Bullwort, distributed in temperate and tropical regions around the world. Annual herb, the main treatment to clear heat, diuresis. It can cure heatstroke and fever, pediatric emergency alarm, jaundice, dysentery, gonorrhea, dysuria; and can prevent and cure BSE.

Chinese name: oxalis Latin name: Gramineae Alias: thousand thousand tread, joining grass community: phylum: angiosperm phylum annual herbs, 15-90 cm high. The fibrous roots are fine and dense. Culms tufted, erect or basally geniculate. Leaf blades flattened or rolled, up to 15 cm long, 3-5 mm wide, glabrous or surface verrucose-pilose; leaf sheaths compressed, ridged, glabrous or sparsely verrucose, mouth sometimes pilose; ligule ca. 1 mm. Spike, 3-10 cm long, 3-5 mm wide, often several in a digitate arrangement (rarely 2) at the top of the stem; spikelet with 3-6 flowers, 4-7 mm long, 2-3 mm wide; glumes lanceolate, 1st glume 1.5-2 mm long, 2nd glume 2-3 mm long; 1st lemma 3-3.5 mm long, narrowly winged on the ridges; seeds rectangular-orbicular, sub-triangular, ca. 1.5 mm long, with with conspicuous undulate wrinkles. Flowering and fruiting June-October.

Habitually found in barren places in the wilderness. Distributed throughout the country.

Culms tufted, oblique or supine, some suberect, 15-90 cm tall; leaf blades striped; leaf sheaths flattened, sheath mouth hairy, ligule short. Spike 2-7, digitally arranged at culm tips; rachis slightly broader, spikelets in double rows densely packed on one side of the rachis, with 3-6 florets; glumes and lemmas awnless, first glume shorter than second glume, first lemma 3-veined, ridged, ridges scabrid, with small cilia. Caryopsis ovate, brown to black, with conspicuous undulate wrinkles. Reproducing by seed.

Source The rooted whole grass of the grass family Oxalis.

Collection Harvested in August and September, washed, dried and cut off.

Taste ①Fujian Folk Herb: "Sweet, flat, non-toxic."

②"Eastern Fujian Materia Medica": "Sweet and bland in flavor, cool in nature."

Categorized as ① "The Mirror of All Materia Medica": "Entering the liver meridian."

②Mindong Materia Medica: "Enters the lung and stomach meridians."

Functions and Indications Clearing heat and inducing dampness. It is used to treat heatstroke and fever, children's panic, jaundice, dysentery, gonorrhea, and dysuria; it can also prevent and control B-brain.

1) "Hundred Herbs Mirror": "Promote blood circulation, long strength."

② "Fujian Folk Herbal Medicine": "diuretic, clearing heat, eliminating hernia."

③ "Compilation of Commonly Used Folk Herbs": "Strengthening the tendons and bones, treating spermatorrhea."

④ "Eastern Fujian Materia Medica": "Treating acute fright of children, stone drenching, lumbar contusion, bleeding from intestinal wind, regurgitation, wheezing and coughing."

⑤ Shanghai Commonly Used Chinese Herbal Medicine: "Promoting blood circulation and tonifying qi. Treating detachment from labor and injury, pulmonary tuberculosis."

Usage and Dosage For internal use: decoction, 3 to 5 qian (1 to 3 taels for fresh); or pounding juice. Order: Monocotyledonaceae Order: Gramineae Family: Gramineae Distribution area: distributed in temperate and tropical regions of the world 1. Treatment of high fever, cramps and dizziness: four taels of fresh oxalis, three bowls of water, stewed in a bowl, a pinch of salt, and consumed within twelve hours. (Eastern Fujian Materia Medica)

2. To cure yellowing, labor injury, and tubercular infection: wash away the mud of oxalis with roots, steam it in the belly of female chicken, remove the grass and eat the chicken. (Gleanings from the Compendium)

3. To treat jaundice due to dampness and heat: two taels of fresh oxalis, one or two taels of sesame, decocted with water. (Jiangxi "herbal medicine manual")

4. Treatment of dysentery: oxalis to two two, decoction and adjust the sugar to serve, the second day. ("Min Dong Materia Medica")

5. Treatment of pediatric heat knot, abdominal distension, urination is not favorable: fresh oxalis root two taels, discretionary water decoction into a bowl, divided into three times, served before meals. (Fujian Folk Herbal Medicine)

6. Treatment of heatstroke fever: fresh oxalis two, water decoction. ("Fujian Chinese herbal medicine")

7. Treatment of gonorrhea: fresh oxalis two two. The water is decocted and taken. (Fujian Chinese Herbal Medicine)

8. Treatment of lumbar contusion flash pain: cattle tendon grass, silk gourd Luo each one or two, stewed wine. ("Min Dong Materia Medica")

9. Treatment of hernia fresh oxalis root four taels, fourteen lychee dried, add wine and water half, stew for one hour, before meals, twice a day. (Fujian Folk Herbal Medicine)

10. Treatment of breast carbuncle at the beginning, red, swollen and hot pain: one or two of the head of oxalis, dandelion head one or two, hard-boiled egg a service. And the dregs of the grass gently rub the affected area. ("Minnan folk herbal medicine")

11. Prevention of encephalitis B: fresh oxalis two to four two, decoction tea. ("Fujian Chinese herbal medicine")

Clinical application Prevention and treatment of epidemic encephalitis B

Preventive use of fresh grass daily 1 two, 1 decoction, served for 3 days; interval of 10 days, then served for 3 days; or 2 to 4 two per day, 1 decoction, served for 3 to 5 days, in 184,130 preventive service, the onset of only 2 cases, the morbidity rate of 0.91/100,000, compared with the previous six years, is the lowest. The incidence rate was 0.91/100000, which was the lowest 1 year compared with the previous 6 years. Treatment daily with dried herbs 1 ~ 3 two, wash and add water thick decoction into 50 ~ 100 ml, 3 times divided into doses, 7 ~ 10 days for a course of treatment. This is the main medicine, treatment of 27 cases, except for 2 cases of death, the rest were cured. The number of days required for the temperature to drop to normal was 1 day in the short case and 12 days in the long case, and the average time for fever reduction in severe cases was 3.2 days. A few of them had mild and transient reactions such as back pain, diarrhea, headache, nausea, vomiting, etc., but there were no adverse effects on the blood and kidneys. (The clinically used oxalis is sometimes mixed with the plant of the same family, Salvia miltiorrhiza.)

Trait identification The root is bearded, yellowish brown, 0.5-1mm in diameter, the stem is compressed cylindrical, light gray-green, with longitudinal ribs, nodes are obvious, the internode is 4-8mm long, 1-4mm in diameter, the leaf is linear, up to 15cm long, the leaf veins are parallel striped. Spikes several finger-like arranged at the top of the stem often 3, gas faint, taste faint. Microscopic identification Stem transverse section: epidermal cells 1 column, covered with cuticle. The cortex consists of 4-6 columns of thin-walled cells, and the fibers of the mesostylar sheath are arranged in a ring, with about 20 prismatic ridges of vascular bundles intermittently arranged in a ring on its outer side. The mesostylar vascular bundles are scattered, externally tough, with annular tubular fibers. The medullary cells are polygonal-like, often atrophied and hollow in the middle.

①Fujian Folk Herbal Medicine: "Sweet, flat, non-toxic."

②"Eastern Fujian Materia Medica": "Sweet and bland in flavor, cool in nature."