Sprouts are divided into two categories: seed sprouts and body sprouts. Seed sprouts are cultivated using seeds, formed under shaded conditions are yellowing type, such as China's traditional soybean sprouts, mung bean sprouts. Formed under light conditions is the green type, such as pea seedlings, radish seedlings, wheat seedlings, toon seedlings and so on. Body buds are cultivated by utilizing the nutrients accumulated in the persistent roots, fleshy taproots, rhizomes or branches of plants, such as chrysanthemum chicory buds and balls cultivated from fleshy taproots, chrysanthemum brains and marjoram heads cultivated from persistent roots, asparagus, bamboo shoots, ginger buds and cattail cultivated from underground rhizomes, and toon buds, wolfberry heads, pepper buds and pea tips cultivated from plant stems and branches. Body buds are similarly divided into yellowing buds and green body buds.
A family of sprouts production can be carried out in the empty room, courtyard trellis, closed balcony, solarium and other places. The production process does not require the application of pesticides and has no residual toxicity. Sprouts sprout and grow without fertilizer, there will be no fertilizer residue. Compared with other vegetables, sprouts are easier to meet green food standards. The production cycle of Brussels sprouts is relatively short, as little as 5 days to 7 days, or more than 20 days. As long as the temperature in the production place is suitable, can be year-round without questioning the production, if the three-dimensional cultivation can also make full use of space, maximize production efficiency, economic benefits are very considerable, can be more than double the general vegetables.
Previously on the seed bud production technology
First, the main appliances
1, the cultivation frame is generally welded with angle iron, 155 cm to 160 cm long, 40 cm wide, 40 cm layer spacing, the bottom layer from the ground 20 cm, the number of layers according to the production of space, usually divided into 4 layers of a 6 layer. Simple cultivation frame can be made of bamboo and wood.
2, poor material seedling tray 60 centimeters long, 25 centimeters wide, 4 centimeters high, the bottom has a mesh.
3, Styrofoam box 50 centimeters long, 40 centimeters wide, about 30 centimeters high, plate thickness of about 2 centimeters. The bottom of the box with an eyelet for water leakage.
4, brick troughs built with bricks, the bottom is required to be flat, 90 centimeters or 120 centimeters wide, the length of the production site according to the north-south span, with side-standing bricks will be separated from the troughs into 60 centimeters x 25 centimeters of the small grid.
5, other utensils such as sprayers and spray cans for water spraying, pots, buckets and strainers for soaking and washing seeds.
Second, selecting and soaking seeds
For the production of sprouts seed requirements can grow strong seedlings, and nutritious, good taste. At the same time, due to the seed buds with a large amount of seed, so the selected seed supply is stable, sufficient, cheap. Seed germination rate should be more than 95%, purity and high purity, seed full, uniform size, no moth or mildew phenomenon, the seed before using the removal of not full, immature, particles of special small, as well as moth, broken, deformed, mildewed seeds and remove a variety of impurities to ensure that the sprouts are healthy, neat.
Most seed sprouts seeds need to be soaked. The method is to use 20 ℃ a 30 ℃ water to wash the seeds 2 times to 3 times, and then soak the seeds, the amount of water for the seed volume of 2 times to 3 times. Seed soaking time varies according to species, generally peas 20 hours to 24 hours, 12 hours of toon, 12 hours to 16 hours of wheat, black beans 18 hours to 20 hours, soaking time is generally a little longer in winter, a little shorter in summer. Soak the seeds after washing 2 times a 3 times to wash off the mucus on the surface of the seed coat, and will float in the water to remove the seeds. The seeds are fished out and drained of floating water to be sown. Radish, alfalfa and other easy to absorb water and wet seed is not good to withdraw species can be sown dry seed.
Third, sowing and germination
Sowing and germination is one of the key technical aspects of sprouts production. The seeding and sprouting is divided into two methods: one section and two sections.
1, a section of seeding and germination of this method is used for peas, buckwheat, radish and other sprouts germination faster. Before sowing in the seedling tray padded with a layer of moist newspaper or straw paper, the seeds evenly spread in the tray. Sowed every 5 plates ~ 6 plates stacked on top of each other, above a moisturized empty plate, stacks and stacks to maintain 3 cm ~ 5 cm spacing between them, in order to facilitate ventilation and air permeability. Spray 1 time a 2 times a day, while switching the stacks in the seedling tray up and down before and after the position, so that the conditions of the task tray as consistent as possible. Spraying water with large seeds with a spray can, small seeds with a sprayer, spraying water to the degree that the disk does not store water.
2, two-stage sowing and germination this method is suitable for parsnip, adzuki beans and other seeds germination slow or stacked plate germination during the sprouts prone to mold disease. Seeds soaked in centralized germination, to be the vast majority of the seed whitening up to 2 mm in time to transfer to the second section of the germination. A section of the germination of many seeds per plate. Not stacked plate, and to rinse 1 times a day 2 times, in order to facilitate the rinsing, the bottom of the plate pad white cotton cloth is better. Dew since if too late, easy to damage the embryonic root when sowing, spreading the seeds before rinsing in the net.
Fourth, out of the disk and out of the disk management
1, out of the disk that is stacked on the plate germination of the seedling plate on the shelf open. Generally when the sprouts upright can be out of the disk. Reach the plate standard sprouts should be timely out of the plate, if the stacked plate germination time is too long, may I will be due to high humidity or high temperature and lead to rot, and cause the growth, the formation of thin elongated sprouts. Too early out of the disk will increase the difficulty of management, sprout growth is difficult to achieve neat and consistent.
2, light management in general from the disk to the product formation, sprouts on the light requirements gradually increased. Therefore, the order of the yard plate is with the growth of buds gradually to the upper move. Because of the differences in the different types of sprouts on the light requirements, the need for strong light sprouts such as buckwheat seedlings, radish seedlings should be arranged in the strong light area, pea seedlings, red bean seedlings on the light adaptability of the wider, can be arranged in the middle of the light area or low-light area, peanut buds in the growth of the conditions of complete shade.
3, temperature and ventilation management usually control the ambient temperature in the range of 18 ℃ 25 ℃. Daylight greenhouse temperature regulation is mainly through the uncovering of straw thatch, cover the shade net, open and close vents and other measures to complete; other places of temperature regulation can be completed by opening and closing doors and windows. The right amount of ventilation at the right time can regulate the indoor temperature, but also help to keep the indoor air fresh.
4, spray and air temperature management sprout cultivation need to take small water spray measures to water. Spray water 2 times a day ~ 4 times, the number of times depending on the season and weather conditions, the amount of water sprayed to the extent that the disk is not a large amount of water. When the air is dry, spray water in the field to increase air humidity.
5, pest control in the bud in the production process, in order to prevent the occurrence of disease, the following preventive measures should be taken: ① thoroughly clean the seedling tray, cleaning and exposure to re-use of substrates, seeds through the warm scalding immersion and other methods of disinfection; ② to avoid excessive high or low ambient temperatures; ⑨ to avoid waterlogging of the seedling tray; ④ do not excessively prolonged stacking tray germination time; ⑤ if found to have rotted, destroyed in a timely manner, in order to prevent the spread of the disease.
V.
V. Harvesting and marketing
The harvesting standard of sprouts varies according to the type, and the length of sprouts suitable for harvesting: pea seedlings 10 cm to 15 cm, toon seedlings 7 cm to 10 cm, radish seedlings 6 cm to 10 cm, buckwheat seedlings lO cm to 12 cm, alfalfa sprouts 3 cm to 5 cm, and adzuki bean seedlings 15 cm to 18 cm. There are two ways to market: one is the whole plate on the market, cut and sold; the other is cut and freshly packaged and shipped to the supermarket.
Pea seedlings, adzuki bean seedlings and other sprouts after harvest, the residue of the bean grains and roots contain hit a large number of nutrients, can be used for cattle, sheep and fish feed, can also be dried to do processed feed, but also composted high-quality organic fertilizers, residues of the effective use of the producer can increase the external income.
Six, simple production process
1, Styrofoam box cultivation is mainly used for black bean seedling production. The bottom of the box pad layer of wet newspaper or straw paper, will be soaked beans evenly spread on the top of the put on the cover, with a brick or stone pressure, often spray water and ensure that water does not accumulate. Seedlings height 15 centimeters to remove the cover, see the light growth. Seedling height 18 cm ~ 20 cm when harvested, can be transported in the whole box.
2, brick trough cultivation can be used for pea seedlings, buckwheat seedlings, radish seedlings. The bottom of each small cell is covered with a layer of wet newspaper or straw paper. Germination during the slot on the film to moisturize, sprouts reach the plate standard when the plastic film is removed, other management methods and seedling tray cultivation is basically the same. When harvested, the roots are rolled up or cut off at the root.
The next part of the body bud production technology
Although the body buds are cultivated by the plant nutrient organs, but a variety of body buds of the plant morphology and characteristics of the great difference, the use of nutrient organs are also different. Body buds in many is the use of woody plant stems and branches storage nutrient culture, such as parsnip buds, pepper buds, bamboo shoots, goji berry head, etc.; There are also many is the use of herbaceous plant rhizomes storage nutrient cultivation, such as chicory buds ball, leeks, softened celery, ginger buds, pea tips, etc.. Various body buds production technology is different, but there are certain laws. The nutrient body cultivation and body bud culture technology of woody body buds are similar, and the nutrient body cultivation and body bud culture technology of herbaceous body buds are also similar. The following is an example of the woody type of toon to tell the body bud production technology.
(a) Overview
Toon seed germination suitable temperature of 20 ℃ 25 ℃, seedling growth temperature during the day 15 ℃ 25 ℃. Night 10 ℃ a 15 ℃, but the toon tree temperature adaptability is wider, in the range of 8 ℃ a 30 ℃ can grow. Toon likes light, does not tolerate shade, requires sufficient light. Toon is not strict on soil requirements, but organic matter-rich sandy loam soil growth is better. Toon likes moist soil, has a certain degree of drought resistance, but afraid of flooding. Toon in late October when the temperature drops to below 10 ℃, enter dormancy, the general dormancy period of about 4 months, in the solar greenhouse can be shortened to 15 days a 30 days.
Toon can be divided into two major types of material and vegetable. Vegetable toon in the local long-term cultivation and domestication process has formed different types and local varieties. For example, in Henan, Hebei, Shaanxi and other places there are red toon and green toon points.
(B) seedling and open field planting 1, variety selection toon is a perennial plant, as a body bud, a sowing, years of use. Therefore, it is very important to choose good varieties before sowing. In general, the first buds are green toon varieties of poor quality, should not be used for greenhouse hoarding. You should choose varieties with red initial buds, such as black oil toon and red oil toon.
① Black oil toon tree crown open, vigorous growth. The leaves are purplish-red at the beginning of the layer, glossy and oily, and then gradually become dark green from the bottom up, with dark purple tips. The young leaves are wrinkled and fat, and the tsubaki buds are stout and fat, with a strong aroma, sweet and delicious, and of high quality.
② red oil toon tree crown compact, vigorous growth. The leaves are purple at the beginning of the show, shiny and oily, quite colorful. Tsubaki shoots and axis brown-red, tender mouth ten wrinkles, fat. Tsubaki shoots and leaf rachis brownish red, young leaves have wrinkles. Fatty. Tsubaki buds are stout, fat and tender, with stronger fragrance and slightly bitter. The harvesting period is a little later than the black oil toon, and it is also a greenhouse hoarding cultivar with superior quality.
2, cultivate strong seedlings ① prepare seedbed toon seedling can be in the greenhouse can also be in the open ground. Eyesight greenhouse can be sown earlier than the open ground, so that seedlings have a longer growth period, is conducive to the cultivation of strong seedlings. The general mu seed amount of 4 kg, and need the same area of H light greenhouse for seedbed. Before sowing, deep soil turning, applying sufficient fertilizer, make 1 meter wide flat bed, watering the bottom water. Open ground seedbed open furrow strip sowing, soil turning will be rotting organic fertilizer in the seeding ditch, 3000 kg per mu, ditch spacing 20 cm a 30 cm, ditch width 10 cm to 15 cm, about 15 cm deep. Before sowing, pour enough water.
② Seed soaking, germination and sowing Seeds by removing the wings with 30. C ~ 40 ° C warm water for 14 hours, and then washed, wrapped in disinfected gauze, germination in 20 ° C a 25 ° C environment, turning and cleaning the seeds every day. Germination for about 4 days, 20% of the seeds can be sown when they are exposed from. Seeds will be cleaned before sowing, greenhouse sowing in mid-March, according to the 5 cm × 5 cm seed spacing sowing, after sowing covered with 1 cm of fine moist soil. Open field sowing in early April. According to the 10 cm seed spacing strip sowing, after sowing covered with 2 cm thick fine soil, and then buckle the film. early April seedlings arching the soil when breaking the film ventilation.
③ Seedling management temperature after sowing to seedling, the temperature days to maintain 25 ℃ a 30 ℃, 15 ℃ at night, the ground temperature to maintain 20 ℃ or so. After the emergence of seedlings to the fixed sandalwood before, should be gradually cooled to prevent the seedlings from growing in vain, 22 ℃ during the day a 25 ℃, 12 ℃ at night a 12 ℃.
Before planting seedlings refining day 20 ℃, 8 ℃ at night. Seedlings sown in the open ground gradually expand the opening of the film to prevent high temperature baking seedlings. By having toon seeds arching soil ability is poor, therefore, the seedbed should be frequently kept moist. Seedling height 5 cm - 7 cm when watering once, followed by plowing and weeding. Seedling height of l0 reasonably meters when watering again, open ground seedling in spreading film after watering once. When the seed buds arching soil, timely tracing 9. 2 cm thick fine soil plugging the birth of the seam, in order to prevent injury to the young roots, seedlings out of the flush and then tracing O. 3 cm thick fine moist soil. When the seedlings grow to 2 pieces of a 3 true leaves in a timely manner between seedlings, greenhouse seedbed to ensure 8 cm × 5 cm spacing, open ground seedbed to ensure 20 cm spacing.
3, planting and open field management of greenhouse nursery seedlings, when it grows to 4 pieces of 5 pieces of real time to the open field. Planting density of 20 cm x 30 cm. Hoarding planting greenhouse area and open-air planting area ratio of 1: 6 1: 7. Before planting the rotting organic fertilizer in the hole, choose a windless sunny day planting, in order to facilitate the slow thrive. After planting and then watering a request. Open-ground seedlings do not have to transplant, but pay attention to water, fertilizer supply and plowing, weeding.
The southern leopard spring and summer rain, the north after mid-June also into the rainy season, should be repaired in advance of the drainage ditch, and gradually in the roots of the tree cultivated mounds of soil, to prevent inter-root waterlogging. late June to mid-August fertilizer to promote the growth of saplings. General fertilizer ammonium sulfate and other nitrogen fertilizers, 15 kg -20 kg per mu, from late August to stop chasing nitrogen fertilizers, legacy of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, foliar spraying of potassium phosphate can control the height of seedlings. Formation of full top buds, the end of June to mid-July when the plant grows to 50 cm -70 cm high, spraying doxorubicin to inhibit nutrient growth and promote nutrient accumulation. The method is to spray the top heart of the sapling with 15% doxazol 200x-300x. Spray the top heart of the sapling with 200x-300x of 15% chopped chopped meat. Spray once every 10-15 days for two or three times.
(C) greenhouse hoarding planting
1, greenhouse and seedling preparation before hoarding planting greenhouse with Chlorothalonil (800 times) or sulfur powder disinfection (2 kg. 3 kg. per mu). 5000 kg of rotted organic fertilizer per mu. Ternary compound fertilizer 50 kg; deep turning Shi 30 cm or more, do 1 m wide flat bed. Saplings in late October before the first frost out, before starting a watering. Seedlings up to retain 20 cm a 30 cm deep in the ditch, root mulch and watering, to avoid freezing or wind drying, after 15 days of natural low temperature can complete the dormant period.
2, hoarding in early November when the local average temperature dropped to 5 ℃ 8 ℃ will be planted in the greenhouse saplings hoarding, hoarding and planting time should not be too late, when the outside air temperature is lower than 8 ℃, planted saplings every 10 centimeters to plant a 10 cm 15 cm for a line, 1 acre of greenhouse hoarding about 60,000 trees. Perennial saplings larger appropriate planting thin point, 40,000 50,000 per mu.
3, management ① water and fertilizer ① watering after hoarding planting a thorough watering, and later to pick buds before the basic not watering fertilizer, began to pick buds after watering, and according to each mu of ammonium sulfur phosphorus 10 kg or urea 15 kg, and then watering and fertilizer every 15 days a 20 days.
② temperature and humidity 15 days after planting hoarding a 20 days to raise the temperature, 25% to 30'E during the day, 15 ℃ at night, the relative humidity of the air to maintain more than 85%, and minimize the release of the wind, in order to facilitate the slowing down of seedlings. Appropriately reduce the temperature and humidity after bud sprouting to ensure that the buds thrive, the temperature is controlled at 20 ℃ - 25 ℃ during the day, 15 ℃ 10 cc at night, the relative humidity of the air down to about 70%, and appropriate wind release. After each harvesting of the buds to raise the temperature appropriately, to promote the lower leaf buds sprouting and growth, close to harvesting and then reduce the temperature appropriately, to promote the buds to thrive. Through the control of temperature and humidity can also be adjusted to Tsubaki buds on the market time, in order to obtain the highest economic benefits.
③ light in the winter season greenhouse light is weak, affecting the coloring of toon buds, which reduces the quality, the following measures can be taken to enhance the light in the greenhouse: one is to clean the shed film to improve light transmission; the second is to hang aluminum-plated polyester film reflective curtains on the back wall or the south side of the aisle. Spring when the light is too strong will also affect the quality of the buds, you can add shade net on the greenhouse, appropriate shading.
4, harvesting when the top buds grow to 15 centimeters long can be harvested, harvesting will be the whole buds broken off. Later, when the buds grow to 15 centimeters a 20 centimeters and then harvested, each bud base to stay 2 pieces. 3 leaves, to supplement the tree. The harvested tsubaki buds are bundled or freshly packaged for market.
(D) flat stubble to the next year, the end of April, most of the tree body internal storage nutrients have been consumed, the tree's growth is weaker, if you continue to pick buds, not only low yield, but also the quality of the decline in the price is also low, this time it should be flat stubble, i.e., from the ground 10 centimeters from the cut-off, and then the stubble transplanted to the open ground to raise trees. The rows of plant spacing of 30 cm × 30 cm, about 700 plants per mu. Raise the planting place to apply sufficient base fertilizer, planting after the strengthening of fertilizer management. When the base stubble on the growth of two or three buds to choose to stay a strong bud, the rest of the knocked out, other management methods are the same. The other two are the same.
Green bean sprouts in the production of a few problems
1, appeared "hat" how to do?
Green bean sprouts production, sometimes the seed coat does not fall off, clamped cotyledons, seriously affecting photosynthesis and nutrient transport, resulting in weak seedlings, a phenomenon known as the "hat" or "top shell". Caused by bean sprouts "hat" reason, one is the seed vitality is weak (such as seed maturity is not enough, storage time is too long or by pests and diseases and other hazards), sprouting seed skin powerless to fall off; - is the use of foam box production, due to the lack of sand, coupled with the surface is too dry, resulting in the uneven absorption of water, the seed coat is difficult to fall off. The main measures to prevent the "cap" is: choose full and undamaged seeds, soaking beans, let it absorb enough water, found "cap", timely spray many times, promote seed coat softening, shedding, if necessary, can be artificially assisted shelling.
2, bean sprouts height is not neat how to do?
The seed beans should be the same size. Often inverted foam box up and down the front and back left and right position, timely stacking disk. The seedling tray should be placed horizontally, and the spraying should be carefully and evenly. If necessary, the shorter sprouts can be shaded to promote their growth.
3, beans yellow how to do?
The problem of yellowing beanstalks, first consider whether the light is too weak. If the light is too weak, you can enhance the light. If this is not the reason, that is, malnutrition, can be added to the beans or thick agent, can also spray l mg / kg of water potassium phosphate,
4, the appearance of futile seedlings how to do?
Tapering seedlings commonly known as "tall seedlings", buds and stems slender, cotyledons and small, thin, light green beans or even brown, with black spots. The main reason is: high temperature, insufficient light. Preventive measures are mainly to enhance the light and reduce the temperature, especially after sprouting.
Pea seedlings foam box cultivation technology
1, seedling. With Taiwan No. 3 peas, gray peas with thick stems and leaves, fresh and tender is ideal. 2, the production cycle. Greenhouse can be produced throughout the year. General 7 to 8 days for a week bin.
3, foam box specifications. All kinds of foam boxes can be used. General length 60em, width 40em, height 25em, thickness of about 2.5cm, before using the bottom of the box should be pricked more than 50 holes, and should be evenly distributed, the inner pavement 2cm thick fine sand, watering. 4, soaking and sowing. Selected pea seeds, soaked in clean water for 24 hours, change the water once halfway. Before tracing the seeds in the bottom of the box to lay a layer of clean absorbent newspaper, and then soaked seeds evenly sprinkled in the box on the fine sand, and then covered with fine sand, watering can be. 5, temperature and humidity control and
Management. Seedlings before the daytime temperature control at 22 ℃ ~ 25 ℃. Night 12 ℃ a 15 ℃, humidity maintained at 80% a 90%, spraying water once a day. Seedling spraying 2 ~ 3 times a day, the cultivation site should be appropriate shade, to avoid strong light exposure, to prevent excessive bacteria fiber and affect the quality of bean sprouts. 6, harvesting market, when the seedling height of 12. 15 cm. With 4 leaves should be harvested, the product can be a whole box of live market.
New vegetable - buckwheat sprouts
Raise wheat is Polygonaceae, annual or perennial rooted plants, suitable for planting in cold climates and poor soil.
Raised wheat, as well as raised wheat cultivated by the raised wheat malt, rich in a variety of amino acids, inorganic salts and vitamins Bl, B2, etc., especially its unique composition of rutin, which has the effect of softening blood vessels, lowering blood lipids and cholesterol, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes and other good prevention and treatment effects. As a new type of vegetable, raising malt and other recent years on the market is very popular.
The appropriate temperature for the growth of malt is 20 ~ 25 ℃, cultivation site with shade net greenhouse or greenhouse is good. Prepare a flat-bottomed plastic disk with holes for germination disk. The specifications of the disk is generally 60 centimeters long, 15 centimeters wide and 5 centimeters high. Greenhouse or greenhouse installation of vertical multi-layer germination frame, can be cultivated according to the following steps.
1, soak the seed selection of the year's sweet raising seeds, de-hybridized sieve and put in the water soaked for 24 hours. In the meantime, use water to wash 1 to 2 times, and pay attention to skimming the impurities floating on the surface of the water.
2, seeding germination tray bottom lay ~ layer of newspaper. Soaked seeds out of the water after a little draining, flat in the disk. The amount of seeds sown per disk is about 25 grams. Will be sown seed germination tray arranged in the germination rack.
3, moisturize the seeds to keep moist is the key to buckwheat bud cultivation. Usually use the spray method of moisturizing. Generally spray 2-3 times a day, and inverted on the plate an empty bud tray to maintain humidity. When the buds come out, spray 1-2 times a day.
4, harvesting generally after half a month or so, buckwheat buds will be able to grow to about 12 centimeters, this time can be harvested, washed, weighed, and then loaded into food plastic bags, marketed for sale.
When consumed, you can raise the malt to let go of the water within the scalding and bleaching a little bit after adding condiments, but also for stir-fry or other dishes as ingredients, but also for the soup. It's a great way to get the most out of your life, and it's a great way to get the most out of your life.
Green bean sprouts indoor sand new technology
Green bean sprouts indoor sand, only with a simple heating, cooling facilities, you can day to day under the beans, daily harvest. The technology does not Wei bed frame, directly on the ground sand seeding, eliminating many cumbersome procedures, so that investment is minimized. Because the bean sprouts using sand, taste and conventional aquatic rootless bean sprouts are different, it is fragrant and refreshing flavor unique, clean and pollution-free, green and pollution-free, bean sprouts bundled after the appearance of neat and bright, the price is significantly higher than ordinary bean sprouts. To 1 meter 2, for example, cast bean seeds 2 ~ 2.5 kg, can produce 12 ~ 15 kg of bean sprouts, specific
Specific methods of operation are as follows:
1, site preparation. Sandy green bean sprouts on the site requirements are not strict, you can use the unused houses, but requires a window can flexibly control and adjust the indoor light. At the same time, the room is equipped with auxiliary artificial heating facilities, such as honeycomb stove or soil heating; cooling facilities, such as electric fans.
2. Selection of sand and beans. All over the building sand and river sand can be used, the best choice of medium and fine sand, coarse sand due to poor water retention should not be used, bean seeds can be selected soybeans, black beans, brown beans, green beans, mung beans, etc., a large number of beans produced by the bean sprouts thick, a small number of beans produced by the bean sprouts slender, but the current market green bean sprouts to the slender type of the most popular.
3, seed treatment. Before soaking the seeds to remove the early moth, broken residue, deformed, rot mold, special small grain seeds, and then scalded with 60 ℃ warm water, stirring constantly, down to 25-30 ℃ and then soak the seeds for 24 hours, soak the seeds with the water to add the rootless mung bean sprouts (1 1 ml, add 5 kg of water), to inhibit the bean sprouts fibrous root production, to improve the quality and yield. After soaking the seeds 2 to 3 times, rinse off the mucus attached to the seed coat, and then fish out the seeds, drain off excess water, slightly dry after sowing.
4, cycle sowing. Sowing is generally taken in a cyclical manner, that is, the day under the beans, in order to facilitate the daily harvest, generally per meter 2 can be sown bean seeds 2 ~ 2-5 kg, will be soaked and processed bean seeds evenly spread on the sand surface, and then covered with a 2-cm-thick sand, and then watering, the amount of water is very critical, too much water will be macerated seed phenomenon, too small can not meet the sprouts out of the sand before the need for water, slow watering to the bottom of the wet is appropriate.
5, strengthen management. Bean seed germination growth temperature range of 14 ~ 35. C, the appropriate temperature of 20 ~ 25 ℃, generally not less than 20 ℃ during the day, not less than 16 ℃ at night, the room can be heated by the stove and ventilation cooling to regulate the temperature, to avoid the night high day low inverse temperature difference. Sand green bean sprouts, because the sand itself is good water holding capacity, as long as the bottom water is sufficient, sprouts out of the sand before the general watering, out of the sand after the summer, fall every 1-2 days spray watering 1 time, winter, spring 2-3 days spray watering 1 cheer, to keep the sand moist. With the growth of sprouts, bud petals exposed in the air, such as low humidity in the air, the bud petals, embryonic axis in the increase in fiber, reduce the quality of bean sprouts, so every day you need to use micro-sprinkler facilities or spraying devices for 3-4 times fog irrigation or spraying to maintain the relative humidity of indoor air in the 85% -95%.
In the indoor airtight conditions, the sprouts respiratory release a large amount of carbon dioxide. Ventilation not only can be indoor harmful gases out, but also can be fresh air inhalation. Generally at least 1-2 times a day ventilation, even in the case of low indoor temperature should be short ventilation but do not let the outside world cold wind blowing directly to the sprouts. Green bean sprouts like weak light afraid of strong light, the whole growth period both to the bean sprouts scattered light, but also to avoid strong direct light.
6, timely harvesting. From sowing to harvesting, in the day temperature 20 a 20 ℃, night temperature Dai a 20 ℃ conditions need 5 ~ 7 days, the day before harvesting to reduce the room temperature, and open the window to let the light into the room, so that the bean absorbs the flesh and blood fully into the green. Harvesting standards: sprouts long salt 5-18 meters, not out of the true leaves, a pair of cotyledons seem to open non-open, overlapping up and down, the stem white and tender petals green, generally harvested in the afternoon to the evening bundles, in the next day on the market. Bean sprouts after harvest, the site can be repeated reproduction.
The production of radish sprouts
Radish, sprouts is the formation of fat tender seedlings sprouted from the seeds of Luo b, also known as doll radish, doll tassel Luo b or shellfish. The production mode is flexible and diverse, can use a variety of facilities for production, such as winter can use daylight greenhouse, improved sun beds and other production; summer can use the shade net production. Farmers can make use of vacant houses, idle open space production, urban residents can use the balcony, house aisles and other production. If the cultivation method is appropriate, lkg radish seeds, can cultivate lOkg radish sprouts, 1 square meter can produce sprouts 5kg, input-output ratio is high, can achieve high economic benefits.
First, variety selection: the best choice of green skin varieties, and pay attention to screening suitable for different temperature growth varieties. Stem white or light green, leaf color green or light green, embryonic axis thick and glossy, seed collection, high germination rate is better, such as the big green Luo b, mid-autumn red, dry ideal and so on. Seeds should be full of seeds, strong life, thousand grain weight of 159 or more, 48h (hours) within the germination rate should be up to 80% to bu.
Second, seed treatment: seeds first in the sun under the sun, placed in 30 ℃ water soak lOmin (minutes), and then with 52 ℃ water soak 15min (minutes), and then in room temperature water soak 3h (hours). Fished out, wrapped in gauze, or put in a wet cloth, germination in the temperature of 20-25 ℃, when there are 50% of the seeds dew white when sowing. Can also be used before sowing 0.2% bleach solution to soak the seeds for 1min (minutes), disinfection and germination, or a little drying can be sown.
Third, the production method
1, the traditional production method: November to March in the plastic greenhouse or improved sun beds production. High-temperature period must be shaded and ventilated, low-temperature attention to heat preservation, it is best to use the sand cultivation method. The production of land shoveled flat, with a brick lm wide, unlimited length of the seedbed, seedbed paved with fine sand, 10cm thick, with warm water will be sprayed through the sand bed after sowing. When sown, the soaked seeds are mixed with 2 times the amount of dry fine sand, and then evenly sprinkled in. If there is a heap, the straw stick can be used to rake it scattered raking evenly. General l square meter sowing 20% or so, after sowing cover fine sand, thick 1.5cm, and then cover the film insulation and moisture. Also available soil cultivation, but the soil should be loose, fertile, and increase a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer, leveling beds, watering through the bottom of the water. 1 square meters inserted into the 120-2509 seeds, covered with fine soil or fine sand, thick 1.0-1.5cm, covered with grass curtains, or newspapers, or black shade net. Spray water in the morning and evening, the temperature is maintained at 15-20 ℃, 34 (days) seedlings. At this time, it is necessary to remove the cover in time, spray water, so that the arching of the sand cover or the soil is open, to help the seedlings out of the soil. After emergence, visible light growth. If the sun is strong, it is advisable to cover with black shade net. Seedlings height 3 ~ 5em, watering 0.5% nitrogen fertilizer water. Later, when dry, sprinkle water with a fine-eyed spray bottle in the morning and evening. Sprinkling should not be too much water to prevent the occurrence of sudden collapse disease. It should not be too dry, otherwise the seedlings will age and have poor quality. 3d (days) before harvest, when the buds are 5cm long. Remove the mulch and promote greening under low light. In this way, the embryonic axis of the seedlings is upright, the color is pure white, and the quality is good. You can also cover the soil 1 time after sowing, 8~lOem thick, or cover the soil in stages, so that the seedlings are shaded and softened, and harvested immediately after emergence, with a green top and a white bottom, with better quality.
When the radish buds cotyledon spreading, the true leaves are not out, the root base of the white tender, in the early morning dew is not dry or evening when the sun goes down set up, 400-50% a handful, bundled market