it means that they are still alkaline and need to be dealkalized again. If the loaches are intact and swim freely as before, then we can buy more belongings for the eel. Therefore, it is very important to simulate a dark fish nest in still water and soilless ecological culture. It is a good idea to press a black plastic bag with waste bicycle tires, which can not only give Monopterus albus a comfortable nest, but also reduce the cost, killing two birds with one stone.

Monopterus albus likes to get together in groups, but it is also individual. Therefore, the tires should be of different specifications, such as large, medium and small, so that they can choose freely and live together with the same temper. According to our observation, most of Monopterus albus got into the tires, about 60%-70%, and another 10%-20% got into the plastic bags and 10%-20% was under the aquatic plants. This is because the individual differences of Monopterus albus are quite large, and the number of tires should be increased or decreased according to the observation, regardless of the tail like this. When setting the fish nest, you should also pay attention to the fact that the opening of the tire must be outward, so that the eel can have enough places to move. The dining table should be placed in the middle, which is convenient for Monopterus albus to eat and for managers to observe. As the saying goes, "water should be raised first in fish farming, and grass should be raised first in water farming", so putting aquatic plants is also one of the key technologies of still water soilless ecological farming of Monopterus albus. Raising aquatic plants in the eel pond can not only regulate and purify the water quality, but also provide the eel with a place to rest and shelter from the rain. More importantly, it can prevent and control diseases and insect pests. Our experiments have proved that the flavonoid-containing substances of Arachis hypogaea can have similar effects on the diseases and insect pests of Monopterus albus as gentamicin. When planting aquatic plants, the area of aquatic plants should not be too large, and at least 1/4 space should be left around to allow Monopterus albus to fully enjoy its freedom. One more thing is worth noting.

The proportion of aquatic plants should be reasonably matched in different seasons. Generally, water hyacinth and water peanut are the main crops in summer, and duckweed is the main crops in spring and autumn. It is best not to release water in winter. Because eels like to drill aquatic plants. Aquatic plants generally float on the surface of water, so it is easy to frostbite eel to build a shed for eel pond when it cools down in winter, which is an essential link in still water and soilless ecological culture of eel. This is because the pool surface of still water soilless culture of Monopterus albus is small, the water level is shallow, and the water temperature can easily exceed 300C in summer, which makes Monopterus albus have stress reaction and leads to fatal disaster. Therefore, shade measures must be taken. Plant grapes, loofah, and other climbing plants by the pool. It is also a good idea, not only to enjoy the joy of harvest, but also to shade the eel pond from the summer. Build a fish pond, build a fish nest, and set up a sunshade net. You have paved and covered it. At this time, you can't take the baby Monopterus albus home in a hurry, because parasites and bacteria are inevitable on the water plants and tires. Therefore, in general, the mixed solution of 10PPM copper sulfate and 100PPM potassium permanganate is used to spray the fish in the whole pond, so that the insecticidal and sterilized fish can be found. After soaking for 1 week, the small miscellaneous fish, loach and loach can be stocked with fresh water. That's wrong for them. In fact, loach is a strong force to increase oxygen, but it should not exceed 0.3 kg per square meter, and it should be stocked after the eel is successfully domesticated, otherwise, the greedy loach will eat all the rations of the eel.

Toads are a good doctor to treat eel, just put 1-2 in each pond, otherwise, it will disturb eel. Snail is a handyman who removes the feces of Monopterus albus, but it can't exceed 0.25 kg per square meter. If it is too much, it will compete with Monopterus albus for oxygen. With such a comfortable environment, well-equipped care workers. You can take the baby eel home. In recent years, the development of Monopterus albus culture is very fast, and the seedlings are obviously in short supply. This also gives the lawless people an opportunity. They have carefully fabricated some beautiful lies to trick the farmers into being fooled, falsely claiming that they can provide "extra-large eel" seedlings for the whole country, and said that this kind of eel is "fast growing and easy to raise." "It only takes seven months from hatching to growing to 1 kg. In fact, the so-called "extra-large Monopterus albus" seedlings are swindlers who send people to buy local low-priced goods, Monopterus albus, after defrauding customers to pay the introduction money. Farmers are often transported back, and the whole army will be wiped out in less than a month, and they will never see the grand occasion of rapid growth. Therefore, farmers who want to raise Monopterus albus must introduce it to a farm with hatching ability when introducing it. If there are wild resources in the local area, it is best to hoard them. So what problems should we pay attention to in wild hoarding? Don't put the wild Monopterus albus caught back into the pond immediately. Monopterus albus living in wild environment will inevitably have bacteria and parasites. Therefore, it is necessary to separate different specifications according to the size, and then disinfect it with 3PPM Monopterus albus 1 to avoid bringing germs into a clean fish pond when stocking. It takes 3 to 4 days to complete the screening of fish species. Every morning and evening, fish with poor quality should be picked here. What does poor quality include? As the name implies, we must first check the body of the eel. The tail that does not enter the fish nest is curly and broken. These sick eels are all the targets of elimination. Secondly, observe the color of the eel. If the mouth and anus are red and swollen, we must pick it out and never let them abuse it.

During this 3-4-day temporary cultivation period, it is inevitable to change water every morning, otherwise it will bring disaster to Monopterus albus because of lack of oxygen. In order to kill the parasites and bacteria in Monopterus albus, it is not easy to give Monopterus albus some Chinese herbal medicines and give Chinese herbal medicines to Monopterus albus who are used to eating small fish and shrimp. However, feed the Chinese herbal medicine to the greedy Tenebrio molitor, and then feed the Tenebrio molitor who has taken the medicine to Monopterus albus, so that it will not be taboo. The feeding time should be in the evening, one is that the sun is not so dazzling, the second is that the temperature is suitable, and the feeding amount should be controlled at 1% of the body weight of Monopterus albus. After 3 to 4 days of selection, the healthy ones can be stocked. Before stocking, we should use 10PPM copper sulfate to soak them for about 8 minutes, and then we can let them live in the new house. Monopterus albus is nostalgic for the past. If you stock it above the dining table, it will often come back to the dining table to play in the future, which is very beneficial to taming food. The stocking density is generally about 0/.5 kg per square meter/kloc-0, and different specifications are put in different pools to avoid bullying the small. Within two hours of stocking, you should observe carefully. When you first arrive at your new home, it is inevitable that there will be some fights, so those who don't enter the nest will be eliminated in time if they are injured. In the evening, artificial taming will begin. Why should artificial cultured Monopterus albus tame its food?

The domestication of Monopterus albus is to domesticate Monopterus albus to eat compound feed. Can make the nutrition of Monopterus albus more comprehensive and balanced, and provide a good material basis for the large-scale culture of Monopterus albus. It can be said that the artificial feeding of Monopterus albus is an important symbol to measure the success of the artificial feeding of Monopterus albus. We often say that if the artificial feeding of Monopterus albus is successful, then the artificial feeding of Monopterus albus is basically half successful. It is as difficult for a child who is used to eating wild food to eat compound feed as it is for a child to eat breast milk instead. Tenebrio molitor is the favorite of Monopterus albus. Therefore, Tenebrio molitor is used as bait to train Monopterus albus to eat compound feed. Generally, Tenebrio molitor accounts for 80% on the first day, and other compound feeds account for 20%. From then on, the amount of Tenebrio molitor decreased by 10% per day, and the amount of compound feed increased by 10%, and the meat and vegetables were matched. However, the content of Tenebrio molitor should not be lower than 40%, otherwise the taste of Monopterus albus cannot be satisfied. As the saying goes, it's very important to manage Monopterus albus every day, and many precautionary measures come from the experience of mending after it's too late, so the prevention and control of pests and diseases can't be careless.

There are three kinds of bacterial tail rot, nervous disorder and printing disease in the ecological culture of Monopterus albus in still water without soil. It is better to use potassium permanganate 1% potassium permanganate concentrated water for drug control. If it is serious, apply potassium permanganate powder directly on it. Generally, after one week, you can see that the wound begins to heal. Bacterial tail rot is caused by bacteria. Although it won't kill Monopterus albus, it can induce many bacterial diseases, so if you get it, you should treat it as soon as possible. The commonly used chlortetracycline 1 ton of water is soaked in 7-8g for 7-8h for 3-4d, once a day, and the other is used norfloxacin.

The water quality is very important, so how to judge the water quality? One is based on its water color. Generally speaking, water like this is better in yellow and green. If the general artificial breeding effect of black, brown and gray is not good, we can also judge with the naked eye that it is generally better to bottom out, but if it is not clear, there will be no fish. The snail is a guy who is very sensitive to oxygen. If it lacks oxygen, it will get together. At this time, it is necessary to change the water in time. In order to ensure good water quality, it is necessary to check the PH value of the pool water frequently. If it is slightly alkaline, use 1PPM bleaching powder to adjust it. If the PH value of slightly acidic is below 6.5, use 10PPM quicklime to adjust it. Usually, the water level is kept at about 30 cm, and it will be fine. In addition, whether in the north or the south, we must do a good job of wintering protection. Although it is frozen and cold, Monopterus albus can survive the winter safely as long as there is enough oxygen.