Question 1: What is ephedrine Ephedrine, scientific name (1R,2S)-2-methylamino-phenylpropan-1-ol, exists a variety of stereoisomers, is an alkaloid. Molecular formula C10H15NO. exists in a variety of ephedra plants, the main component of the Chinese herbal medicine ephedra. Colorless volatile liquid. Can be water vapor distillation. Commonly used its hydrochloride.

Question 2: What is ephedrine A phytochemical drug mainly derived from the plant ephedra, with therapeutic effects. Ephedra is a famous Chinese herbal medicine. 1887, Japan's Nagai Nagayoshi from ephedra divided into ephedrine monomer. 1929, China's Chen Kechou research clarified its pharmacological effects and clinical efficacy, ephedrine began to be widely used in the world. The plant ephedra mainly includes ephedra family plants grass ephedra (or Chinese ephedra, Ephedra sinica Stapf), in ephedra (E. intermedia Schrenk et G. A. Mey) and the carpenter's ephedra (E. equisetina Bunge). Ephedra contains 1% to 2% alkaloids, mainly levo-ephedrine (40% to 90%) and dextro-pseudoephedrine, with small amounts of methylephedrine, methylpseudoephedrine, demethylpseudoephedrine and demethylpseudoephedrine. Production Methods China is the main country producing natural ephedrine, using the extraction method to produce ephedrine. Some countries use synthetic method to produce, the most important of which is the biosynthesis method. ① Extraction method Usually the water decoction method is used. Ephedra decoction by alkalization after extraction with toluene, toluene extract through 2% oxalic acid solution, divided into two layers, toluene layer can be recycled, the alkaloid-containing layer of oxalic acid solution by decompression and concentration, cooling, ephedrine oxalate in the water solubility is small, the crystal precipitation, filtration, retention of pseudoephedrine oxalate in the mother liquor. Calcium chloride to replace ephedrine oxalate, ephedrine hydrochloride, the scientific name is l-N, α-dimethyl-β-hydroxyphenethylamine hydrochloride. ② biosynthesis method Apply top yeast to make benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde condensation, generate (-) 1-phenyl-1-hydroxyacetone, and then condensed with methylamine, palladium/carbon (or and with colloidal platinum) catalyzed hydrogenation, split that is obtained (-) ephedrine. Reaction formula is: effect Ephedrine is an adrenomimetic drug, can stimulate the sympathetic nerves, the efficacy is more durable than epinephrine, oral effective. It can relax bronchial smooth muscle, constrict blood vessels, and has significant central excitatory effect. It is used in the treatment of chronic bronchial asthma and hypotension.

Question 3: What does ephedrine mean? Ephedrine is an alkaloid extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine ephedra, which has the effect of suppressing cough and asthma, dilating airways and easing nasal mucosal congestion, used in the treatment of colds, coughs, asthma and other common diseases, with good efficacy. Because ephedrine is easily absorbed by the digestive tract and can be excreted within 24 hours, ephedrine and pseudoephedrine are added to many clinically used asthma, cough and cold medicines. The ephedrine-containing compound preparations are commonly used by the general public, and some of them are classified as prescription drugs and some of them are over-the-counter drugs.

Question 4: What is ephedrine Chemical Name:

(1R,2S)-2-methylamino-phenylpropan-1-ol

Molecular Formula:

C10H15NO

Molecular Weight:

165

Physical and Chemical Properties:

Commonly used as its hydrochloride salt, for the white acicular crystals or crystalline powder; non-crystalline or crystalline powder; odorless, bitter taste. Soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, insoluble in chloroform or ether. Melting point 217-220°C.

Adverse reactions:

Large amounts of long-term use can cause tremors, anxiety, insomnia, headache, palpitations, feverish feeling, sweating and other adverse reactions. When taken at night, sedative-hypnotics such as phenobarbital are often added to prevent insomnia.

Indications:

① Prevention of bronchial asthma attacks and relief of mild asthma attacks, acute severe asthma attacks are not effective. ② For subarachnoid anesthesia or epidural anesthesia-induced hypotension and chronic hypotension. ③ Treatment of nasal congestion caused by congestion and swelling of the nasal mucosa due to various reasons.

Question 5: What is the difference between ephedra and ephedrine? Ephedrine is just an alkaline substance extracted from the drug, ephedrine is not ephedra, and many drugs contain ephedrine. Ephedrine is not a drug but from the drug extracted, ephedra is a traditional Chinese medicine.

Question 6: What is ephedrine? Ephedrine generally refers to ephedrine.

Ephedrine chemical name: (1R,2S)-2-methylamino-phenylpropan-1-ol

Ephedrine, ① prevention of bronchial asthma attacks and relief of mild asthma attacks, acute severe asthma attacks are not effective. ② For subarachnoid anesthesia or epidural anesthesia-induced hypotension and chronic hypotension. ③ Treatment of nasal congestion caused by congestion and swelling of the nasal mucosa of various causes.

Contraindications: contraindicated in patients with hyperthyroidism, hypertension, arteriosclerosis, angina pectoris.

Precautions: short-term repeated use can lead to rapid tolerance phenomenon, the effect is weakened, stopping the drug a few hours can be restored.

Question 7: Some drugs contain ephedrine, what is called ephedrine, what harm to the body Ephedrine is a kind of alkaloid extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine ephedra, which has the effect of suppressing coughs and asthma, expanding the airways and easing the congestion of nasal mucous membranes, etc., and is used for the treatment of colds, coughs, asthma, and other common diseases, with a better therapeutic effect. Therefore, many clinically used asthma, cough and cold medicines now include ephedrine and pseudoephedrine. The State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) stipulates that the purchase of ephedrine-containing compound preparations must be registered with the ID card, and a maximum of 2 boxes can be purchased at a time.

But lawbreakers use ephedrine to make drugs and jeopardize society. And because ephedrine has a euphoric effect, after taking it can significantly increase the degree of excitement of athletes, the athletes themselves have great side effects, the International Olympic Committee strictly prohibit athletes to take.

Question 8: What is the shape of ephedrine Night body. It has to be several processes to get coagulation