Chinese name: rosemary
Latin name: Rosmarinus officinalis
Boundary: Botany
Phylum: Angiosperms
Organism: Dicotyledons
Objects: Labiatae
Family: Labiatae
Genera: Rosemary
Region of distribution: Mediterranean region.
Region: Mediterranean
Rosemary is native to the Mediterranean region and has been naturalized in temperate regions of the Americas and Europe. It is widely cultivated in gardens in the warmer regions of the United States and the United Kingdom.
Evergreen shrub with an erect plant and main stems about 1 meter tall (sometimes up to 2 meters). Leaves narrowly apiculate, about 1 cm long, shaped like curved pine needles; dark green, shiny above, white below, leaf margins curled towards the back of the leaf. The leaves emit a pine scent and have been regarded as a memory-enhancing herb since ancient times. Flowers blue, in small clusters in the leaf axils, especially attractive to bees. In spring and summer, it produces small, light blue flowers that look like tiny drops of water, which is why rosmarinus means "dew of the sea" in Latin. Its English name is derived from the two Latin words 〈ros and marinus〉, meaning "dew of the sea".
Cultivation methods and habits
Rosemary like warm weather, but Taiwan's high temperature period of slow growth in the flatlands, winter temperatures without cold spells are more suitable for its growth, water supply due to the rosemary leaves itself belong to the leathery, drought-resistant, so planting the soil to be sandy so that good drainage is more conducive to the growth of the development of the soil, it is worth noting that rosemary grows slowly, which also means that its regenerative capacity is not strong, and it is not easy to regenerate, so it is not easy to regenerate. It is worth noting that rosemary is slow-growing, which also means that its regenerative capacity is not strong, pruning and harvesting must be particularly careful, especially the old branches lignify quickly, and too much strong cuts often lead to plants that can not germinate again, a safer approach is to not cut more than half of the length of the branch each time you prune. Observe the rosemary plant, although there are small buds in each leaf axil, in the future with the elongation of branches, these axil buds will also develop into branches, after the growth of the whole plant due to the branches, not only looks messy, but also poor ventilation is easy to become the habitat of pests and prone to disease, therefore, regular pruning is very important. Upright varieties can easily grow tall when planted in the field. To facilitate management and increase the harvest, the tops should be cut off at the beginning of growth after planting, and then cut two to three times after the lateral buds have sprouted, so that the plants will be low and neat. When rosemary is propagated by seed, germination is slow and the germination rate is low. According to the literature, if the germination temperature is between 20℃ and 24℃, the germination rate is less than 30%, and the germination time is as long as 3-4 weeks, but if the germination is done at 20℃ to 24℃ for 1 week and then treated with a temperature of 4.4℃ (40℉) for 4 weeks, the germination rate can be increased to 70%. Therefore, unless new varieties are introduced from abroad, propagation by cuttings is a fast and safe method. Simply buy a few pots as the mother plant, fill a 50-pocket tray with fresh soil, take the top cuttings, and if you want to accelerate rooting, dip the base of the cuttings with some rooting powder, and then insert a small hole with bamboo chopsticks to avoid the rooting powder from being rubbed off by the soil, and then put the cuttings in a cool place about a month later for transplanting. For creeping species, you can use horizontal branches to make a wound in the soil and then bury it, and then cut it away from the mother plant after about a month, and it will be another rosemary, but the operation procedures are more troublesome.
Transplanting technology
Rosemary field transplants are cuttings rooted seedlings. The transplanting plant row spacing is 40×40 cm, and the number of planting per mu is 4000～4300 plants. Leveled land according to the plant spacing first ponding, apply a small amount of fertilizer, and then covered with a thin layer of soil on the bottom fertilizer, you can transplant. After transplanting to pour enough root water, watering should not make the seedling tipping, if there is a fall should be timely corrected and stabilized. Planting rosemary is the best choice for cloudy days, rainy days and morning and evening when the sun is not strong. Planting season in central and southern Yunnan Province can be all year round, spring and fall is the best. Water for a second time 5 days after planting (depending on soil dryness and wetness). When the seedlings are alive, watering can be reduced. Found dead seedlings should be replanted in a timely manner, planting to pond distance between the pond as a point in a straight line, in order to facilitate ventilation.
Prevention of pests and diseases
1. the plant should be able to ventilation, keep cool 2. daylight to be able to sufficient (pests and diseases often preferred in the lack of ventilation, and sunlight can not be hidden) 3. avoid high temperature and humidity of the climate and the environment 4. to cut off too much and aging of the dead leaves and branches, and pick up the dead leaves and leaves fell to the surface of the soil, so as not to attract pests and diseases in
Chemical composition
Rosemary is a genus of rosemary in the family of Labiatae, which is currently recognized as a plant with high antioxidant effect. in the late 1960s and early 1970s, German and Japanese scientists have isolated components with high antioxidant capacity from rosemary. The Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences successfully introduced rosemary in 1981, and extracted the aromatic oil from the stem and leaves of rosemary by C02 supercritical extraction method, and extracted the edible antioxidant (rosemary antioxidant). The main antioxidant components in rosemary are rosmarinic acid, rosmarinol, rosmarinol, ursolic acid, rosmarinic acid and other components.
Functions
Eliminates gas and bloating, enhances memory, refreshes and revitalizes the mind, reduces headache symptoms, and improves hair loss (should not be consumed by pregnant women). Rosemary tea has a refreshing aroma that can enhance the function of the brain, improve headaches, and boost memory, so students who need to memorize a lot may want to drink more rosemary tea. In addition, it is also effective for colds, bloating and obesity. It improves speech, vision and hearing disorders, enhances concentration, treats rheumatic pain, strengthens liver function, lowers blood sugar, helps in the treatment of arteriosclerosis, and helps to revitalize paralyzed limbs. It has a strong astringent effect, regulates greasy and unclean skin, promotes blood circulation and stimulates hair regeneration.
Suitable places
1, the study: refreshing and concentration is the most direct stimulation of rosemary, for a creative worker, which also represents a ready to set up a suitable for creative stimulation, so that the inspiration of the best environment such as spring water. 2, meeting rooms: rosemary helps to stimulate a positive, upward, forward, positive working atmosphere, especially teamwork, so that employees in a "favored" and "respected" atmosphere, more powerful play ability!
Value
One, edible In Western cuisine rosemary and thyme are often used spices, in steak, potatoes and other dishes as well as baked goods are especially often used. There is a particularly sweet and piney smell and flavor, strong aroma, sweet with a bitter taste. Rosemary powder is usually added in small quantities to enhance the flavor of dishes after cooking, mainly for lamb, seafood, chicken and duck. In the grilled food marinade meat, put some, grilled meat will be particularly fragrant; in the preparation of salad dressings, put a little people can also be made into herb salad dressing; cooking dishes often use dried rosemary powder (if the dishes need to be heated for a long time, you can use the stronger aroma of the dried rosemary); the dried rosemary vinegar with grape vinegar soaked, can be used as a baguette or garlic bread dipping sauce. Rosemary leaves have a tea-like aroma and a pungent, slightly bitter flavor. Small quantities of dried or fresh leaves are used to flavor food, especially lamb, duck, chicken, sausage, seafood, stuffing, stews, soups, potatoes, tomatoes, turnips, other vegetables and beverages. Because the flavor is very strong, removed before eating. Second, medicinal rosemary has a grass-like cool odor and sweet camphor breath, slightly irritating, from ancient times has been used to improve and strengthen the memory, until today's Greek students in the home before the exams will be brewed rosemary tea, because of its unique aroma can make people upward. In traditional medicine it is a common aromatic ingredient in tonics and applications. Nowadays, its aromatic oil is used as an ingredient in meadowsweet and in many cosmetic products. Rosemary is also often placed indoors to purify the air. In addition to its medicinal value of digestion, strengthen the heart, hair growth and delay aging. Third, skin care The main function of rosemary is astringent and antioxidant, rosemary extract of the active ingredients and natural organic lipids have a strong affinity, therefore, Switzerland MAGICCARE magic care rosemary astringent oil control gel
Rosemary is often combined with organic lipids made of gel products. General cleaning products in the wash after the skin care functional ingredients will be most of the water rinse loss, Swiss researchers in the three high fresh extraction technology based on the addition of selective active enzyme and other means, so that the effective ingredients of rosemary in the gel and lipids at the same time also with the skin epidermal layer to produce affinity, this affinity beyond the affinity with water, so in the process of cleaning, most of the effective components of rosemary can still be absorbed by the skin. Therefore, during the cleansing process, most of the active ingredients of rosemary can still be absorbed by the skin, which has astringent and antioxidant effects, however, this technology is currently only applied by the magic care line of the Swiss Legend Group. Rosemary is known for its astringent properties, which help to cleanse the hair follicles and the deeper layers of the skin, as well as minimizing the size of pores, thus making the skin look finer and flatter. For people with excess fat on the face, it also has the effect of eliminating fat and firming the skin. In addition, the antioxidant properties of rosemary also play a role in slowing down the aging process. Fourth, brewing flower tea Rosemary (appropriate amount), hot water (about 400cc), honey or sugar (use as needed) Put rosemary in a pot, add hot water, brew for 3-5 minutes, add honey or sugar can be consumed. Best with: Verbena, lemongrass V. Essential oils 1. 2 drops of rosemary essential oil to make a hot compress can relieve back muscle pain
2. 4 drops of rosemary essential oil in hot water, inhalation can relieve the discomfort of the nose when a cold 3. joint inflammation, you can use 4 drops of rosemary essential oil to make cold compresses 4. 20 ml of the base of the massage oil to add 8 drops of rosemary oil can be used for warming up before exercise 5. 20 ml of the base of the massage oil to add 8 drops of rosemary oil can be used for warming up before exercise 5. 20 ml of the base of the massage oil to make preparation for the massage. 5. Add 4 drops of rosemary essential oil and 4 drops of lavender essential oil to 20 ml of base massage oil to relieve muscle aches and pains after strenuous exercise. 6. Blend with juniper to enhance the relief of muscle aches and pains. 7. Blend with orange leaf to harmonize the scent. 8. Lemon lemongrass not only harmonizes the scent of rosemary, but also strengthens its healing properties for muscle aches and pains. 9. Anti-bacterial air freshener: add 2 drops of rosemary essential oil to 100 ml of water. Rosemary essential oil 2 drops of essential oils suitable for blending with it (basil essential oil, cedarwood essential oil, frankincense essential oil, geranium essential oil, grapefruit essential oil, lemon citronella essential oil, bee balm essential oil, sweet orange essential oil, peppermint essential oil)
Legend and custom
There are countless romantic legends of rosemary in Western folklore. Rosemary is so strongly scented that it is said that ancient Hungarian queens liked to bathe in rosemary. Ancient people believed that it can strengthen the memory, so it is also known as a lighthouse on the sea when out of the ship lost its way, lost sailors can rely on the strong aroma to find the location of land. The other two legends are related to Christianity. One says that the flavor of rosemary is given by Jesus, Jesus fled Judea on the way to Egypt, will be washed clothes drying on the rosemary, rosemary is therefore given many medicinal properties. So it has a fragrant and noble flavor, and has the power of God, can purify and exorcise the devil. Secondly, rosemary flowers were originally white, in the Virgin Mary with the Holy Child Jesus fled to Egypt on the way, the Virgin's coat was hooked to the rosemary, rosemary flowers instantly turned sky blue, to show respect for the Virgin Mary, from then on rosemary flowers turned blue. Religious legends deepen the sacred power of rosemary, in Europe, rosemary is widely planted around the church, the religious regard it as a sacred offering, so rosemary is also known as the "Virgin Mary's rose" Rosemary is defined as a symbol of love, fidelity and friendship, and its floral language is reminiscent of memories, wiping away memories of the sadness of the "you give me a promise that I will not forget, please always keep your love for me, think of me, back to me". Think of me, think of me". Italian girls will take a flowering rosemary and gently tap their sweetheart's finger in anticipation of a positive response, or they will weave it into a crown and place it on the couple's head during a wedding, to show the world that they are faithful to their love. In addition, the Italians also threw sprigs of rosemary into the graves of the dead during funeral ceremonies, to represent their admiration and remembrance of the deceased. In Victorian England, rosemary's floral meaning was remembrance, symbolizing long-lasting love, faithful friendship and eternal remembrance. Shakespeare wrote in his plays: "Rosemary is to aid remembrance, my dear, and to be remembered". The old English proverb: "Wherever the smell of rosemary is, the housewife is in charge"