2 Overview Soybean(Glycine max), a leguminous soybean belonging to panicum miliaceum, originated in China. According to the seed coat color and grain shape, soybeans can be divided into five categories: yellow soybeans, green soybeans, black soybeans, other soybeans (soybeans with brown, brown, red and other single colors) and feed beans (generally, the seeds are small, oblong, with concave dots on two cotyledons, and the seed coat is slightly shiny or dull). China has been cultivated since ancient times, and it has been cultivated for 5000 years. At present, it is widely planted in the whole country, and it is produced in Northeast China, North China, Shaanxi, Sichuan and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It is cultivated in the Yangtze River Basin and Southwest China, and the quality of soybeans in Northeast China is the best. Soybean cultivated all over the world is directly or indirectly spread from China. Because of its high nutritional value, it is called "the king of beans", "the meat in the field" and "green milk", and it is the most respected food among hundreds of natural foods.
Soybean fermented products, including douchi, soybean juice, yellow sauce and various sufu, are all made by inoculating soybeans or soybean products with mold for fermentation. After microbial action, soybean and its products eliminate the factors that inhibit nutrition and produce a variety of fragrant substances, which are easier to be digested and absorbed by human body, and more importantly, the content of vitamin B 12 is increased.
3 Alias of soybean: soybean, yellow soybean, branch soybean and vegetable soybean
The consumption of soybeans is 40 grams per day.
5. Nutritional value of soybean 1. Enhance immune function: soybean is rich in protein and contains many essential amino acids, which can improve human immunity;
2. Prevent vascular sclerosis: Lecithin in soybeans can remove cholesterol attached to blood vessel walls, prevent vascular sclerosis, prevent cardiovascular diseases and protect the heart. Lecithin in soybean also has the function of preventing excessive fat accumulation in the liver, thus effectively preventing fatty liver caused by obesity;
3. defecation: soluble fiber contained in soybeans can not only relax bowels, but also reduce cholesterol content;
4. Lowering blood sugar and lipid: Soybean contains a substance that inhibits pancreatic enzyme and has therapeutic effect on diabetes. Saponins contained in soybean have obvious hypolipidemic effect, and at the same time, can inhibit weight gain;
5. Soybean isoflavone is a kind of phytoestrogen with estrogenic activity, which is similar in structure to estrogen. It can relieve the symptoms of female climacteric syndrome, delay the aging of female cells, keep skin elastic, care skin, reduce bone loss, promote bone formation and reduce blood fat.
6 soybeans are suitable for the general population and can be eaten.
1. Soybean is an ideal food for menopausal women, patients with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases; Mental workers and friends who lose weight are also suitable;
2. Soybean will produce too much gas in the process of digestion and absorption, which will cause bloating, so people with poor digestive function and chronic digestive tract diseases should try to eat less;
3. People with severe liver disease, kidney disease, gout, peptic ulcer and low iodine should fast; Soybean and its products should not be eaten during acne.
4. People engaged in the research on genetically modified agricultural products and human health in the United States found that children who grew up eating soy milk had an increased risk factor of thyroid and reproductive system diseases in adulthood. According to the research of American specialized institutions, this is related to the fact that the response of infants to phytoestrogens in soybeans is completely different from that of adults, so don't let infants drink more soy milk.
7 therapeutic effect of soybean Soybean is sweet and flat, and enters the spleen and large intestine;
Has the effects of invigorating spleen, widening middle energizer, moistening dryness, eliminating water, clearing away heat and toxic materials, and benefiting qi;
Indications: malnutrition, diarrhea, abdominal distension and emaciation, pregnancy poisoning, sores, carbuncle and swelling, traumatic bleeding, etc. Soybean can also resist bacteria and inflammation, and is effective for pharyngitis, conjunctivitis, stomatitis, bacillary dysentery and enteritis.
Used for hand and foot cramp pain: soybean 100 g, 60 g of fine rice bran, fried in water until the soybean is cooked, and eaten twice a day;
Used for burns and scalds: During the treatment period, it can be taken by boiling soybean juice with proper amount every day, which can speed up the healing without scar.
8 Edible Suggestions for Soybean 1. There are many kinds of foods made from soybean, which can be used to make staple food, cakes, snacks and so on. Grinding soybean into powder, mixing with rice flour to make dumplings and cakes, etc., and also as raw materials for processing various bean products, such as soybean milk, bean curd skin, yuba, bean curd, dried bean curd, venetian blinds, bean sprouts, etc., which can be eaten and fried in oil;
2. Raw soybeans contain unhealthy antitrypsin and thrombin, so soybeans should not be eaten raw, and raw soybeans should not be eaten, and it is not suitable for dry frying;
Soybean usually has a beany smell, which many people don't like. For example, when frying soybeans, drop a few drops of yellow rice wine and add a little salt, so that the smell of beans will be much less, or wash them with cold salt water before frying soybeans, which can achieve the same effect;