Scientific name Dendranthema morifolium (Ramat.) Tzvel.
or Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.
English name flos chrysanthemum (Florists) Chrysanthemum)
Alias chrysanthemum, autumn chrysanthemum, day essence, nine flowers, yellow flowers, imperial maiden flowers, smiling gold, festival flowers, bow, golden stamens, chamomile.
Because of its flowers bloom in late fall and have a strong fragrance, so it has the elegant name of "late color" and "cold fragrance".
Classification Asteraceae, Chrysanthemum
Sometimes also used as a general term for all the flower varieties of the family Asteraceae. Asteraceae is the largest family of seed plants, totaling 25,000 to 30,000 species, and its flowers are also many species, second only to orchids.
There are more than 30 species in the genus Aster, and 17 species are native to China, including wild chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum, chamomile, chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum, and so on.
Language
Chrysanthemum: purity, purity, longevity, good luck, I love you, true love
Chrysanthemum (red): joyful love
Chrysanthemum (white): honest gentleman
Chrysanthemum (yellow): loss of love
Chrysanthemum (yellow): chase the thought, reliable love, please believe in me
Chrysanthemum (spring): divination for love
June chrysanthemum: Farewell
Winter chrysanthemum: Farewell
French chrysanthemum: Endurance
Melaleuca alternifolia: Happiness
Cosmos chrysanthemum: Wild beauty
Giant cosmos chrysanthemum: Maiden innocence and strength
Marigold: Friendship
Cornflower: Slender, elegant
Strawberry chrysanthemum: Everlasting memories, etched on heart
The chrysanthemum is cool and hardy, with a growing temperature of 18-21 degrees Celsius. The underground rhizome is drought-resistant, and is most resistant to waterlogging, so it prefers a high topographic position, a deep soil layer, rich in humus, loose and fertile, and well-drained soil. In slightly acidic to slightly alkaline soil can grow. Ph6.2-6.7 is the best. It is a short-day plant, and grows nutritiously under 14.5 hours of long sunlight per day, with more than 12 hours of darkness per day and a night temperature of 10 degrees Celsius, which is suitable for the development of flower buds.
Edit Morphological Characteristics
Perennial herb. The height of the plant is 20-200cm, usually 30-90cm. The stems are tender green or brown in color, and except for cliff chrysanthemums, they are mostly erect and branched, and the bases are semi-woody. The single leaf is alternate, ovoid to oblong, and the edge is notched and serrated. Heads terminal or axillary, one or several clusters. Ligulate flowers are female, tubular flowers are bisexual. The ligulate flowers are divided into four categories: lower, spatulate, and terete, and are rich in color, including red, yellow, white, ink, purple, green, orange, pink, brown, snowy green, light green, etc. The tubular flowers develop into flowers with various colors. Tubular flowers developed into a variety of colors of the "togui petals", flowers in red, yellow, white, purple, green, pink, complex, inter-color and other color systems.
The size and shape of the inflorescences are different, there are single petals, there are heavy petals; there are flat, there are spherical; there are long flocculent, there are short flocculent, there are flat flocculent and curly flocculent; there are hollow and solid; there are straight and pendulous, a wide variety of styles, varieties and complexity. According to the flowering period, there are early chrysanthemums (open in September), autumn chrysanthemums (October to November), and late chrysanthemums (December to January), but after the hard work of horticulturists to cultivate and change the sunshine conditions, there are also May chrysanthemums that bloom in May and July chrysanthemums that bloom in July. According to the size of the flower, those with a diameter of more than 10 centimeters are called large chrysanthemums, those with a diameter of 10-6 centimeters are medium chrysanthemums, and those with a diameter of less than 6 centimeters are small chrysanthemums. According to the petal type can be divided into flat petal, tube petal, spoon petal three categories of more than ten types.
Over the past thousands of years, chrysanthemums have been cultivated in our country by the laboring people, especially under the diligent cultivation of horticultural florists, and have produced large, medium and small varieties; monopetalous and compound varieties; globular and flattened varieties; and varieties such as positive-type, outwardly turned, hooked-turned, drooping belt, pine needle, dragon's claw, burr, and Togui, etc., and those that are not yet properly categorized, which counts more than 3,000 varieties. Chrysanthemum in our country not only has many varieties, but also has a variety of flower styles and patterns, which are very beautiful. Through the horticulturist's art of grafting, can also make a plant more flowers, a flower more colorful, colorful, dashing. Especially according to its growth habit and law, change its environment and conditions, so that chrysanthemums not only open in September, but also ahead of the spring and summer and all seasons of the year can be open.
Status Season buds
This product is the dried head inflorescences of the chrysanthemum Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. It is harvested in batches from September to November when the flowers are in full bloom, and then dried or roasted in the shade or smoked, steamed and then dried in the sun. According to the different origins and processing methods, the herb is divided into "Boju", "Chuju", "Gongju" and "Hangju". It is divided into "Boju", "Chuju", "Gongju" and "Hangju".
Characteristics
Boju: obconical or cylindrical, sometimes slightly compressed and fan-shaped, 1.5-3cm in diameter, discrete. Involucre saucer-shaped; involucral bracts 3-4 layers, ovate or elliptic, herbaceous, yellowish green or brownish green, outside pilose, margin membranous. Receptacle hemispherical, without hypanthium or stipular hairs. Ligules several-layered, female, peripheral, whitish, straight, uplifted, longitudinally condensed, scattered golden-yellow glandular dots; tubular flowers numerous, bisexual, central, hidden by ligules, yellow, apically 5-dentate. Achenes rudimentary, without crown hairs. Body light, texture soft, crunchy when dry. Gas fragrant, taste sweet, slightly bitter.
Chu chrysanthemum: irregularly spherical or oblate, 1.5-2.5cm in diameter. ligulate flower tip white, irregularly twisted, involute, crumpled edge, sometimes visible light brown glandular dots; tubular flowers mostly hidden.
Gonchus: oblate or irregularly spherical, 1.5~2.5cm in diameter; ligule white or off-white, obliquely ascending, reflexed at the upper part, slightly involute and crinkled at the edge, usually without glandular dots; tubular flowers are few and exposed.
Hangzhou chrysanthemum: saucer-shaped or oblate, 2.5-4.5cm in diameter, often connected into pieces. The ligulate flowers are white or yellow, spreading or slightly folded, adhering to each other, usually without glandular dots; the tubular flowers are numerous and exserted.
Editorial Applications
Chrysanthemums are one of the most important flowers for garden applications, widely used in flower beds, ground covers, potted flowers and cut flowers.
Some of them are used for medicinal purposes or as summer cooling drinks such as Chu chrysanthemum and Hangbai chrysanthemum, etc. They have the effect of cooling and calming, and are used to treat headache, vertigo, hypertension, neurological headache and conjunctivitis.
Edit Medical Value
Sexual flavor attributed to sweet, bitter, slightly cold. Attributed to the lung and liver meridians.
Functions and Indications Disperses wind and clears heat, calms the liver and brightens the eyes. Used for wind-heat cold, headache and dizziness, eye redness, swelling and pain, blurred vision.
Pharmacological effects
1. On the cardiovascular system:
Chrysanthemum decoction alcohol precipitation preparation of isolated rabbit heart has a significant dilation of the coronary artery, increase coronary flow effect. When 1g of the raw drug was injected into the constant-pressure perfusate close to the heart cannula, it could increase the coronary flow by about 62% in 2 minutes and slow down the heart rate by about 20% on average. Larger doses of the drug in the presence of a canine heart can also cause an average increase in coronary flow of about 40% and an average increase in myocardial oxygen consumption of about 27%. For electric stimulation of rabbit central nervous system caused by ischemic electrocardiogram ST-segment depression has reduced the effect, the heart rate does not change or slowed down, and isolated rabbit heart experimental results are basically consistent. It can also increase coronary flow and myocardial oxygen consumption in isolated hearts of rabbits with experimental coronary atherosclerosis. The aqueous alcoholic precipitation preparation of chrysanthemum was divided into different parts by ethyl acetate and chloroform extraction, and each part had effects on increasing coronary flow. However, the effects of each part were not as strong as those of the original preparation, indicating that chrysanthemum contains a variety of cardiac active ingredients, reflecting the synergistic effect on the heart. In the study of the phenolic composition of chrysanthemum, it is found that the phenolic part of chrysanthemum can increase the flow of coronary artery in guinea-pig isolated heart, and improve the tolerance of mice to decompression and hypoxia, in a word, chrysanthemum preparations can expand the coronary artery, so as to alleviate the ischemia state of the myocardium, although there is a role of strengthening the contractility of the heart with the increase of oxygen consumption, but it seems that it is still to expand the coronary artery to take the advantage of the role.
2. Antipathogenic microorganisms:
Chrysanthemum decoction or water immersion, in vitro test on a variety of pathogenic bacteria, as well as influenza virus PR8 and Leptospira have a certain inhibitory effect, the MIC is about 1: 10-1: 80. In vivo inhibition of mice test showed that the volatile oil obtained from the distillation of fresh whole grass (above-ground part) with water, the inhibitory effect on the bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Fusarium dysentery. The volatile oil obtained by distillation of fresh whole grass (above ground part) with water shows that it has strong inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Fuchs dysentery bacillus and so on, and weak effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and ineffective on S. pneumoniae.
3. Other effects:
Rats orally administered chrysanthemum decoction for 3 weeks, inhibited its liver microsomal hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, and can activate liver microsomal cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase. Chrysanthemum combined with hyssop, Radix Rehmanniae Praeparatae, and Rhizoma Coptidis prolonged the ageing period of silkworms, and affected the activity of glutathione peroxidase and the content of peroxidized lipids in the blood of mice. The effect of chrysanthemum powder on shortening the clotting time of rabbits by gavage, and the effect of baked charcoal powder was enhanced compared with that of raw medicine. Chrysanthemum preparation can also inhibit the local capillary permeability increase caused by intradermal injection of histamine, the effectiveness of 10mg and rutin 2.5mg equivalent.
Dosage 5-9g.
Storage in a cool, dry place, airtight storage, mold, moth.
(1) chrysanthemum wind weaker, clearing heat force is good, used for external wind-heat often with mulberry leaves, can also be used with scutellaria, gardenia treatment of fever and irritability. Chrysanthemum treats eye redness and swelling pain, no matter belongs to liver fire or wind-heat cause person, can apply, because this product can clear liver fire, but also can disperse wind-heat, often with cicadas, tribulus terrestris and so on same use. If the liver yin is insufficient, the eyes are blurred, then more with the raw land, Chinese wolfberry and so on. Chrysanthemum is very good at clearing heat and detoxifying toxins, and is a key drug in surgery, mainly used for feverish sores and ulcers, redness, swelling and hot pain, especially for boils, swelling and painful toxins, especially with good efficacy, which can be taken internally, but also can be pounded and applied externally. It can be taken internally or pounded and applied externally. Clinically, it is often used in conjunction with other heat-removing and detoxifying products such as dandelion and dandelion. Chrysanthemum can calm down the liver yang, on the liver yang hyperactivity caused by dizziness, often with mother-of-pearl, kudzu and other complementary applications.
(2) Chrysanthemum as a medicine is mainly divided into white chrysanthemum, yellow chrysanthemum and wild chrysanthemum. Yellow chrysanthemum and white chrysanthemum have the functions of evacuating wind-heat, calming the liver and clearing the eyes, and removing heat and toxins. White chrysanthemum has a sweet flavor and a slightly weaker heat-clearing power, long for calming the liver and clearing the eyes; yellow chrysanthemum has a bitter flavor and a stronger heat-discharging power, often used for evacuating wind-heat; wild chrysanthemum is very bitter in flavor and has a strong power of clearing heat and detoxifying toxins. The stems and leaves of wild chrysanthemum are similar in function to the flowers, and are effective for both internal use and external application. Mulberry leaves and chrysanthemum flowers can evacuate wind-heat and clear the lungs and liver, so the two medicines are often complementary to each other in cases of wind-heat, fever and headache, and eye redness, swelling and pain. But the mulberry leaf wind clearing effect is better, so the treatment of lung cough, often with mulberry leaves without chrysanthemum; chrysanthemum is long in the flat liver Yang, and can clear heat and detoxification.
In ancient China, chrysanthemum was also called "festival flower" and "female Hua". And because of its flowers bloom in the late fall and has a strong fragrance, so there is a "late color", "cold incense" of the elegant name. Chrysanthemum has always been regarded as a symbol of the lonely standard, elegant frost, representing the scholarly and sincere friendship.
Health value chrysanthemum not only has ornamental value, but also medicine and food, has good health effects.
● Chrysanthemum wine: made from chrysanthemums, glutinous rice and liquor, anciently known as "longevity wine", its flavor is cool and sweet, and it has the effect of nourishing the liver, brightening the eyes, strengthening the brain and slowing down the aging process.
● Chrysanthemum porridge: Chrysanthemum and round-grained rice cooked with porridge, moistened glutinous refreshing, can clear the mind, remove boredom, pleasing to the eye, go dry.
● Chrysanthemum Tea: Chrysanthemum tea, aromatic odor, can reduce summer heat, produce fluids, wind, moisten the throat, eyesight, alcohol.
● Chrysanthemum cake: Chrysanthemum mixed in rice milk, steamed into cakes, or mung bean powder and chrysanthemum cake, with the therapeutic effect of cooling and removing fire.
● chrysanthemum dishes: chrysanthemum and pork, snake meat fried or cooked with fish, chicken "chrysanthemum meat", meat in the vegetarian, complementary but not greasy, refreshing and refreshing, can be used for dizziness, wind-heat on the disturbance of the treatment of the disease.
● chrysanthemum soup: chrysanthemum and silver ear or lotus seed boiled or steamed into a soup to eat, add a little rock sugar, can remove heat, benefit the organs, treatment of dizziness and vertigo and other diseases.
● Chrysanthemum paste: fresh chrysanthemum flowers with water to decoct, filtered juice and concentrated, blended into the refining of honey, made of paste, with the effect of wind and heat, bright eyes.
● Chrysanthemum Pillow: Chrysanthemum petals are dried in the shade and put into the pillow, which is good for high blood pressure, dizziness, insomnia, and redness of the eyes.
● Chrysanthemum knee pads: Chrysanthemum, Chenmai leaves crushed into coarse powder, put into a gauze bag, made of knee pads, can dispel wind and dampness, swelling and pain, treatment of arthritis such as crane knee wind.
● Chrysanthemum aroma: wind dispersal, calming the liver, smell, colds, headaches have an auxiliary therapeutic effect.
★ WARNING:
Chrysanthemum is internationally known as one of the top ten toxic ornamental flowers, inappropriate use may cause diarrhea, vomiting and other symptoms, and chrysanthemum as a plant, its own leaves and other toxicity, direct use of its raw leaf stalks or skin contact may cause itching, swelling, sore throat and other symptoms.
Hypertensive patients according to traditional Chinese medicine identification can have a variety of types, belonging to the yin deficiency and hyperactivity type with chrysanthemum is the best. The Yin and Yang deficiency type should not be used cold chrysanthemum, it is only appropriate to use the cultivation of yang qi, nourishing the kidney yin of the medicine, the treatment of this type of patients with warm Codonopsis, Astragalus, Cortex Eucommiae, Shuidi, etc., the use of which is the return of blood pressure to normal. If chrysanthemum, glochidon, or stonecrop are used, the blood pressure will remain high. In addition, chrysanthemum should not be used in patients with phlegm-dampness or blood stasis hypertension. The abuse of chrysanthemum in the treatment of hypertension is common, and its adverse effects should be taken seriously.
Edit paragraph cultural value
Ancient and modern chrysanthemum poetry
Tang? Yuan Zhen "chrysanthemums"
Autumn silk around the house like the Tao family, all around the hedges, the sun is slanting. I love the chrysanthemums, but I don't know if I can find any more.
The first of these is the "Chrysanthemums", which was written by Tao Yuanming. Tao Yuanming's "And Guo Zhanshu":
The chrysanthemums bloomed in the forest, and the pines crowned the rock columns.
Tang Taizong's "The Remnant of the Chrysanthemum":
The orchids on the terrace are covered with summer frost, and the chrysanthemums on the bank shine in the morning light. The dew is thick, the wind is strong, and the fragrance is shallow.
The leaves of the chrysanthemums are light and green, and the flowers are young and yellow. The first time I saw it, it was a very good one, and the second time I saw it, it was a very good one.
The Tang Dynasty is a time when the world's most important cities are in the midst of a new era. Du Fu's "Nine Days in Yun'an":
The cold flowers have finished blooming, and the chrysanthemums are full of stamens. The old picks are often different, and the light aroma of wine is temporary.
Tang? Bai Juyi "Wing Chrysanthemum":
A night of new frost on the tile light, banana newly folded defeat lotus pouring. The only chrysanthemums that can withstand the cold are those in the East Fence, and the dawn is even clearer when the golden corn first blooms.
Tang?
Charming golden dress, pavilion white jade skin. The chrysanthemums are the most beautiful of all the chrysanthemums in the world.
The chrysanthemums are not only a good gift, but also a great source of inspiration for the people of China.
The first time I saw this, I was in the middle of a conversation with a man who had been in the middle of a conversation. Li Shangyin's "Chrysanthemums"
The chrysanthemums are dark and pale purple, and the yellow is melting and smelting. The color of the hedges is the color of the trees, and the scent of the house is the scent of the house.
Whenever you are not allowed to have a heavy dew, you are really afraid of the sun. The first thing you need to do is to get the best out of it.
Song? Su Shi "Zhao Chang cold chrysanthemum"
The light muscle weak bone dispersal of the ghost, but also the golden stamens panning the flow of Xia. The first thing you need to do is to find out what you need to do in order to get old, and then you can start to flower.
Song? Yang Wanli, "Wing Chrysanthemum"
The nature of the material has never been a family, who is greedy for the cold and thin tired of years? The chrysanthemums are not the only ones in the country, but they are the only ones outside of the springtime.
Song? The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on some of the most popular products and services in the world, and you'll be able to do that. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on some of the most popular products and services in the world.
The first time I saw this, I was in the middle of the night, and I was in the middle of the night.
The first time I saw this, I was in the middle of a long journey, and I was in the middle of a long journey. The first time I saw it, it was a very beautiful day, and the second time I saw it, it was a very beautiful day, and the third time I saw it was a very beautiful day.
Song?
The golden chrysanthemums have been scattered, and although they are withered, they do not change their fragrance. The first time I saw it, it was a very good one, and I was very happy to see it.
Song? Zhu Shujin's "Chrysanthemums"
The chrysanthemums can be white and red, and the late season is still able to love this work. I would rather hold the fragrance of the branches of the old, not with the yellow leaves dancing in the autumn wind.
Jin? Yuan Haoqian's "October Chrysanthemums"
The fragrance of the fall has been assigned to a tart in the past, and the late season has been passed on to the good family today. The winds of the west are not the same as those of the guests, but they have been in decline for a long time and have already retreated from the plum blossoms.
Ming? Shen Zhou "chrysanthemum"
Autumn full of hedge roots began to see the flowers, but from the cold met prosperity. The west wind doorway contains incense in, in addition to the Tao family to my home.
Ming? Tang Yin "chrysanthemums"
The three paths in the old garden spit out the clusters, and the night frost fell into the blue sky. The first thing you need to do is to get a good look at the chrysanthemums, and the second thing you need to do is to get a good look at the chrysanthemums.
Dong Biwu's "Chrysanthemum Appreciation"
The famous chrysanthemums are more than a hundred in number, and their blossoms are both beautiful and beautiful. The autumn flowers are pale outside the nursery, and the spring flowers are spinning in front of me.
Who is the creator of chrysanthemums? The first time I saw it, it was a very good thing that I was able to get it. The first thing I want to do is to invite my guests to enjoy my life and to sing for them.
Chen Yi, "Autumn Chrysanthemums"
Autumn chrysanthemums can be proud of the frost, the wind and frost are heavy evil. The nature of this performance is hardy, so what can the wind and frost do?
Yang Dongbiao "Wild Chrysanthemums"
Faded from pomp and circumstance
The breadth of the sky and the boundlessness of the earth
Rendering the joy of the clouds falling to the ground
Greeting the smile of the sun with the smile of the sun
Full of dialogues
Colliding with the strands of serene gazes
Pristine dialogues that need no words
Often it is a single flower that sets off
Whisked or swept by the wind
All the same run all over the hollows
Rain gives pure blood
Slender branches
The same spine that holds its head high
A poet knocks at the life
Shuffling through the wilderness
But the wilderness' soul is left behind
A different kind of splendor.
It is moist in a place far away from the dust and clamor
Modern (Shanghai) Zhang Zhizhen, "Wing Chrysanthemum"
Let the white dew be mercilessly frosted, and be willing to give up its body to send out the autumn coolness. Although there are no bees or butterflies, the fragrance of late autumn is everywhere.
Chrysanthemum Poetry
The chrysanthemum poems in Dream of Red Mansions can be one of the best, please enjoy the chrysanthemum poems in the Red Mansions Gallery
Remembering Chrysanthemum
I am disappointed with the west wind and hold the boring thoughts, polygonum red and white reeds are breaking my heart. There is no trace of autumn in the empty hedges and old gardens, but the thin moon and clear frost are known to me in my dreams.
The heart is far away from the returning geese, and it is not easy to listen to the anvil in the evening. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on some of the most popular products and services in the world, and you'll be able to do that.
---- ---- asengwujun
Visiting Chrysanthemums
I'd like to take advantage of the sunny weather to try a tour, and I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to stay for the rest of the day. I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to do that. The first thing you need to do is to get a good look at the flowers and the flowers in the garden.
The clogs of wax have come a long way, and the cold chanting of the song has not been exhausted. If the yellow flowers can be understood by the poet, he should not be burdened with the head of the staff. Last night, I didn't expect to live through the rain, but today I'm glad to be open with frost.
The poem "Autumn Colors" is a thousand poems, and a cup of wine is drunkenly sprinkled with cold fragrance. The spring watered mud sealed diligently protect cherish, good to know that the path of the well is absolutely no dust.
---- ---- ----
Chrysanthemums
The other beds are more expensive than gold, a little light and a bunch of deep. I'm not sure if I'm going to be able to do this, but I'm going to be able to do it, and I'm going to be able to do it.
The clouds are not as proud of the world as you are of the world, and it seems that I am the only one who knows the world! The first thing you need to do is to get a good deal of money.
---- ---- pillow Xia old friend
Chrysanthemum
Playing the piano and drinking wine is like a companion, a few cases of Ting Ting embellishment. The chrysanthemums are a great gift to the people of the world, and they are a great gift to the people of the world.
Frost clears the paper tents for new dreams, and the cold sun in the garden reminds me of my old travels. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on a new one, and you'll be able to do it with a new one, and you'll be able to do it with a new one.
---- ---- Pillow Xia old friend
Wing Chrysanthemum
The rogue poet invaded at dawn, around the hedge interjection from the deep sound. The tip of the brush is filled with color, and the corners of the mouth are filled with the fragrance of the moon.
The paper is full of self-pity, but who can explain the heart of autumn? The first time I saw this was when I was a student at the University of California at Berkeley, and the second time I saw it was when I was a student at the University of California at Berkeley.
---- ---- Xiaoxiang Concubine
Painting Chrysanthemums
The poem is a play on words, but it's not a comparison of painting and calligraphy. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on a pair of shoes or boots, and then you'll be able to get your hands on a pair of shoes or boots.
The shadow in front of the wind is light and thick, and the fragrance at the bottom of the wrist is free from autumn. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on some of the most popular products and services in the world, and you'll be able to do it on your own.
---- ---- asengwujun
ask chrysanthemum
want to ask about the feelings of the fall of the people do not know, murmuring hand knocked the east hedge: lonely and proud of the world with who hidden? The same bloom is late.
What is the loneliness of the garden, the dew and the frost? I'm not sure if I've ever been to a place where I've had a good time. The first thing you need to do is to talk about the world, and then you have to talk about it.
---- ---- Xiaoxiang Concubine
The Hairpin Chrysanthemum
The bottle is planted in the hedge, and it is busy every day. The man of Chang'an is addicted to flowers, but Mr. Pengze is crazy about wine.
The short sideburns are coldly stained by three paths of dew, and the scarf is fragrantly stained by nine autumns of frost. I am not a man of the world, but I am a man of the world, and I am a man of the world.
----Banana Guest
Shadow of the Chrysanthemum
Autumn light is overlapping and overlapping again and again, sneaking into the three paths. The window is far away from the lamp, and the broken moon in the hedgerow is exquisite.
The soul of the cold perfume should stay, and the dream of the frost mark is empty. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on a new one, and you'll be able to do it with your own eyes.
---- ---- old friends pillow Xia
Chrysanthemum dream
Hedgerow autumn sound a sleep clear, and the clouds with the moon indistinguishable. The first thing you need to do is to get to the top of the list of the most important things you can do to make your life better.
The first time I went to bed, I was with the geese, and the second time I came back, I was annoyed by the grasshopper. The first time I woke up, I had to talk to someone about it: the grass, the smoke, and the infinite love!
----- The Concubine of Xiaoxiang
Chrysanthemums
The dew and frost have become heavy, and the feast is just a little past the time of snow. The remaining fragrance of the chrysanthemums is not as strong as they used to be, and the leaves are not as bright as they used to be.
The moon is falling on the half-bed, the grasshopper is sick, and the geese are late in the cold clouds. The next year, the winds of autumn will know that they will meet, but for the time being, they will not be able to part with each other!
---- ---- Banana Guest
Chrysanthemums are one of the ten most famous flowers in China, and can be found almost everywhere in the country. Chrysanthemum varieties are colorful, but also with a touch of light and pleasant fragrance, and extraordinary utility, is a medicine and food of common flowers, our country since ancient times, there are chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum eating habits, has been extended for thousands of years. Chrysanthemum feast has become a unique and healthy diet! Chrysanthemum is a perennial herb with stalked, ovate leaves, serrated edges, and flowers in the fall. Native to China, it has been cultivated for a long time, and there are many varieties at present. The white chrysanthemum can be used as a drink, which is the "chrysanthemum tea" that we often drink in our life. Sometimes also in the white chrysanthemum flowers add some tea, play the role of flavoring.
Origin and types of chrysanthemum tea
The chrysanthemum produced in Tongxiang, Zhejiang Province, and the chrysanthemum at the foot of Huangshan Mountain (Huizhou Gongju) are relatively famous. Boju chrysanthemum produced in Bozhou, Anhui Province, Chuju chrysanthemum produced in Chuzhou, Chuanju chrysanthemum produced in Zhongjiang, Sichuan Province, Deju chrysanthemum produced in Deqing, Zhejiang Province, and Huaijuhua chrysanthemum produced in Jiyuan, Henan Province (one of the four major Huaiyao medicines) are all of high medicinal efficacy. Especially the Huangshan chrysanthemum, which grows in the high mountain clouds and mist, picking the aura of Huangshan Mountain and drawing the essence of the landscape in southern Anhui, its non-polluting nature has a higher drinking value for modern people. There are many kinds of chrysanthemums, and those who don't know how to do it will choose the ones with white and big flowers. In fact, small and ugly chrysanthemums with yellowish color are the best choice.
Functions
Chrysanthemum is a perennial herbaceous plant in the family of Asteraceae, and is one of the traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, which is mainly used in the capitulum for medicinal purposes. According to ancient records, chrysanthemum is sweet and bitter in taste, slightly cold in nature; it has the functions of dispersing wind and clearing heat, clearing the liver and eyesight, and detoxifying and anti-inflammatory. It is effective in treating dry mouth, fire, astigmatism, or pain and numbness in the limbs caused by wind, cold and dampness. Mainly used in treating cold, wind and heat, headache. Vertigo, headache, tinnitus has a preventive effect.
Chrysanthemum has wild chrysanthemum and family chrysanthemum, in which the family chrysanthemum to clear the liver and eyesight, wild chrysanthemum to remove the poison and fire, sweet and bitter cold, clearing away heat and detoxification, eye strain, headache, high blood pressure and so on have a certain effect. The efficacy of chrysanthemum tea is also recorded in detail in the Compendium of Materia Medica: it is sweet and slightly cold in nature, dispersing wind-heat, calming the liver and brightening the eyes. The Divine Husbandman's Classic of the Materia Medica believes that white chrysanthemum tea can be "the main wind dizziness, swelling and pain, the eye wants to get rid of, the skin dead muscle, the evil wind and dampness paralysis, long time to serve the gas, light body endurance and prolonged life."
Modern medical research has also confirmed that chrysanthemum has the effect of lowering blood pressure, eliminating cancer cells, expanding coronary arteries and antibacterial effect, long-term drinking can increase the body's calcium, regulate myocardial function, reduce cholesterol, suitable for middle-aged and elderly people and the prevention of epidemic conjunctivitis when drinking. It is suitable for middle-aged and old people and the prevention of epidemic conjunctivitis. It also has good curative effect on the dryness of both eyes caused by liver fire and overuse of eyes. At the same time, chrysanthemum tea has a strong aroma, refreshing, also has a certain relaxation of the nerves, soothing headache effect.
Traditional Chinese medicine is used to treat eye redness, sore throat, tinnitus, wind-heat colds, headaches, high blood pressure, sores and poisons, etc. If consumed over a long period of time, chrysanthemum tea can also be used as an antiseptic. If consumed over a long period of time, it also has the effect of "promoting blood circulation, lightening the body and prolonging life".
Modern clinical medicine has also proved that chrysanthemum can expand coronary arteries, increase blood flow, reduce blood pressure, coronary heart disease, hypertension, arteriosclerosis, high serum cholesterol have a very good effect.
The computer family should always drink chrysanthemum tea
Chrysanthemum on the treatment of eye fatigue, blurred vision has a very good therapeutic effect
A lot of people like to drink chrysanthemum tea, especially commonly used in the computer office workers, chrysanthemum tea is indeed beneficial to the maintenance of eyes.
Drinking too much water before going to bed, the next morning to get up eyes will be swollen like a panda, folk have a method: with cotton dipped in chrysanthemum tea tea, coated in the eyes around the eyes, and will soon be able to eliminate this phenomenon of swelling. In addition, you can usually make a cup of chrysanthemum tea to drink, can make the symptoms of eye fatigue subside, if you drink three to four cups of chrysanthemum tea every day, to restore eyesight is also helpful.
Nutritional value
Physical and chemical analysis shows that chrysanthemum contains volatile oil, chrysanthemum glycosides, adenine, amino acids, choline, choline, cork alkaloids, flavonoids, chrysanthemum pigment, vitamins, trace elements and other substances, can be antipathogens, and enhance the resistance of the capillaries; which flavonoids have been proved to be strong on the scavenging of free radicals, but also in the antioxidant, anti-aging, and so on. The flavonoids have been proved to have a strong scavenging effect on free radicals and are effective in anti-oxidation and anti-aging. From a nutritional point of view, the essence of plants lies in flowers and fruits. Chrysanthemum petals contain 17 amino acids, including high levels of glutamic acid, aspartic acid and proline. In addition, it is rich in vitamins and trace elements such as iron, zinc, copper, selenium, etc., and thus has a role that is incomparable to that of fruits and vegetables in general.
Drinking Methods
There are many ways to drink chrysanthemum tea.
The fragrant chrysanthemum is suitable for tea, and the white chrysanthemum produced in Suzhou and Hangzhou is the best choice. When drinking chrysanthemum tea, it is best to use a transparent glass cup, put four or five grains each time, and then use boiling water to brew for 2-3 minutes. When the water is seventy to eighty percent hot, you can see that the tea gradually becomes slightly yellow. Each time you drink, do not drink all at once, to leave one-third of the cup of tea, plus the new tea, steeped for a few moments, and then drink again.
Drinking chrysanthemum tea can be put into a few icing sugar in the teacup, so that the taste is more sweet. Chrysanthemum tea does not add other tea, only after the dry chrysanthemum water or boil to drink can be, winter hot, summer iced drink is a very good drink.
Chrysanthemum is also suitable for drinking with many kinds of flowers and teas, which are more effective, such as the following kinds of chrysanthemum tea.
1 Chrysanthemum Hawthorn Tea: Take 10 grams of chrysanthemum, add hawthorn, honeysuckle 10 grams each, drink tea, can dissolve silt and eliminate fat, cool blood pressure, weight loss and lightweight, suitable for obesity, hyperlipidemia and hypertension patients.
2 Three flowers tea: chrysanthemum, honeysuckle, jasmine are a little, soak for tea, can clear heat and detoxification, suitable for the prevention and treatment of wind-heat colds, sore throat, carbuncle sores, etc., often serve to lower the fire, there is a tranquilizing effect.
3 chrysanthemum honey drink: 50 grams of chrysanthemum, add 20 milliliters of water, slightly boiled and held for 30 minutes, filtered and added the appropriate amount of honey, stirred after drinking. It has the effect of nourishing the liver and brightening the eyes, generating fluids and quenching thirst, clearing the heart and brain, and moisturizing the intestines. Chrysanthemum tea made from white chrysanthemum tea and fine oolong tea is a must for office workers who are exposed to electronic pollution every day. Because this tea has a de-toxicizing effect on the body's accumulation of harmful chemical and radioactive substances, have resistance, exclusion of the therapeutic effect.
4 Take 10 grams of chrysanthemum, tea 3 grams, and brewed together, can prevent and control early hypertension.
5 take 10 grams of chrysanthemum, mulberry leaves, loquat leaves 5 grams each, research into coarse powder, with boiling water to brew tea to drink, can prevent the autumn bath, suitable for autumn dryness caused by lung fever, dry throat and lips, coughing and other diseases after eating. This formula also has the role of preventing influenza, meningitis, meningitis B, mumps, chicken pox and so on.
6 chrysanthemum, its flavor is not bitter, especially in Suzhou and Hangzhou around the birth of the large white chrysanthemum or small white chrysanthemum is the best, each time with about 3 grams of tea to drink, 3 times a day.
Chrysanthemum can also be used to add honeysuckle, licorice decoction with tea to drink, have a calm liver and eyesight, the effect of heat detoxification
7 daily after meals, with five or six flowers of Hangzhou chrysanthemum brewing drink, can quench the thirst of fluids.
8 Take 15 grams of wild chrysanthemum (doubled fresh), boiling water for 10 minutes, into the rock sugar 20 grams can be dissolved. Daily 2 doses, drink tea, rushed to tasteless. Clearing heat and removing toxins, cooling blood and improving eyesight. Used for the prevention and treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer.
9 Eight Treasures Chrysanthemum Tea: 10 grams of honeysuckle, 5 grams of Chenpi, a fat sea, a little rock sugar, a little Yamcha, 5 grams of organic green tea, two red dates, soak in boiling water to 5 minutes can be eaten, if the idle trouble can be bought in the neighborhood hypermarkets have been packaged to save time.
Modern science has been able to extract the active ingredients in chrysanthemum, made chrysanthemum crystal, chrysanthemum cola and other drinks, so that people who love to drink quickly and time-saving more convenient. Chrysanthemum tea is a popular tea for young and old alike. Healthy people can also drink it as boiled water.
In China, many places have the custom of eating chrysanthemum. Chrysanthemum odor fragrant, soft and refreshing, is a good into the dishes. There are a lot of ways to eat, fresh food, dry food, raw food, cooked food, stewing, steaming, cooking, frying, burning, mixing are suitable, but also can be shredded into the filling, chrysanthemum cakes and chrysanthemum dumplings have their own interesting places. Chrysanthemums are mostly used in food, especially white chrysanthemums, Hang Bai Ju, Huangshan Gong Ju, Fushan Bai Ju, etc. are all the best.
Wild Chrysanthemum
It is the dry head of Chrysanthemum indicum, family Asteraceae.
Perennial herb, stems erect or basally spreading. Stem leaves are ovate or momentarily ovate, pinnately parted, with serrate stipules at the base. Heads 1.5-2.5 cm in diam., arranged in corymbose panicles or irregular corymbose inflorescences at branch tips, ligulate flowers one layer, male, yellow, tubular flowers without scales at base. Achenes with 5 very fine but obvious longitudinal ribs, without crown hairs.
It is distributed throughout the country. Wild,
Picked in the fall when the flowers are in full bloom, dried in the sun or steamed and dried.
Drinking tablets into a spherical shape, about 1cm in diameter. gas fragrance, bitter taste. The best is complete, yellow color and strong aroma.
Containing volatile oil, the oil contains chrysol, chrysantone, dl-camphor, β-3-allene, hinokiene. In addition, there are wild chrysanthemum flower inner fat. Recently, it has been reported that the flowers contain flavonoid glycosides, acuminatin-7-O-β-D-galactopyranoside.
Cold, bitter flavor. Clearing heat and detoxification, calming the liver.
Huai Chrysanthemum
Produced in Huaiqing, Henan Province, Henan Dao local herbs. It is one of the four major medicines of Huaihua (Huai Chrysanthemum, Huai yam, Huai hyssop, Huai dihuang).