Cosmopolitan fruit

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Different varieties: The different varieties, directly determine the shape of the apple, characteristics, color, appearance texture, etc., so in the students painting, the first thing you need to differentiate between what varieties of apples you are painting.

Yellow Marshal: yellow body, the color is very simple, black and white relationship is very clear.

Red Fuji: one of our most common apples, the "handle" is very short, generally "warp" stripes.

Flowering Cow Fruit: dark red in color, with prominent highlights, obvious structure, and a variegated appearance.

Curry fruit: smooth appearance, a little color, highlights are obvious, put light more intense.

Green Snake Fruit: rounded shape, greenish color all over, apple nest is very light, a little speckled appearance.

Different arrangements: Different arrangements, the shape of the apple in the visual changes, as well as the light and dark lines, position, light and dark relationship will change.

Tee Nest Forward: The black, white and gray relationship of the apple "nest" is clear, and the line between light and dark is close to the outline line of the apple.

Nest to left: the light side is in the apple's "nest", and the line between light and dark is almost a standard arc.

Tivo to the right: the line between light and dark in the apple is like a "3", so you can clearly see the two reflective surfaces.

Tiburon to the back: the apple is small in the front and big in the back, with a big turn in the arc of the light-dark line.

Tee nest down: the shape of the apple is small at the top and large at the bottom, so you can clearly see the changes at the top of the apple.

Different backgrounds: Different backgrounds directly determine the strength of the reflection. Secondly, the background exists to set off the apple, there will be a certain contrast between the tones, but it is not easy to be too strong, good, otherwise it will make the apple lack of space.

Light-colored lining: the reflection is stronger, the projection color is lighter, so the lining is very suitable. When painting, the background can be dealt with a little deeper.

Gray liner: the contrast between the larger, weak reflection, the projection is darker. When painting, the contrast needs to be reduced a bit, making the bright side of the apple feel spacious.

Dark lining: the contrast between is very large, the color of the reflection is weak, the projection is very deep, such a background is very detrimental to the performance of the apple.

Blue-green lining: you can clearly see the reflection color is blue-green, in the painting color is the environment color.

White plate lining: white plate surface smooth, all his light all reflected on the apple, so the reflection is very strong.

Different perspectives: Different perspectives, the volume of the space of the apple is different, students should try to find a perspective that can fully express the apple painting.

Plain view: the eye point in the middle of the apple, only see the horizontal surface, so it is difficult to draw the three-dimensional sense of the apple.

Overhead: This angle is too strong, and not suitable for drawing the three-dimensional sense of the apple.

Backlight angle: you can only see the dark side of the apple, which is also not suitable for showing the apple. But you can study the dark side well.

Shallow angle: you can only see the bright side of the apple, and it is not suitable for showing the apple.

The dark side is superfluous to the light side: you see less of the light side and more of the dark side, and the shape and position of the line between light and dark have changed, so you can try this angle.

Different light: The light is different, directly determines the relationship of the sketch of the apple, which is often referred to as the black and white relationship, students in the painting, to make the black and white relationship of the apple as much as possible to reflect the different light.

Natural light: apple black and white relationship is very weak, the projection for the outline is also very fuzzy, highlights more scattered.

Sunlight: Due to the strong light, the black-white-gray relationship and reflections are very strong, and the projection as outline is clear.

Top light: the line between light and dark is in the lower part of the apple, and the projection is all around, so the light makes it difficult to show the apple's "nest".

Light on both sides: In this case, the sketch of the apple is very weak, you can see two faint highlights, almost no projection.

Distant light: the light source is farther away and lower, the black and white relationship is overly natural, the projection is very long, and the color change is rich.

Different forms: different forms will have different perspective effects, so be sure to carefully observe, shaping techniques should be combined with observation to show the unique form of the apple.

Fresh apples: Just carefully selected and bought back apples, fresh, full and full of water.

Stale apples: put a month, the inside began to deteriorate, rough skin, moisture loss, and a few spots.

Rotten apples: apples put months, has rotted out a hole, many students have not learned the most basic sketching methods, to try to draw, which is not desirable. We should have to first solid sketching skills, do not be too eager to achieve.

Cut open the fruit: you can see the fruit gouache, and apple seeds, remember to distinguish between "skin, flesh, seeds" tone.

Peeled apple: after peeling, the structure of the apple will change, as long as you look carefully, it is not difficult to draw.

The structure of an apple and a pear

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If you want to draw an apple well, you need to give it a three-dimensional feel. The first thing you need to understand is the structure of the apple, and the direction of the structure is a major focus (the direction of the structure and the angle you see is closely related to changes in perspective). The following picture:

Want to draw a good pear, so that the pear has a sense of three-dimensionality. First of all, the partners to understand is the structure of the pear, the direction of the structure is a major focus, according to the figure below, in the drawing of the structure of the pear should pay attention to the shape of the concave and convex changes. (The direction of the structure and the angle seen and perspective changes are closely related).

The relationship between the sketch of the apple and the pear

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The three major surfaces: light side, gray side, dark side. Short for "black, white, gray" relationship.

Five tones: light side, gray side (middle tone), light and dark lines, dark side, projection.

When painting apples, the little ones are based on the object of painting. First of all, carefully observe the object's light side (light side) and backlight side (dark side), with the line of demarcation between light and dark, the side of the light side is the highlights, light side, gray side. The backlit side is the dark side, the reflection, the projection. Observe more objects, experience is slowly accumulated.

The three sides: bright side, gray side, dark side. Short for "black, white, gray" relationship.

Five tones: light side, gray side (middle tone), light and dark lines, dark side, projection.

The small partners in the painting of pears, according to the painting object. First of all, carefully observe the object's lighted side (bright side) and backlit side (dark side), with the line of demarcation between light and dark, the side of the lighted side is the highlights, bright side, gray side. The backlit side is the dark side, the reflection, the projection. Observe more objects, experience is slowly accumulated.

Tone direction of apples and pears

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The line follows the shape. Follow the shape of the apple, that is, follow the structure of the apple lineup. In this way, both out of the sketch effect, the apple will also have a sense of volume, a sense of space. The following picture:

Line with the shape. Follow the shape of the pear, that is, follow the structure of the pear line. The shape of the pear is not as round and flat as an apple, according to the picture below, when drawing pears, pay attention to the shape of the concave and convex changes. This is not only out of the sketch effect, the pear will also have a sense of volume, sense of space. The following chart:

Apple and pear painting steps

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1, bright surface with HB-2H close grip, medium stroke engraving.

2, the dark side with 4-6B, after painting with pen and paper or hand "擦"。

3, gray surface with 2B pencil, medium grip, medium stroke, can be lightly erased.

4, projection with 5B after laying, erase the virtual, heavy some.

Use a short line to summarize the entire apple form characteristics, determine the light and dark intersection line and the location of the projection.

Starting from the line of demarcation, differentiate between the light and dark sides of the apple, and unify and differentiate between the dark side and the projection of the whole picture (use 8B or more brushes to lay down the tone of the dark part).

Use a paper towel to erase the dark part of the apple and the projection, and further open up the black and white and gray relationship of the picture. (When rubbing the image with a pen or paper towel, use moderate strength; too much strength will damage the image).

Deepen the carving of the object, according to the structure of the apple form to line up, the light part of the line should be clean and delicate (suitable for pencil drawings below 3B), the dark part should be soft and airy (suitable for pencil drawings above 4B). Pay attention to the dark reflective changes of the apple, (shaping is to pay attention to the spatial relationship of the picture as well as the sense of rhythm).

Use a short line to summarize the shape of the entire pear, determine the light and dark lines and the location of the projection.

Starting from the line of demarcation, differentiate between the light and dark sides of the pear and the pear "handle", unify and differentiate between the dark side of the whole picture and the projection (use more than 8B pen to lay out the dark tones).

Use a paper towel to erase the dark part of the pear and the projection, and further open the picture of the black and white gray relationship. The shape of the pear is not as round and flat as an apple, which can be seen from the light and dark intersection line, so you need to observe the appearance of the pear's shape more often when you are drawing. (When wiping the picture with a pen and paper or paper towel, the strength is moderate, the strength is too big to damage the picture).

Deeply carved objects, according to the pear shape structure to line up, the light part of the line should be clean and delicate (suitable for 3B below the pencil drawing), the dark part should be soft and airy (suitable for 4B above the pencil drawing). Pay attention to the dark reflective changes of the pear, (shaping is to pay attention to the spatial relationship of the picture as well as the sense of rhythm).

The light and backlight of the apple

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Still, it is important to understand that light and shadow follow the form! Thus, the light and shadow is followed by the form, this is important! Thus, the light and shadow is followed by the form, this is important! The following figure: master the analysis of the content of the figure below!

Apple's light and backlight

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The sketch relationship brought by the light source is the essence of the sketch, including the light source with the rhythm of the form. This is most intuitively and commonly seen in a single apple. Apple's light and dark boundary has two places, one is the apple nest, one is the apple shape produced by the light and dark boundary (pear expression is the same principle). The following figure: master the analysis of the content of the figure below!

The spatial relationship between fruits

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The following chart: when multiple objects are at the same level, the size of the form is not divided into up and down, the small partners can be the degree of each object by the light and the object's own intrinsic color to pull open the spatial relationship between the object and the object. Note: The "primary" relationship, the center of the picture.

Apple wrong performance (structure and tone)

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The shape of the apple is much the same, students in the drawing of the apple must carefully observe the characteristics of the apple shape, the apple is not only rich in shape changes, the inner structure of the ups and downs is also very obvious, so children in the drawing of the inner structure of the children's shoes do not use the arc to indicate.

When there is no light, nothing can be seen, so there is no absolute "structural sketch". In order to reflect the art of structural sketching, you can add some tones under the premise of accurate results, which can enhance the richness of structural sketching, do not be too strong.

1, the key to the error does not understand the purpose of drawing structural sketching, it must be clear that structural sketching is to analyze the structure of the object, in order to better draw a good chiaroscuro sketching pad. Remember! The line between light and dark is not structural sketching.

2, the key to the error is not to understand the art of line, mainly in the use of line is not good at the rich language of modeling, line can be thick and thin, wide and narrow, real and virtual, thick and weak, strong and weak, square and round, light and heavy and other different changes can be made through the line of the different changes and contrasts will be able to express the space and volume of the object.

3, the error in the key in not respecting the characteristics of the shape of the apple, mainly in the shape of the apple is too generalized, resulting in the shape of the apple itself features and did not dare to all.

The little ones know that the painting can not just copy the picture, otherwise it will lose the artistry and infectiousness. Because of the appropriate exaggeration, but not in order to pursue the contrast of the change of surface and lose the spatial sense of the picture, and not in order to pursue the appearance of good-looking and ignore the inner structure of the object.

To draw the three-dimensional sense of the apple and the sense of space, in addition to the picture of the black, white and gray relationship of the clear in addition to pay attention to the handling of the edge of the line Oh, the apple is a sphere, so the most solid is the middle part.

1, the key to the error in the pursuit of a strong black and white gray relationship and ignored the apple in different environments in the subtle changes in tone. It is a typical "conceptualization" of the apple, although more "eye-catching", but the whole picture of the sketch relationship is not coordinated at all.

2, the key to the error is to ignore the apple in different environments in the subtle tonal changes. Although the concept of sketching relationship, due to the lack of careful observation of the shape of the object's light and dark lines, the strength of reflections, projections and highlights of the performance. Although the lines of this painting are very fine and nice, it still looks very "conceptualized".

3, the key to the error and does not respect the shape of the apple, and does not respect the black and white and gray relationship between the change rule of the apple. This sketch is very simple, naive, full of children's interest.

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The general rule of virtual reality: 1, near real far virtual; 2, bright real dark virtual; 3, on the real under the virtual; 4, the center of the real, surrounded by virtual.

Pay attention to the changes and transitions in the black and white gray relationship, from light to medium. Deal with these relationships, the effect will naturally come out.

Respect for the inherent color of the object from light to heavy changes, while paying attention to the "handle" of the black and white and gray relationship and the projection of light and heavy changes. It is worth noting the area of apple highlights around the projection.

Apples and pears

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When painting a combination of still life, if there are more than one apple or pear, the first thing you need to pay attention to is the relationship between the apples or pears. Note: near big far small, near real far virtual. Such as the following works: