Most people think that peanuts originate from South America.

Many wild species of Arachis have been found in Brazil. Ancient peanuts dating back more than 2,700 years ago have been found in prehistoric ruins and tombs along the coast of Peru. According to ancient records, Indians in Peru and Brazil were very early. Peanuts have been cultivated for a long time. China’s peanuts were introduced from South America in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.

Now that this 100,000-year-old "peanut fossil" has been denied, we believe that the argument that China is one of the origins of peanuts has not been shaken. Because the earliest remains of peanuts found in my country are more than 1,000 years older than the evidence found so far in South America. It seems that the origin of modern peanuts may be multi-source, with China and South America being the origins of peanuts.

Cultivation and management

Peanuts and other crops form a planting system of one crop a year, three crops every two years, and two or three crops a year in different regions of China, so there are spring peanuts, Wheat peanuts are divided into summer peanuts and autumn peanuts. Winter peanuts can also be grown in some areas of Guangdong. Partial peanut cultivation has been developed in rice fields, forming a peanut-rice or rice-peanut rotation system.

In some places, the growth season is longer, the rice varieties are appropriately matched, and it can also be rotated with double-cropping rice. In Guangdong, Fujian and other places, autumn peanuts are grown to collect pods and reserved as seeds for spring sowing in the second year. This can increase the seedling emergence rate and ensure that the seedlings are intact and strong. It is commonly known in the local area as "removing seeds in autumn" or "replanting in spring". Because the pods are formed underground, loose sand, gravel soil or sandy loam soil is required to facilitate penetration of fruit needles into the soil, pod development and harvesting. Deep plowing and plowing are beneficial to the growth and development of peanuts.