Symptomatic treatment
Cough, no phlegm or less phlegm can be relieved by dextromethorphan and pentoverine (Kebiqing). Cough, phlegm is not easy to cough out, you can choose ambroxol hydrochloride, bromhexine (Ping Shu), myrtle oil to eliminate phlegm, or atomization to eliminate phlegm. The commonly used compound licorice mixture for relieving cough and resolving phlegm can also be selected from other Chinese patent medicines for relieving cough and resolving phlegm. When bronchospasm occurs, antiasthmatic drugs such as theophylline, daily receptor agonist and cholinergic blocker can be used. Fever can be treated with antipyretic and analgesic drugs.
antibiotic therapy
Use only when there are signs of bacterial infection. Generally, the cough lasts for more than 10 days, and the infection probability of bacteria, mycoplasma, chlamydia pneumoniae and Bordetella is high. New macrolides or penicillins can be preferred, and cephalosporins or quinones can also be selected. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends taking azithromycin for 5 days, clarithromycin for 7 days or erythromycin 14 days. Most patients can take antibiotics orally, and those with severe symptoms can be given intramuscular injection or intravenous drip. A few patients need guidance according to the results of pathogen culture.
Surgical therapy
The disease generally does not require surgical treatment, but conservative treatment is ineffective. When the laryngeal obstruction is still not relieved or obviously relieved, tracheotomy should be performed in time.
Traditional therapy in China
The general principle of TCM treatment is to strengthen the body resistance and tonify deficiency, eliminate pathogenic factors and relieve cough, and treat both the symptoms and root causes. The treatment of phlegm-dampness accumulating in lung should be spleen-strengthening and dampness-drying, phlegm-resolving and cough-relieving, and phlegm-heat blocking lung should be heat-clearing and lung-dispersing, phlegm-resolving and cough-relieving. Chinese patent medicines such as Compound Rhododendron Purple Tablets, Su Xing Zhike Syrup and Zhike Huatan Pills can be used to treat bronchitis.
Other treatments
motortherapy
Persisting in breathing exercises and Tai Ji Chuan can improve diaphragm function, vital capacity and disease resistance, and improve patients' quality of life.
Enhance immunity
Patients with chronic bronchitis have low immune function, especially respiratory immune function, which leads to repeated respiratory infections and acute attacks. Therefore, it is very important to improve the immune function in clinical remission to prevent acute infection. Commonly used drugs are mainly divided into two categories. One is vaccines against common respiratory pathogens, such as pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine and influenza vaccine, which can reduce the incidence of respiratory infections caused by streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza and reduce the frequency of antibiotic use. The other is nonspecific systemic immunomodulator.
Bronchoscopic alveolar lavage
Bronchoscopic alveolar lavage usually washes inflammatory factors and epithelial cell necrosis substances produced by mycoplasma infection with normal saline at 37℃, which can effectively treat bronchitis and help children to absorb pulmonary inflammation as soon as possible.