The process of artificial cultivation of edible fungi is essentially a process of artificially creating environmental conditions conducive to the development of mycelium and fruiting body of Lentinus edodes and unfavorable to the growth of other miscellaneous bacteria. The cultivation of Lentinus edodes as an alternative material comes from this principle.
Mushrooms have always been cultivated with logs or logs in a few areas. Due to the limitation of trees, regions and seasons, the development speed is very slow. Since the successful cultivation in Shanghai and the large-scale popularization of sawdust cultivation method, it has opened up a new road for the development of mushroom production, and the substitute cultivation has developed rapidly.
The so-called substitute cultivation means that all kinds of agricultural and forestry by-products are used as the main raw materials, and a proper amount of auxiliary materials are added to make a culture medium to replace the traditional cultivation materials (logs and chips) to produce various edible fungi.
The advantages of alternative cultivation are as follows: firstly, it can broaden the sources of cultivation materials, comprehensively utilize the leftovers of agricultural and forestry products, turn fibrous materials that cannot be directly eaten and have extremely low economic value into edible fungi with high economic value, save wood, make full use of biological resources, and turn waste into treasure. Secondly, the planting area can be effectively expanded, and it can be planted in mountainous areas with forests and plains and coastal towns without forest resources. Suitable for small and medium-sized family cultivation, more convenient for industrial production, and opens up a new way for expanding edible fungi production. At the same time, because the culture medium for substitute cultivation can be reasonably prepared according to the biological characteristics of various edible fungi, and the cultivation conditions (such as mushroom houses) are easy to be manually controlled, the yield and quality are relatively stable, the production cycle is short (only 3-4 months from mushroom inoculation to the end of harvesting), and the funds can be recovered quickly. Generally, 600 ~ 800 kg of fresh mushrooms can be harvested per 1000 kg of sawdust or cottonseed hull, which is an effective way to cultivate mushrooms in terms of product quality and economic benefits.
Substitute cultivation raw materials: The main substitutes for cultivating Lentinus edodes are hardwood sawdust, some conifer sawdust (such as willow, fir and Korean pine), wood shavings, paper scraps, cottonseed hulls, waste cotton, beet residue, rice straw, corn cob, wheat straw, sorghum hull, peanut hull and chaff. In addition, many pine sawdust is fermented at high temperature or spread out to dry in order to remove its unique rosin smell; It can also be used to cultivate mushrooms.